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Update Chinese FAQ to validate properly.
author Bruce Momjian <bruce@momjian.us>
2005年5月16日 22:27:54 +0000 (22:27 +0000)
committer Bruce Momjian <bruce@momjian.us>
2005年5月16日 22:27:54 +0000 (22:27 +0000)
doc/src/FAQ/FAQ_chinese.html patch | blob | blame | history

diff --git a/doc/src/FAQ/FAQ_chinese.html b/doc/src/FAQ/FAQ_chinese.html
index 20b8b7ca17b11bc0eeb962d9b89368659ee59e5d..bf7478f57c32c29643fadb00ebd118e18748974e 100644 (file)
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- <h4><a id="3.10" name="3.10"></a>3.10) ÎaÊ2à ́ÒaÔÚÉý1⁄4¶ PostgreSQL ×ばつö dump oÍ restore £¿</h4>
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+ £ ̈Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software and its
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+ ÔÚÈÎoÎÇé¿öÏ£¬1⁄4ÓÖÝ ́óѧ¶1⁄42»3Ðμ£ÒòÊ1Óà ́ËÈí1⁄4þ1⁄4°ÆäÎÄμμ¶øμ1⁄4ÖÂμĶÔÈÎoÎμ±ÊÂÈËμÄÖ±1⁄2ÓμÄ£¬1⁄4ä1⁄2ÓμÄ£¬ÌØÊâμÄ£¬ ̧1⁄21⁄4ÓμÄ»òÕßÏà°é¶øÉúμÄËð»μ£¬°üÀ ̈ÀûÒæËðʧμÄÔðÈΣ¬1⁄4 ́Ê11⁄4ÓÖÝ ́óѧÒÑ3⁄4­1⁄2 ̈ÒéÁËÕâЩËðʧμÄ¿ÉÄÜÐÔʱÒ2ÊÇÈç ́Ë¡£
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+ £ ̈IN NO EVENT SHALL THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA BE LIABLE TO ANY PARTY FOR
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+ PROFITS, ARISING OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE AND ITS DOCUMENTATION, EVEN IF
+ THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH
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+ PARTICULAR PURPOSE. THE SOFTWARE PROVIDED HEREUNDER IS ON AN "AS IS" BASIS, AND
+ THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA HAS NO OBLIGATIONS TO PROVIDE MAINTENANCE,
+ SUPPORT, UPDATES, ENHANCEMENTS, OR MODIFICATIONS.£©<br>
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+ ÎÄ1⁄4þ»ò <a href="http://www.PostgreSQL.org/docs/faq-mswin.html">http://www.PostgreSQL.org/docs/faq-mswin.html</a>
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+ http://www.commandprompt.com/ppbook/</a> ¡£ÔÚ <a href="http://www.ca.PostgreSQL.org/books/">
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+ <ul>
+ <li>
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+ <li>
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+ </ul>
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+ <p>ÔÚÔËÐÐ configure ʱ1⁄4ÓÉÏ --prefix Ñ¡Ïî¡£</p>
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+ <p>
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+ 7.2 μ1⁄2 7.3£©Í ̈3£»áÐÞ ̧ÄÏμÍ3±íoÍÊý3⁄4ݱíμÄÄÚ2¿ ̧ñÊ1⁄2¡£ÕâЩ±ä» ̄Ò»°ã±È1⁄2Ï ̧ ́ÔÓ£¬Òò ́ËÎÒÃÇ2»Î¬Êý3⁄4ÝÎÄ1⁄4þμÄÏòoó1⁄4æÈÝ¡£dump
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+ <p>
+ ́ÅÅÌÎÄ1⁄4þ ̧ñÊ1⁄2ûÓÐ±ä» ̄μÄÉý1⁄4¶£¬¿ÉÒÔÓà <i>pg_upgrade</i> 1⁄2ű3⁄4£¬¶ø2»ÐèÒa×ばつö dump oÍ restor¡£·21ドル⁄4ËμÃ÷script »áÖ ̧Ã÷ <i>pg_upgrade</i>
+ ¶Ô ̧à ́ÎÉý1⁄4¶ÊÇ·ñ¿ÉÓá£</p>
+ <P>
+ <HR>
+ <CENTER>
+ <H2&g×ばつ÷ÎÊÌâ</H2>
+ </CENTER>
+ <H4><A name="4.1"></A>4.1)
+ ¶þ1⁄2øÖÆÓαêoÍÆÕÍ ̈ÓαêÖ®1⁄4äμÄÇø±ðÊÇÊ2à ́£¿</H4>
+ 2ÎÔÄ <FONT size="-1">DECLARE</FONT> ÊÖ2áÒ3»ñÈ¡ÐÅÏ¢¡£
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+ 2ÎÔÄ <FONT size="-1">FETCH</FONT>
+ ÊÖ2áÒ3£¬»òÕßÊ1Óà SELECT ... LIMIT....
