I don't believe this is true. Since the Java source is compiled to native code, there's no need to create a VM as there is no byte code to interpret. Cheers, Shaun > I am not that familiar with CNI, but surely you must > initialise the Java runtime: >> http://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/gcj/Invocation.html >> (See also the example at the bottom.) >> Hope this helps, > Ranjit.