Brown greater galago prosimian foamy virus
| Prosimiispumavirus otocra | |
|---|---|
| A brown greater galago | |
| Virus classification Edit this classification | |
| (unranked): | Virus |
| Realm: | Riboviria |
| Kingdom: | Pararnavirae |
| Phylum: | Artverviricota |
| Class: | Revtraviricetes |
| Order: | Ortervirales |
| Family: | Retroviridae |
| Subfamily: | Spumaretrovirinae |
| Genus: | Prosimiispumavirus |
| Species: | Prosimiispumavirus otocra
|
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Prosimiispumavirus otocra (PSFVgal), the Brown greater galago prosimian foamy virus or simian foamy virus Otolemur crassicaudatus, is a retrovirus and the sole species in the genus Prosimiispumavirus, belonging to the subfamily Spumaretrovirinae of the family Retroviridae.[1] [2] Its natural host is the brown greater galago (Otolemur crassicaudatus), a strepsirrhine primate from southern Africa, from which the species epithet otocra is derived. It is the only known exogenous foamy virus with a prosimian host, altough traces of ancient foamy viruses have been found in the genomes of other prosimians as endogenous foamy viruses [3] [4]
Taxonomy
[edit ]The complete genome of P. otocrawas reported in 2014 after being isolated from a galago.[4] In 2017, the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses reorganized the former single genus Spumavirus into five host-range-reflecting genera, adopting the Prosimiispumavirus genus to accommodate this species.[5] [2]
Phylogenetic analysis places P. otocra as a sister lineage to the simian foamy viruses (Simiispumavirus genus), consistent with the evolutionary split between prosimians and simians.[4] The transmission patterns of foamy virus diversification mirrors that of their mammalian hosts, supporting long-term cospeciation rather than recent host switching.[6] [1]
Structure
[edit ]Similar to other members of the subfamily Spumaretrovirinae, Prosimiispumavirus otocra has a genome length of 12,118 nucleotides, organized into a foamy virus structure with long terminal repeats flanking the gag, pol, and env genes, along with accessory genes bel1 (tas) and bel2 (bet).[4] No in-frame stop codons are present in the coding regions. Virions share the general spumaviral morphology.[7]
See also
[edit ]References
[edit ]- ^ a b "Genus: Prosimiispumavirus". International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses. Retrieved 2025年05月15日.
- ^ a b Mayer, Jens; et al. (2025). "2024 taxonomy update for the family Retroviridae". Archives of Virology. 170 (8) 164. doi:10.1007/s00705-025-06353-y. PMC 12370174 . PMID 40576840.
- ^ Han, Guan-Zhu; Worobey, Michael (2012). "An Endogenous Foamy Virus in the Aye-Aye (Daubentonia madagascariensis)". Journal of Virology. 86 (14): 7696–7698. doi:10.1128/JVI.00650-12. PMC 3416287 . PMID 22573860.
- ^ a b c d Katzourakis, Aris; Aiewsakun, Pakorn; Jia, Hongwei; Wolfe, Nathan D.; LeBreton, Matthew; Yoder, Anne D.; Switzer, William M. (2014). "Discovery of prosimian and afrotherian foamy viruses and potential cross species transmissions amidst stable and ancient mammalian co-evolution". Retrovirology. 11 61. doi:10.1186/1742-4690-11-61 . PMC 4261875 . PMID 25091111.
- ^ Khan, Adeeba S.; et al. (2018). "Spumaretroviruses: Updated taxonomy and nomenclature". Virology. 516: 158–164. doi:10.1016/j.virol.201801005. PMC 5840510 . PMID 29331866.
- ^ Switzer, William M.; et al. (2005). "Ancient co-speciation of simian foamy viruses and primates". Nature. 434 (7031): 376–380. Bibcode:2005Natur.434..376S. doi:10.1038/nature03341. PMID 15772660.
- ^ "Subfamily: Spumaretrovirinae". International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses. Retrieved 2025年05月15日.
External links
[edit ]- ICTV Report: Genus Prosimiispumavirus
- ViralZone: Prosimiispumavirus
- GenBank KM233624 – complete genome sequence of SFVocr_1557