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+ ORDER BY</FONT> Æ\Å䣬PostgreSQL ¿ÉÄÜ3⁄4ÍÖ» ́¦ÀíÒaÇóμÄÍ·1⁄4 ̧Ìõ1⁄4ÇÂ1⁄4£¬·ñÔò1⁄2«¶ÔÕû ̧ö2éÑ ̄1⁄2øÐÐ ́¦ÀíÖ±μ1⁄2Éú3ÉÐèÒaμÄÐС£
+ <H4><a name="4.3"></a>4.3) ÎÒÈçoλñÈ¡Ò» ̧ö±íμÄÁÐ±í£¬»òÕßÊÇÆäËûÎÒÄÜÔÚ <I>psql</I> Àï¿ ́μ1⁄2μĶ«Î÷£¿</H4>
+ Äã¿ÉÒÔÔĶÁ <I>psql</I> μÄÔ ́ ́úÂëÎÄ1⁄4þ<I>pgsql/src/bin/psql/describe.c</I> ¡£Ëü°üÀ ̈ÎaÉú3É psql
+ μÄ· ́б ̧ÜÃüÁîμÄÊä3öμÄ SQL ÃüÁî¡£Äã»1¿ÉÒÔ ́ø <I>-E</I> Ñ¡ÏîÆô¶ ̄ <I>psql</I>£¬ÕâÑùËü1⁄2« ́òÓ¡3öÖ ́ÐÐÄã ̧ø3öμÄÃüÁîËùÓÃμÄ2éÑ ̄¡£
+ <H4><a name="4.4"></a>4.4) ÔõÑù ́Ó±íÀïÃæÉ3⁄43ýÒ»ÁУ¿</H4>
+ <P>7.3 ÀïÔö1⁄4ÓÁË <FONT size="-1">ALTER TABLE DROP COLUMN</FONT>£¬ÒÔÖ§3Ö ×ばつö£o</P>
+ <PRE> BEGIN;
LOCK TABLE old_table;
SELECT ... -- select all columns but the one you want to remove
INTO TABLE new_table
@@ -443,31 +531,24 @@
DROP TABLE old_table;
ALTER TABLE new_table RENAME TO old_table;
COMMIT;
-</pre>
-
- <h4><a id="4.5" name="4.5"></a>4.5) Ò»ÐУ¬Ò» ̧ö±í£¬Ò» ×ばつî ́ó3ß ́çÊǶàÉÙ£¿</h4>
- ÏÂÃæÊÇһЩÏÞÖÆ£o
-<pre>
- Ò» ×ばつî ́ó3ß ́磿 ÎÞÏÞÖÆ£ ̈ ́æÔÚ 1TB μÄÊý3⁄4ݿ⣩
- Ò» ×ばつî ́ó3ß ́磿 16TB
- ×ばつî ́ó3ß ́磿 1.6TB
+</PRE>
+ <H4><a name="4.5"></a>4.5) Ò»ÐУ¬Ò» ̧ö±í£¬Ò» ×ばつî ́ó3ß ́çÊǶàÉÙ£¿</H4>
+ ÏÂÃæÊÇһЩÏÞÖÆ£o<PRE> Ò» ×ばつî ́ó3ß ́磿&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ÎÞÏÞÖÆ£ ̈ ́æÔÚ 1TB μÄÊý3⁄4ݿ⣩
+ Ò» ×ばつî ́ó3ß ́磿&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 16TB
+ ×ばつî ́ó3ß ́磿&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;1.6TB
Ò» ×ばつî ́ó3ß ́ç? 1GB
- Ò» ×ばつî ́óÐÐÊý£¿ ÎÞÏÞÖÆ
- Ò» ×ばつî ́óÁÐÊý£¿ ̧úÁÐÀàÐÍÓÐ1Ø,250-1600
- Ò» ×ばつî ́óË÷ÒýÊýÁ¿£¿ÎÞÏÞÖÆ
-</pre>
- μ±È»£¬Êμ1⁄4ÊÉÏûÓÐÕæÕýμÄÎÞÏÞÖÆ£¬»1ÊÇÒaÊÜ¿ÉÓà ́ÅÅÌ¿Õ1⁄4ä¡¢¿ÉÓÃÄÚ ́æ/1⁄2»»»ÇøμÄÖÆÔ1⁄4¡£
-
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-
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-
- <h4><a id="4.6" name="4.6"></a>4.6) ́æ ́¢Ò» ̧öμäÐÍμÄÆ1⁄2ÃæÎÄ1⁄4þÀïμÄÊý3⁄4ÝÐèÒa¶àÉÙ ́ÅÅÌ¿Õ1⁄4䣿</h4>
- Ò» ̧ö Postgres ×ばつî¶à¿ÉÄÜÐèÒaÏàμ±ÓÚÔÚÒ» ̧öÆ1⁄2ÃæÎÄ1⁄4þÀï ́æ ́¢ÏàͬÊý3⁄4ÝμÄ5±¶μÄ ́ÅÅÌ¿Õ1⁄4ä¡£
-
- <p>ÀýÈ磬1⁄4ÙÉèÓÐÒ» ̧ö 100,000 ÐÐμÄÎÄ1⁄4þ£¬Ã¿ÐÐÓÐÒ» ̧öÕûÊýoÍÒ» ̧öÎı3⁄4ÃèÊö¡1ドル⁄4ÙÉèÎı3⁄4 ×ばつÖ1⁄2Ú¡£Æ1⁄2ÃæÎÄ1⁄4þÕ1⁄4Óà 2.8 MB¡£ ́æ·ÅÕâЩÊý3⁄4ÝμÄ PostgreSQL Êý3⁄4Ý¿âÎÄ1⁄4þ ́óÔ1⁄4ÊÇ 6.4 MB:</p>
-<pre>
- 36 ×ばつÖ1⁄2Ú: ÿÐÐμÄÍ·£ ̈1À1⁄4ÆÖ죩
+ Ò» ×ばつî ́óÐÐÊý£¿&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ÎÞÏÞÖÆ
+ Ò» ×ばつî ́óÁÐÊý£¿&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ̧úÁÐÀàÐÍÓÐ1Ø,250-1600
+ Ò» ×ばつî ́óË÷ÒýÊýÁ¿£¿ÎÞÏÞÖÆ</PRE>
+ μ±È»£¬Êμ1⁄4ÊÉÏûÓÐÕæÕýμÄÎÞÏÞÖÆ£¬»1ÊÇÒaÊÜ¿ÉÓà ́ÅÅÌ¿Õ1⁄4ä¡¢¿ÉÓÃÄÚ ́æ/1⁄2»»»ÇøμÄÖÆÔ1⁄4¡£
+ <P>
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+ GB μÄÎÄ1⁄4þ ́æ ́¢£¬Òò ́ËÎÄ1⁄4þÏμÍ33ß ́çμÄÏÞÖÆÊÇ2»ÖØÒaμÄ¡£
+ <P>Èç1ûȱʡμÄ¿é ́óСÔö3¤μ1⁄2 32K ×ばつî ́óμıí3ß ×ばつî ́óÁÐÊý¿ÉÒÔÔö1⁄4Ó¡£</P>
+ <H4><a name="4.6"></a>4.6) ́æ ́¢Ò» ̧öμäÐÍμÄÆ1⁄2ÃæÎÄ1⁄4þÀïμÄÊý3⁄4ÝÐèÒa¶àÉÙ ́ÅÅÌ¿Õ1⁄4䣿</H4>
+ Ò» ̧ö Postgres ×ばつî¶à¿ÉÄÜÐèÒaÏàμ±ÓÚÔÚÒ» ̧öÆ1⁄2ÃæÎÄ1⁄4þÀï ́æ ́¢ÏàͬÊý3⁄4ÝμÄ5±¶μÄ ́ÅÅÌ¿Õ1⁄4ä¡£
+ <P>ÀýÈ磬1⁄4ÙÉèÓÐÒ» ̧ö 100,000 ÐÐμÄÎÄ1⁄4þ£¬Ã¿ÐÐÓÐÒ» ̧öÕûÊýoÍÒ» ̧öÎı3⁄4ÃèÊö¡1ドル⁄4ÙÉèÎı3⁄4 ×ばつÖ1⁄2Ú¡£Æ1⁄2ÃæÎÄ1⁄4þÕ1⁄4ÓÃ&nbsp;2.8 MB¡£ ́æ·ÅÕâЩÊý3⁄4ÝμÄ
+ PostgreSQL Êý3⁄4Ý¿âÎÄ1⁄4þ ́óÔ1⁄4ÊÇ 6.4 MB:<PRE> 36 ×ばつÖ1⁄2Ú: ÿÐÐμÄÍ·£ ̈1À1⁄4ÆÖ죩
24 ×ばつÖ1⁄2Ú: Ò» ̧öin×ばつÖ¶ÎoÍÒ» ×ばつÖ¶Î
+ 4 ×ばつÖ1⁄2Ú: Ò3ÃæÄÚÖ ̧ÏòÔa×ばつéμÄÖ ̧Õë
----------------------------------------
@@ -484,293 +565,275 @@
128 ÐÐÿÒ3
782 Êý3⁄4ÝÒ3 * 8192 ×ばつÖ1⁄2Ú/Ò3 = 6,406,144 ×ばつÖ1⁄2Ú£ ̈6.4 MB£©
-</pre>
-
- <p>Ë÷Òý2»ÐèÒaÕâà ́¶àμĶîÍâÏûoÄ£¬μ«Ò2È·Êμ°üÀ ̈±»Ë÷ÒýμÄÊý3⁄4Ý£¬Òò ́ËËüÃÇÒ2¿ÉÄÜoÜ ́ó¡£</p>
