.. currentmodule:: machine
Note
This class is a non-standard Timer implementation for the WiPy.
It is available simply as machine.Timer on the WiPy but is named in the
documentation below as machine.TimerWiPy to distinguish it from the
more general :ref:`machine.Timer <machine.Timer>` class.
Hardware timers deal with timing of periods and events. Timers are perhaps the most flexible and heterogeneous kind of hardware in MCUs and SoCs, differently greatly from a model to a model. MicroPython's Timer class defines a baseline operation of executing a callback with a given period (or once after some delay), and allow specific boards to define more non-standard behavior (which thus won't be portable to other boards).
See discussion of :ref:`important constraints <machine_callbacks>` on Timer callbacks.
Note
Memory can't be allocated inside irq handlers (an interrupt) and so exceptions raised within a handler don't give much information. See :func:`micropython.alloc_emergency_exception_buf` for how to get around this limitation.
.. method:: TimerWiPy.init(mode, *, width=16) Initialise the timer. Example:: tim.init(Timer.PERIODIC) # periodic 16-bit timer tim.init(Timer.ONE_SHOT, width=32) # one shot 32-bit timer Keyword arguments: - ``mode`` can be one of: - ``TimerWiPy.ONE_SHOT`` - The timer runs once until the configured period of the channel expires. - ``TimerWiPy.PERIODIC`` - The timer runs periodically at the configured frequency of the channel. - ``TimerWiPy.PWM`` - Output a PWM signal on a pin. - ``width`` must be either 16 or 32 (bits). For really low frequencies < 5Hz (or large periods), 32-bit timers should be used. 32-bit mode is only available for ``ONE_SHOT`` AND ``PERIODIC`` modes.
.. method:: TimerWiPy.deinit() Deinitialises the timer. Stops the timer, and disables the timer peripheral.
.. method:: TimerWiPy.channel(channel, **, freq, period, polarity=TimerWiPy.POSITIVE, duty_cycle=0) If only a channel identifier passed, then a previously initialized channel object is returned (or ``None`` if there is no previous channel). Otherwise, a TimerChannel object is initialized and returned. The operating mode is is the one configured to the Timer object that was used to create the channel. - ``channel`` if the width of the timer is 16-bit, then must be either ``TIMER.A``, ``TIMER.B``. If the width is 32-bit then it **must be** ``TIMER.A | TIMER.B``. Keyword only arguments: - ``freq`` sets the frequency in Hz. - ``period`` sets the period in microseconds. .. note:: Either ``freq`` or ``period`` must be given, never both. - ``polarity`` this is applicable for ``PWM``, and defines the polarity of the duty cycle - ``duty_cycle`` only applicable to ``PWM``. It's a percentage (0.00-100.00). Since the WiPy doesn't support floating point numbers the duty cycle must be specified in the range 0-10000, where 10000 would represent 100.00, 5050 represents 50.50, and so on. .. note:: When the channel is in PWM mode, the corresponding pin is assigned automatically, therefore there's no need to assign the alternate function of the pin via the ``Pin`` class. The pins which support PWM functionality are the following: - ``GP24`` on Timer 0 channel A. - ``GP25`` on Timer 1 channel A. - ``GP9`` on Timer 2 channel B. - ``GP10`` on Timer 3 channel A. - ``GP11`` on Timer 3 channel B.
Timer channels are used to generate/capture a signal using a timer.
TimerChannel objects are created using the Timer.channel() method.
.. method:: timerchannel.irq(*, trigger, priority=1, handler=None) The behavior of this callback is heavily dependent on the operating mode of the timer channel: - If mode is ``TimerWiPy.PERIODIC`` the callback is executed periodically with the configured frequency or period. - If mode is ``TimerWiPy.ONE_SHOT`` the callback is executed once when the configured timer expires. - If mode is ``TimerWiPy.PWM`` the callback is executed when reaching the duty cycle value. The accepted params are: - ``priority`` level of the interrupt. Can take values in the range 1-7. Higher values represent higher priorities. - ``handler`` is an optional function to be called when the interrupt is triggered. - ``trigger`` must be ``TimerWiPy.TIMEOUT`` when the operating mode is either ``TimerWiPy.PERIODIC`` or ``TimerWiPy.ONE_SHOT``. In the case that mode is ``TimerWiPy.PWM`` then trigger must be equal to ``TimerWiPy.MATCH``. Returns a callback object.
.. method:: timerchannel.freq([value]) Get or set the timer channel frequency (in Hz).
.. method:: timerchannel.period([value]) Get or set the timer channel period (in microseconds).
.. method:: timerchannel.duty_cycle([value]) Get or set the duty cycle of the PWM signal. It's a percentage (0.00-100.00). Since the WiPy doesn't support floating point numbers the duty cycle must be specified in the range 0-10000, where 10000 would represent 100.00, 5050 represents 50.50, and so on.
.. data:: TimerWiPy.ONE_SHOT
.. data:: TimerWiPy.PERIODIC Timer operating mode.
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