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-
- <h4><a id="4.7" name="4.7"></a>4.7) ÈçoÎ2é¿ ́±í¡¢Ë÷Òý¡¢Êý3⁄4Ý¿âÒÔ1⁄4°Óû§μĶ ̈Ò壿</h4>
- <i> psql</i> ÓÐÐí¶à· ́б ̧ÜÃüÁîÓÃÓÚÏÔÊ3⁄4ÕâЩÐÅÏ¢¡£Óà \? ¿ ́¿ ́¶1⁄4ÓÐÄÄЩ¡£ÒÔ pg_ ́òÍ·μÄÏμÍ3±íÒ2ÃèÊöÁËÕâЩÐÅÏ¢¡£ psql -l ¿ÉÒÔÁÐ3öËùÓÐμÄÊý3⁄4Ý¿â¡£
-
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-
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-
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-
- <p>Ë÷ÒýÍ ̈32ドル»ÓÃÓÚ ORDER BY »òÖ ́ÐÐÁ¬1⁄2Ó¡£¶ÔÒ» ̧ö ́ó±íμÄÒ» ́ÎË3ÐòÉ ×ばつöÒ» ̧öÏÔÊ1⁄2μÄÅÅÐòÍ ̈3£±ÈË÷ÒýÉ ̈ÃèÒa¿ì¡£</p>
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- <p>μ«ÊÇ£¬ÔÚ LIMIT oÍ ORDER BY 1⁄2áoÏÊ1ÓÃʱ3⁄4­3£»áÊ1ÓÃË÷Òý£¬ÒòÎaÖ»»á·μ»Ø±íμÄһС2¿·Ö¡£Êμ1⁄4ÊÉÏ£¬ËäÈ» MAX() oÍ MIN() 22ドル»Ê1ÓÃË÷Òý£¬Í ̈1ý¶Ô ORDER BY oÍ LLIMIT ×ばつî ×ばつîСÖμÒ2ÊÇ¿ÉÒÔμÄ£o<br />
- <br />
- SELECT col<br />
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-
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-
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- <h4><a id="4.9" name="4.9"></a>4.9) ÎÒÈçoÎ2ÅÄÜ¿ ́μ1⁄22éÑ ̄ÓÅ» ̄Æ÷ÊÇÔõÑù ́¦ÀíÎÒμÄ2éÑ ̄μÄ£¿</h4>
- 2ο1⁄4 <font size="-1">EXPLAIN</font> ÊÖ2áÒ3¡£
-
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-
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- Guttman, A. "R-Trees: A Dynamic Index Structure for Spatial Searching." Proc of the 1984 ACM SIGMOD Int'l Conf on Mgmt of Data, 45-57.<br />
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- <h4><a id="4.13" name="4.13"></a>4.13) ÔÚÒ» ̧ö2éÑ ̄ÀÎÒÔõÑù1⁄4ì2âÒ» ×ばつÖ¶ÎÊÇ·ñÎa NULL£¿</h4>
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- <p> ÀàÐÍ ÄÚ2¿Ãû3Æ ËμÃ÷<br />
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+</PRE>
+ <P>Ë÷Òý2»ÐèÒaÕâà ́¶àμĶîÍâÏûoÄ£¬μ«Ò2È·Êμ°üÀ ̈±»Ë÷ÒýμÄÊý3⁄4Ý£¬Òò ́ËËüÃÇÒ2¿ÉÄÜoÜ ́ó¡£</P>
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+ <H4><a name="4.7"></a>4.7)
+ ÈçoÎ2é¿ ́±í¡¢Ë÷Òý¡¢Êý3⁄4Ý¿âÒÔ1⁄4°Óû§μĶ ̈Ò壿</H4>
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+ ¿ÉÒÔÁÐ3öËùÓÐμÄÊý3⁄4Ý¿â¡£
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+ SELECT</FONT>¡£
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+ <P>
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+ <P>
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+ ORDER BY oÍ LLIMIT ×ばつî ×ばつîСÖμÒ2ÊÇ¿ÉÒÔμÄ£o<BR>
+ <BR>
+ &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; SELECT col<BR>
+ &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; FROM tab<BR>
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+ &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; LIMIT 1;
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+ <li>LIKE Ä£Ê1⁄22»ÄÜÒÔ % ́òÍ·¡£</li><li>~ £ ̈ÕýÔò±í ́ïÊ1⁄2£©Ä£Ê1⁄2±ØÐëÒÔ ^ ́òÍ·¡£</li>
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+ <H4><a name="4.9"></a>4.9)
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+ 2ο1⁄4 <FONT size="-1">EXPLAIN</FONT> ÊÖ2áÒ3¡£
+ <H4><a name="4.10"></a>4.10) R-tree Ë÷ÒýÊÇÊ2à ́£¿</H4>
+ <P>R-tree Ë÷ÒýÓÃÓÚË÷Òý¿Õ1⁄4äÊý3⁄4Ý¡£Ò» ̧ö1þÏ£Ë÷ÒýÎÞ· ̈ ́¦Àí·¶Î§ËÑË÷¡£¶ø B-tree Ë÷ÒýÖ»ÄÜ ́¦ÀíһάμÄ·¶Î§ËÑË÷¡£R-tree
+ Ë÷Òý¿ÉÒÔ ́¦Àí¶àάÊý3⁄4Ý¡£ÀýÈ磬Èç1û¿ÉÒÔÔÚÒ» ̧öÀàÐÍÎa point ×ばつÖ¶ÎÉÏ1⁄2 ̈Á¢Ò» ̧ö R-tree Ë÷Òý£¬ÄÇà ́ÏμÍ3ÄÜ ̧ü ̧ßЧμØ»Ø ́ðÀàËÆ
+ ¡°Ñ¡ÔñÔÚÒ» ̧ö3¤·1⁄2Ðη¶Î§ÄÚμÄËùÓÐμ㡱¡£<BR>
+ <BR>
+ ×ばつî3õμÄ R-Tree Éè1⁄4ÆμÄÕýÊ1⁄2ÂÛÎÄÊÇ£o<BR>
+ <BR>
+ Guttman, A. "R-Trees: A Dynamic Index Structure for Spatial Searching." Proc of
+ the 1984 ACM SIGMOD Int'l Conf on Mgmt of Data, 45-57.
+ <BR>
+ <BR>
+ Äã»1¿ÉÒÔÔÚ Stonebraker μÄ¡°Readings in Database Systems¡±ÀïÕÒμ1⁄2ÕâÆaÎÄÕ¡£<BR>
+ <BR>
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+ ÐèÒaÒ»¶ ×ばつöμÄÎÄμμ¡£<H4><a name="4.11"></a>4.11)
+ Ê2à ́ÊÇ»ùÒò2éÑ ̄ÓÅ» ̄£ ̈Genetic Query Optimization£©£¿</H4>
+ <P>GEQO Ä£¿é2ÉÓûùÒòËã· ̈£ ̈Genetic Algorithm£¬GA£©1⁄4Ó¿ì¶à±íÁ¬1⁄2ÓμÄ2éÑ ̄ÓÅ» ̄¡£ËüÔÊÐíÍ ̈1ý·ÇÇî3⁄4ÙËÑË÷ ́¦Àí ́óμÄÁ¬1⁄2Ó2éÑ ̄¡£
+ <H4><a name="4.12"></a>4.12)
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+ <br>
+ ́óСР́ÎÞ1ØμÄμÈÊ1⁄2±È1⁄2ÏÍ ̈3£Ð ×ばつö£o<br>
+ <br>
+ &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; SELECT *<br>
+ &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; FROM tab<br>
+ &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; WHERE lower(col) = 'abc';<br>
+ <br>
+ ×ばつ1⁄4μÄË÷Òý¡£μ«ÊÇ¿ÉÒÔ ́ ́1⁄2 ̈Ò» ̧ö¿É±»ÀûÓÃμÄo ̄ÊýË÷Òý:<br>
+ <br>
+ &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; CREATE INDEX tabindex ON tab (lower(col));</p>
+ <h4><a name="4.13"></a>4.13) ÔÚÒ» ̧ö2éÑ ̄ÀÎÒÔõÑù1⁄4ì2âÒ» ×ばつÖ¶ÎÊÇ·ñÎa NULL£¿</h4>
+ <p>Óà IS NULL oÍ IS NOT NULL 2âÊÔÕâ ×ばつֶΡ£&nbsp;<br>
+ </p>
+ <h4><a name="4.14"></a>4.14) ×ばつÖ·ûÀàÐÍÖ®1⁄4äÓÐÊ2à ́2»Í¬£¿</h4>
+ <p>&nbsp; ÀàÐÍ&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
+ ÄÚ2¿Ãû3Æ&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
+ ËμÃ÷<br>
+ &nbsp; --------------------------------------------------<br>
+ &nbsp; "char"&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; char&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
+ 1 ×ばつÖ·û character<br>
+ &nbsp; CHAR(#)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; bpchar&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
+ ¶ ×ばつÖ·û ×ばつ㶠̈Òå3¤¶Èʱ£¬ÒÔ¿Õ ̧ñ21Æë<br>
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+ &nbsp; TEXT&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; text&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
+ ×ばつî ́ó3¤¶ÈÏÞÖÆ<br>
+ &nbsp; BYTEA&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; bytea&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
+ ×ばつÖ1⁄2ÚÐòÁУ ̈±ä3¤μĶþ1⁄2øÖÆÊý3⁄4Ý£©<br>
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+ <br>
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+ <br>
+ CHAR(n) ×ばつîÊÊoÏÓÚ ́æ ×ばつÖ·û ́®¡£VARCHAR(n) ÔÚ ́æ ×ばつî ×ばつÖ·û ×ばつîoÃμÄ¡£TEXT ÊÊÓÃÓÚ ́æ ×ばつÖ·û ×ばつî ́ó¿É ́ï 1G¡£BYTEA ÓÃÓÚ ́æ ́¢¶þ1⁄2øÖÆÊý3⁄4Ý£¬ÓÈÆäÊÇ°üo¬ NULL ×ばつÖ1⁄2Ú£ ̈¶þ1⁄2øÖÆμÄ0£©μÄÖμ¡£ÕâЩÀàÐÍ3⁄4ßÓÐÀàÐÍμÄÐÔÄÜ¡£</p>
+ <h4><a name="4.15.1"></a>4.15.1) ÎÒÔõÑù ́ ́1⁄2 ̈Ò» ×ばつÔ¶ ×ばつֶΣ¿</h4>
+ <p>PostgreSQL Ö§3Ö SERIAL ×ばつÔ¶ ̄ ́ ́1⁄2 ̈Ò» ̧öÐòÁÐoÍË÷Òý¡£ÀýÈ磬<br>
+ &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; CREATE TABLE person (&nbsp;<br>
+ &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; id SERIAL,&nbsp;<br>
+ &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; name TEXT&nbsp;<br>
+ &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; );<br>
+ <br>
+ ×ばつÔ¶ ×ばつa»»Îa£o&nbsp;<br>
+ &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<br>
+ &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; CREATE SEQUENCE person_id_seq;<br>
+ &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; CREATE TABLE person (&nbsp;<br>
+ &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; id INT4 NOT NULL DEFAULT nextval('person_id_seq'),<br>
+ &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; name TEXT&nbsp;<br>
+ &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; );<br>
+ &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; CREATE UNIQUE INDEX person_id_key ON person ( id );<br>
+ <br>
+ 2ο1⁄4 create_sequence ÊÖ2áÒ3»ñÈ¡1ØÓÚÐòÁÐμÄ ̧ü¶àÐÅÏ¢¡£Äã»1¿ÉÒÔÓÃÿÐÐμÄ oid ×ばつ÷ÎaÒ» ̧öÎ ̈Ò»Öμ¡2ドル»1ý£¬Èç1ûÄãÐèÒaÇãμ1oÍÖØÔØÊý3⁄4ݿ⣬ÄãÐèÒaÊ1Óà pg_dump μÄ -o Ñ¡Ïî»òÕß COPY WITH OIDS Ñ¡ÏîÒÔ±£Áô OID¡£&nbsp;</p>
+ <h4><a name="4.15.2"></a>4.15.2)
+ ÎÒÈçoλñμÃÒ» ̧ö2åÈëμÄÐòÁÐoÅμÄÖμ£¿</h4>
+ <p>Ò»ÖÖ·1⁄2· ̈ÊÇÔÚ2åÈë֮ǰÏÈÓÃo ̄Êý nextval() ́ÓÐòÁжÔÏóÀï1⁄4ìË÷3öÏÂÒ» ̧ö SERIAL Öμ£¬È»oóÔÙÏÔÊ1⁄22åÈë¡£Ê1ÓÃ
+ <a href="#4.15.1"> 4.15.1</a> ÀïμÄÀý±í£¬¿ÉÓÃαÂëÕâÑùÃèÊö£o&nbsp;<br>
+ <br>
+ &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; new_id = execute("SELECT nextval('person_id_seq')");<br>
+ &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; execute("INSERT INTO person (id, name) VALUES (new_id, 'Blaise Pascal')");<br>
+ <br>
+ ÕâÑù»1ÄÜÔÚÆäËû2éÑ ̄ÖÐÊ1Óà ́æ·ÅÔÚ new_id ÀïμÄÐÂÖμ£ ×ばつ÷Îa person ×ばつÔ¶ ̄ ́ ́1⁄2 ̈μÄ SEQUENCE ¶ÔÏóμÄÃû3Æ1⁄2«»áÊÇ &lt;table>_&lt;serialcolumn>_seq£¬ÕâÀï table oÍ serialcolumn ·Ö±ðÊÇÄãμıíμÄÃû3ÆoÍÄãμÄ SERIAL ×ばつÖ¶ÎμÄÃû3Æ¡£&nbsp;<br>
+ <br>
+ ÀàËÆμÄ£¬ÔÚ SERIAL ¶ÔÏóȱʡ2åÈëoóÄã¿ÉÒÔÓÃo ̄Êý currval() 1⁄4ìË÷ ̧Õ ̧3ÖμμÄ SERIAL Ö죬ÀýÈ磬&nbsp;<br>
+ <br>
+ &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; execute("INSERT INTO person (name) VALUES ('Blaise Pascal')");<br>
+ &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; new_id = execute("SELECT currval('person_id_seq')");<br>
+ <br>
+ ×ばつîoó£¬Äã¿ÉÒÔÊ1Óà ́Ó INSERT Óï3⁄4ä·μ»ØμÄ <a href="4.16">OID</a>
+ ×ばつîȱ·¦ÒÆÖ2ÐÔμÄ·1⁄2· ̈¡£ÔÚ Perl ÀÊ1Óà ́øÓÐ Edmund Mergl μÄ DBD::Pg Ä£¿éμÄ DBI£¬oid Öμ¿ÉÒÔÍ ̈1ý $sth->execute() oóμÄ $sth->{pg_oid_status} »ñμá£&nbsp;</p>
+ <h4><a name="4.15.3"></a>4.15.3) Ê1Óà currval() oÍ nextval() »áμ1⁄4ÖÂÒ» ̧öÓëÆäËûÓû§Ö®1⁄4äμÄÎÉÂÒÇé¿öÂð£¿</h4>
+ <p>2»»á¡£currval() ·μ»ØoóÌ ̈1⁄2ø3̶ø2»ÊÇËùÓÐÓû§ ̧3ÓèμÄμ±Ç°Öμ¡£<br>
+ </p>
+ <h4><a name="4.15.4"></a>4.15.4)
+ ÎaÊ2à ́2»ÔÚÊÂÎñÒì3£ÖÐÖ1oóÖØÓÃÐòÁÐoÅÄØ£¿ÎaÊ2à ×ばつÖ¶ÎμÄÈ¡ÖμÖÐ ́æÔÚ1⁄4ä¶ÏÄØ£¿</h4>
+ <p>ÎaÁËÌá ̧ß2¢·¢ÐÔ£¬ÐòÁÐoÅÔÚÐèÒaμÄʱoò ̧3ÓèÕýÔÚÔËÐÐμÄÊÂÎñ£¬2¢ÇÒÖ»ÔÚÊÂÎñ1⁄2áÊø֮ǰ2»·âËø¡£Õâ3⁄4Í»áμ1⁄4ÖÂØ2ÕÛÊÂÎñoóμÄÐòÁÐoÅ3öÏÖ1⁄4ä ̧ô¡£</p>
+ <h4><br>
+ <a name="4.16"></a>4.16) Ê2à ́ÊÇ OID£¿Ê2à ́ÊÇ TID£¿</h4>
+ <p>OID ÊÇ PostgreSQL ÖÐÐÐμÄÎ ̈Ò»±êʶ¡£PostgreSQL Àï ́ ́1⁄2 ̈μÄÿһÐж1⁄4»ñμÃÒ» ̧öÎ ̈Ò»μÄ OID¡£ËùÓÐÔÚ initdb 1ý3ÌÖÐ ́ ́1⁄2 ̈μÄ OID ¶1⁄4СÓÚ 16384 £ ̈2Î1⁄4û include/access/transam.h£©¡£ËùÓÐÓû§ ́ ́1⁄2 ̈μÄ OID ¶1⁄4 ́óÓÚ»òμÈÓÚÕâ ̧öÖμ¡£È±Ê¡Ê±£¬ËùÓÐÕâЩ OID 2»1⁄2öÔÚÒ» ̧ö±í»òÒ» ̧öÊý3⁄4Ý¿âÀïÃæÎ ̈Ò»£¬¶øÇÒÔÚÕû ̧ö PostgreSQL ×ばつ°ÀïÒ2ÊÇÎ ̈Ò»μÄ¡£&nbsp;<br>
+ <br>
+ PostgreSQL ÔÚËüμÄÄÚ2¿ÏμÍ3±íÀïÊ1Óà OID ÔÚ±íÖ®1⁄4ä1⁄2 ̈Á¢ÁaÏμ¡£ÕâЩ OID ¿ÉÒÔÓÃÓÚ±êʶÌض ̈μÄÓû§ÐÐÒÔ1⁄4°ÓÃÔÚÁ¬1⁄2ÓÀï¡1ドル⁄2 ×ばつÖ¶ÎÀàÐÍ OID ́æ ́¢ OID Öμ¡£¿ÉÒÔÔÚ OID ×ばつÖ¶ÎÉÏ ́ ́1⁄2 ̈Ò» ̧öË÷ÒýÒÔ¿ìËÙ·ÃÎÊ¡£&nbsp;<br>
+ <br>
+ OID ́ÓÒ» ̧ö±»ËùÓÐÊý3⁄4Ý¿âÊ1ÓÃμÄÖÐÐÄÇøÓòÀï ̧3Öμ ̧øËùÓÐÐÂÐС£Èç1ûÄãÏë°Ñ OID ×ばつöÒ»·Ý±íμÄ ́øÔ­Ê1⁄4 OID μÄ¿1⁄2± ×ばつöμ1⁄2£o&nbsp;<br>
+ <br>
+ &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; CREATE TABLE new(old_oid oid, mycol int);<br>
+ &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; SELECT old_oid, mycol INTO new FROM old;<br>
+ &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; COPY new TO '/tmp/pgtable';<br>
+ &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; DELETE FROM new;<br>
+ &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; COPY new WITH OIDS FROM '/tmp/pgtable';<br>
+ <br>
+ OID ×ばつÖ1⁄2ÚμÄÕûÊý±£ ́棬ÔÚ3¬1ý40ÒÚʱ1⁄2«Òç3ö¡£Ã»ÓÐÈ˱ ̈ ̧æ3öÏÖ1ýÒç3ö£¬¶øÎÒÃÇ ́òËãÔÚÓÐÈ˱ ̈ ̧æ֮ǰÏû3ýÕâ ̧öÏÞÖÆ¡£<br>
+ <br>
+ TID ÓÃÓÚ±êʶ ×ばつÅÊý3⁄4Ý¿é£ ̈μØÖ·£©oÍ£ ̈¿éÄÚ£©Æ«ÒÆμÄÌض ̈μÄÎïÀíÐС£TID ÔÚÐб» ̧ü ̧Ä»òÖØÔØoó·¢Éú ̧ı䡣Ë÷ÒýÈë¿ÚÊ1ÓÃËüÃÇÖ ̧ÏòÎïÀíÐС£</p>
+ <h4><a name="4.17"></a>4.17) PostgreSQL Ê1ÓÃμÄһЩÊõÓïμÄo¬ÒåÊÇÊ2à ́£¿</h4>
+ <p>Ò»Ð©Ô ́ ́úÂëoÍһЩ3⁄4ÉÒ»μãμÄÎÄμμÊ1ÓÃһЩÓÐ ̧ü3£ÓÃÓ÷ ̈μÄÊõÓï¡£ÏÂÃæÊÇÆäÖÐÒ»2¿·Ö£o&nbsp;<br>
+ &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; table, relation, class&nbsp;<br>
+ &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; row, record, tuple&nbsp;<br>
+ &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; column, field, attribute&nbsp;<br>
+ &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; retrieve, select&nbsp;<br>
+ &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; replace, update&nbsp;<br>
+ &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; append, insert&nbsp;<br>
+ &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; OID, serial value&nbsp;<br>
+ &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; portal, cursor&nbsp;<br>
+ &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; range variable, table name, table alias&nbsp;<br>
+ <br>
+ ÓÐÒ» ̧öÍ ̈ÓÃÊý3⁄4Ý¿âÊõÓïμÄÁбí£o<a href="http://hea-www.harvard.edu/MST/simul/software/docs/pkgs/pgsql/glossary/glossary.html">http://hea-www.harvard.edu/MST/simul/software/docs/pkgs/pgsql/glossary/glossary.html</a>
+ ¡£&nbsp;&nbsp;</p>
+ <h4><a name="4.18"></a>4.18)
+ ÎaÊ2à ́ÎÒÊÕμ1⁄2 ́íÎó¡°<i>ERROR: Memory exhausted in AllocSetAlloc()</i>¡±£¿</h4>
+ <p>ÕâoÜ¿ÉÄÜÊÇÏμÍ3μÄÐéÄâÄÚ ×ばつÊÔ ́ÓÐ1⁄2ÏμÍμÄÏÞÖÆÖμ¡£ÔÚÆô¶ ̄ postmaster ֮ǰÊÔÊÔÏÂÃæμÄÃüÁî£o&nbsp;<br>
+ <br>
+ &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ulimit -d 262144<br>
+ &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; limit datasize 256m<br>
+ <br>
+ È¡3⁄4öÓÚÄãÓÃμÄ shell£¬ÉÏÃæÃüÁîÖ»ÓÐÒ»ÌõÄÜ3É1¦£¬μ«ÊÇËü1⁄2«°ÑÄãμÄ1⁄2ø3ÌÊý3⁄4ݶÎÏÞÖÆÉèμñÈ1⁄2Ï ̧ߣ¬Òò¶øÒ2ÐíÄÜÈÃ2éÑ ̄Íê3É¡£ÕâÌõÃüÁîÓ¦ÓÃÓÚμ±Ç°1⁄2ø3Ì£¬ÒÔ1⁄4°ËùÓÐÔÚÕâÌõÃüÁîÔËÐÐoó ́ ́1⁄2 ×ばつÓ1⁄2ø3Ì¡£Èç1ûÄãÊÇÔÚÔËÐÐSQL¿Í»§¶ËʱÒòÎaoóÌ ̈·μ»ØÁËÌ«¶àμÄÊý3⁄4ݶø3öÏÖÎÊÌ⣬ÇëÔÚÔËÐпͻ§¶ËÖ®Ç°Ö ́ÐÐÉÏÊöÃüÁî¡£</p>
+ <h4><a name="4.19"></a>4.19)
+ ÎÒÈçoÎ2ÅÄÜÖaμÀËùÔËÐÐμÄ PostgreSQL μÄ°æ±3⁄4£¿</h4>
+ <p> ́Ó psql À1⁄4üÈë SELECT version()£»<br>
+ </p>
+ <h4><a name="4.20"></a>4.20)
+ ÎaÊ2à ́ÎÒμÄ ×ばつ÷μ1⁄4Ö ́íÎó¡°<I>invalid large obj descriptor¡±£ ̈·Ç· ̈μÄ ́ó¶ÔÏóÃèÊö·û£©</I>£¿</h4>
+ <p>ÄãÐèÒaÔÚÊ1ÓÃÈÎoÎ ́ó¶ÔÏó3⁄4ä±úμÄÇ°oó·ÅÉÏ BEGIN WORK oÍ COMMIT£¬Ò23⁄4ÍÊÇË죬°üΧ lo_open ... lo_close¡£&nbsp;<br>
+ <br>
+ Ä¿Ç° PostgreSQL Ç¿ÖÆÊμÊ©ÕâÌõ1æÔò£oÔÚÊÂÎñÌá1⁄2»Ê±1Ø±Õ ́ó¶ÔÏó3⁄4ä±ú£¬ÕâÑù£¬£ ×ばつ ́Î¶Ô ×ばつöÈÎoÎÊÂÇéμÄÆóÍ1⁄4¶1⁄4»áμ1⁄4ÖÂÒ» ̧ö invalid large obj descriptor¡£ËùÒÔ£¬Èç1ûÄãûÓÐÊ1ÓÃÒ» ×ばつ÷μÄ ́úÂë£ ̈ÖÁÉÙÊÇ ́ó¶àÊýʱ1⁄4䣩1⁄2«»áÉú3ÉÕâà ́Ò» ̧ö ́íÎóÐÅÏ¢¡£&nbsp;<br>
+ <br>
+ Èç1ûÄãÊ1Óÿͻ§¶Ë1⁄2Ó¿Ú£¬Èç ODBC£¬Äã¿ÉÄÜÐèÒa set auto-commit off¡£</p>
+ <h4><a name="4.21"></a>4.21) ÎÒÈçoÎ ́ ́1⁄2 ̈Ò» ×ばつֶΣ¿</h4>
+ <p>Ê1ÓÃ CURRENT_TIMESTAMP£o<br>
+ <br>
+ &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; CREATE TABLE test(x int, modtime timestamp DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP);</p>
+ <h4><a name="4.22"></a>4.22) ÎaÊ2à ́Ê1Óà IN ×ばつÓ2éÑ ̄Õâà ́Âý£¿</h4>
+ <p>Ä¿Ç°£¬ÎÒÃÇÍ ̈1ýÎaÍâ2éÑ ̄μÄÿһÐÐË3ÐòÉ ×ばつÓ2éÑ ̄μÄ1⁄2á1ûÀ ×ばつÓ2éÑ ̄oÍÍâ2éÑ ×ばつÓ2éÑ ̄·μ»ØÉÙÊý1⁄4 ̧ÐУ¬¶øÍâ2éÑ ̄·μ»ØoܶàÐУ¬IN Ö ́ÐÐμÃoÜ¿ì¡£ÎaÁË1⁄4Ó¿ìÆäËû IN 2éÑ ̄μÄÖ ́ÐУ¬¿ÉÒÔÓà EXISTS Ìæ»» IN£o&nbsp;<br>
+ <br>
+ &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; SELECT *<br>
+ &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; FROM tab<br>
+ &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; WHERE col IN (SELECT subcol FROM subtab);<br>
+ <br>
+ ̧ÄÎa£o&nbsp;<br>
+ <br>
+ &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; SELECT *<br>
+ &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; FROM tab<br>
+ &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; WHERE EXISTS (SELECT subcol FROM subtab WHERE subcol = col);<br>
+ <br>
+ oóÕßÒaÏëÖ ́ÐÐμà ̧ü¿ì£¬subcol Ó¦ ̧ÃÊÇÒ» ̧öË÷ÒýÁС£ÎÒÃÇÏ£ÍûÔÚÎ ́À ́μÄ·21ドル⁄4°æ±3⁄4ÖÐÐÞ21Õâ ̧öÏÞÖÆ¡£</p>
+ <h4><a name="4.23"></a>4.23) ÎÒÔõÑù1⁄2øÐÐ outer join £ ̈ÍâÁ¬1⁄2Ó£©£¿</h4>
+ <p>PostgreSQL ×ばつ1⁄4μÄ SQL Óï· ̈Ö§3ÖÍâÁ¬1⁄2Ó¡£ÕâÀïÊÇÁ1⁄2 ×ばつÓ£o<br>
+ <br>
+ &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; SELECT *<br>
+ &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; FROM t1 LEFT OUTER JOIN t2 ON (t1.col = t2.col);<br>
+ <br>
+ »ò&nbsp;<br>
+ &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; SELECT *<br>
+ &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; FROM t1 LEFT OUTER JOIN t2 USING (col);<br>
+ <br>
+ ÕâÁ1⁄2 ̧öμÈ1⁄4ÛμÄ2éÑ ̄ÔÚ t1.col oÍ t2.col ×ばつöÁ¬1⁄2Ó£¬2¢ÇÒ·μâ»?t1 ÖÐËùÓÐÎ ́Á¬1⁄2ÓμÄÐУ ̈ÄÇЩÔÚ t2 ÖÐûÓÐÆ\ÅäμÄÐУ©¡£ÓÒ[Íâ]Á¬1⁄2Ó(RIGHT OUTER JOIN)1⁄2«·μ»Ø t2 ÖÐÎ ́Á¬1⁄2ÓμÄÐС£ÍêÈ«ÍâÁ¬1⁄2Ó£ ̈FULL OUTER JOIN£©1⁄2«·μ»Ø t1 oÍ t2 ÖÐÎ ×ばつÖ OUTER ×ばつó[Íâ]Á¬1⁄2Ó¡¢ÓÒ[Íâ]Á¬1⁄2ÓoÍÍêÈ«[Íâ]Á¬1⁄2ÓÖÐÊÇ¿ÉÑ¡μÄ£¬ÆÕÍ ̈Á¬1⁄2Ó±»3ÉÎaÄÚÁ¬1⁄2Ó£ ̈INNER JOIN£©¡£<br>
+ <br>
+ ÔÚ ́ËÇ°μÄ°æ±3⁄4ÖУ¬ÍâÁ¬1⁄2Ó¿ÉÒÔÓà UNION oÍ NOT IN À ×ばつÓÔÚ±í tab1 oÍ tab2 ×ばつöÍâÁ¬1⁄2Ó£o<br>
+ <br>
+ &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; SELECT tab1.col1, tab2.col2<br>
+ &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; FROM tab1, tab2<br>
+ &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; WHERE tab1.col1 = tab2.col1<br>
+ <br>
+ &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; UNION ALL<br>
+ <br>
+ &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; SELECT tab1.col1, NULL<br>
+ &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; FROM tab1<br>
+ &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; WHERE tab1.col1 NOT IN (SELECT tab2.col1 FROM tab2)<br>
+ &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ORDER BY col1</p>
+ <h4><a name="4.24"></a>4.24)
+ ÈçoÎÊ1ÓÃÉæ1⁄4°¶à ̧öÊý3⁄4Ý¿âμÄ2éÑ ̄£¿</h4>
+ <p>ûÓÐ°ì· ̈2éÑ ̄μ±Ç°Êý3⁄4Ý¿âÖ®ÍâμÄÊý3⁄4Ý¿â¡£ÒòÎa PostgreSQL 1⁄4ÓÔØÊý3⁄4Ý¿âÏà1ØμÄÏμÍ3Ä¿Â1⁄4£ ̈ÏμÍ3±í£©£¬¿çÊý3⁄4Ý¿âμÄ2éÑ ̄ÈçoÎÖ ́ÐÐÒ2Î ́Ã÷È·¡£<br>
+ <br>
+ contrib/dblink ÔÊÐí2ÉÓÃo ̄Êýμ÷ÓÃÊμÏÖ¿ç¿â2éÑ ̄¡£μ±È»¿ÉÒÔͬʱÁ¬1⁄2Óμ1⁄22»Í¬μÄÊý3⁄4Ý¿â2¢ÔÚ¿Í»§¶ËoÏ21ドル⁄2á1û¡£</p>
+ <h4><a name="4.25"></a>4.25)
+ ÈçoÎÈÃo ̄Êý·μ»Ø¶àÐлò¶àÁУ¿</h4>
+ <p>¿ÉÒÔÔÚ PL/pgSQL o ̄ÊýÖÐÊ1Óà refcursors ·μ»Ø1⁄2á1û1⁄4 ̄¡2ドルο ́
+ <a href="http://www.PostgreSQL.org/idocs/index.php?plpgsql-cursors.html"> http://www.PostgreSQL.org/idocs/index.php?plpgsql-cursors.html</a>, 23.7.3.31⁄2Ú¡£<br>
+ </p>
+ <h4><a name="4.26"></a>4.26) ÎaÊ2Ã ́ÔÚ
+ PL/PgSQL o ̄ÊýÖÐ2»ÄÜ¿É¿¿μØ ́ ́1⁄2 ̈»òÉ3⁄43ýÁÙʱ±í£¿</h4>
+ <p>PL/PgSQL
+ »o ́æo ̄ÊýμÄÄÚÈÝ£¬ÓÉ ́Ë ́øÀ ́μÄÒ» ̧ö2»oÃμÄ ×ばつ÷ÓÃÊÇÈôÒ» ̧ö PL/PgSQL
+ o ̄Êý·ÃÎÊÁËÒ» ̧öÁÙʱ±í£¬È»oó ̧Ã±í±»É3⁄43ý2¢ÖØ1⁄2 ̈ÁË£¬ÔòÔÙ ́Îμ÷Óà ̧Ão ̄Êý1⁄2«Ê§°Ü£¬ÒòÎa»o ́æμÄo ̄ÊýÄÚÈÝÈÔÈ»Ö ̧Ïò3⁄4ÉμÄÁÙʱ±í¡1ドル⁄2â3⁄4öμÄ·1⁄2· ̈ÊÇÔÚ
+ PL/PgSQL ÖÐÓÃ EXECUTE
+ ¶ÔÁÙʱ±í1⁄2øÐзÃÎÊ¡£ÕâÑù»á±£Ö¤2éÑ ̄ÔÚÖ ×ばつÜÊÇÖØзÖÎö¡£</p>
+ <h4><a name="4.27"></a>4.27)
+ ÓÐÄÄЩÊý3⁄4Ý ̧ ́ÖÆÑ¡Ï</h4>
+ <p>ÓÐ1⁄4 ̧ÖÖÖ÷/ ́Ó·1⁄2Ê1⁄2μÄ ̧ ́ÖÆÑ¡Ïî¡£ÕâЩѡÏîÖ»ÔÊÐíÖ÷Êý3⁄4Ý¿â1⁄2øÐÐ ̧üУ¬ ́ÓÊý3⁄4Ý¿âÖ»ÄÜ1⁄2øÐжÁ¡£ÍøÒ3
+ <a href="http://gborg.PostgreSQL.org/genpage?replication_research">http://gborg.PostgreSQL.org/genpage?replication_research</a>&nbsp;
+ ×ばつîoóÁÐ3öÁËÕâЩѡÏî¡£ÔÚ <a href="http://gborg.PostgreSQL.org/project/pgreplication/projdisplay.php"> http://gborg.PostgreSQL.org/project/pgreplication/projdisplay.php</a>
+ ÕýÔÚ1⁄2øÐÐÒ» ̧ö¶àÖ÷±3⁄4 ̧ ́ÖÆμÄ1⁄2â3⁄4ö·1⁄2° ̧¡£</p>
+ <h4><a name="4.28"></a>4.28)
+ ÓÐÄÄЩÊý3⁄4Ý1⁄4ÓÃÜÑ¡Ï
+ </h4>
+ <p>contrib/pgcrypto °üo¬ÁËoܶàÔÚ SQL
+ 2éÑ ̄ÖÐÊ1ÓÃμÄ1⁄4ÓÃÜo ̄Êý¡1ドル⁄4ÓÃÜ¿Í»§¶Ëμ1⁄2·þÎñÆ÷¶Ë ́«ÊäÊý3⁄4ÝμÄÎ ̈Ò»·1⁄2· ̈ÊÇÔÚ pg_hba.conf
+ ÖÐ2ÉÓÃ hostss ¡£&nbsp;<br>
+ <br>
+ 7.3
+ ×ばつÔ¶ ̄¶ÔÊý3⁄4Ý¿âÓû§ÃÜÂë1⁄2øÐÐ1⁄4ÓÃÜ¡£ÔÚÒÔÇ°μÄ°æ±3⁄4ÖУ¬±ØÐëÔÚ
+ postgresql.conf ÖÐ ́ò¿a PASSWORD_ENCRYPTION
+ Ñ¡Ïî¡£·þÎñÆ÷¿ÉÒÔÔËÐÐÔÚ1⁄4ÓÃÜμÄÎÄ1⁄4þÏμÍ3ÉÏ£ ̈ÒÔ ́ïμ1⁄21⁄4ÓÃÜμÄÄ¿μÄ£©¡£<br>
+ <br>
+ --------------------------------------------------------------------------------</p>
+ <h2 align="center">À©Õ1 PostgreSQL</h2>
+ <h4><a name="5.1"></a>5.1)
+ ÎÒÐ ́ÁËÒ» ̧öÓû§¶ ̈Òåo ̄Êý¡£μ±ÎÒÔÚ psql ÀïÔËÐÐʱ£¬ÎaÊ2à ́»áμ1⁄4Ö core dump£¿</h4>
+ <p>2úÉúÕâ ̧öÎÊÌâμÄÔ­ÒòoܶࡣÇëÏÈÔÚÒ» ×ばつÔ¶ ̈Òåo ̄Êý¡£</p>
+ <h4><a name="5.2"></a>5.2) ÎÒÈçoÎÄÜ ̧ø
+ PostgreSQL ×ばつһЩͦ2» ́íμÄÐÂÀàÐÍoÍo ̄Êý£¿</h4>
+ <p>1⁄2«ÄãμÄÀ©Õ1·¢ËÍμ1⁄2 pgsql-hackers
+ ×ばつîÖջᱻ·Åμ1⁄2 contrib/ ×ばつÓÄ¿Â1⁄4¡£<br>
+ </p>
+ <h4><a name="5.3"></a>5.3) ÎÒÔõÑùÐ ́Ò» ̧ö·μ»ØÒ»ÌõÔa×ばつéμÄ C o ̄Êý£¿</h4>
+ <p>ÔÚ PostgreSQL 7.3 ÒÔoóμÄ°æ±3⁄4ÖУ¬C, PL/PgSQL oÍ SQL
+ ÍêÈ«Ö§3Ö·μ»ØÖμÎa±íμÄo ̄Êý¡£ ̧ü¶àÐÅÏ¢Çë2ο1⁄4
+ 3ÌÐòÔ±Ö ̧ÄÏ£ ̈the Programmer's Guide£©¡£ÔÚ contrib/tablefunc
+ ÖÐÓÐÒ» ×ばつÓÊÇÓà C Ð ́μÄ·μ»ØÖμÎa±íμÄo ̄Êý¡£</p>
+ <h4><a name="5.4"></a>5.4)
+ ÎÒÐÞ ̧ÄÁËÒ» ̧öÔ ́ÎÄ1⁄4þ£¬ÎaÊ2à ́ÖØбàÒëoóûÓп ́μ1⁄2 ̧ı䣿</h4>
+ <p> Makefiles ×ばつömake
+ clean£¬ ×ばつöÒ» ́Î make ¡£Èç1ûÄúÊ1ÓÃμÄÊÇ GCC
+ £¬Ôò¿ÉÒÔ2ÉÓÃÑ¡Ïî --enable-depend
+ ×ばつÔ¶ ̄Éú3ÉÍ·ÎÄ1⁄4þμÄÒÀÀμ1ØÏμ¡£</p>
+ </BODY>
+</HTML>
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