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Benthozoa

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Clade of early animals
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Benthozoa
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Clade: Benthozoa
A. Erives and B. Fritzsch, 2019
Clades

Porifera
Eumetazoa (sans Ctenophora)

Synonyms

Myriazoa

The Benthozoa or Myriazoa[1] are a proposed basal animal clade consisting of the Porifera and ParaHoxozoa as a sister group of Ctenophora.[2]

An alternative phylogeny is given by the Porifera-sister hypothesis in which Porifera are the first diverging animal group.

Choanozoa
Animalia
Benthozoa
Eumetazoa /
Bilateria /
Nephrozoa
Protostomia
Ecdysozoa
(Priapulids and allies)
and allies
and allies
> 529 mya
Spiralia
Gnathifera
and allies
Platytrochozoa
and allies
Lophotrochozoa
and allies
and allies
550 mya
580 mya
610 mya
650 mya
Triploblasts
ParaHoxozoa
760 mya
950 mya

References

[edit ]
  1. ^ Schultz, Darrin T.; Haddock, Steven H.D.; Bredeson, Jessen V.; Green, Richard E.; Simakov, Oleg; Rokhsar, Daniel S. (17 May 2023). "Ancient gene linkages support ctenophores as sister to other animals". Nature . doi:10.1038/s41586-023-05936-6. ISSN 0028-0836. PMC 10232365 .
  2. ^ Erives, Albert; Fritzsch, Bernd (17 July 2019). "A screen for gene paralogies delineating evolutionary branching order of early Metazoa". bioRxiv 10.1101/704551 .
Extant animal phyla
Animalia
ParaHoxozoa
(Planulozoa)
Bilateria (Triploblasts)
  • (see below↓)
The phylogeny of the animal root is disputed; see also
Eumetazoa
Benthozoa
Bilateria
Ambulacraria
Protostomia
Ecdysozoa
Scalidophora
N+L+P
Nematoida
L+P
Panarthropoda
Spiralia
Gnathifera
M+S
Platytrochozoa
R+M
Rouphozoa
Mesozoa
Lophotrochozoa
M+K
Kryptotrochozoa
Lophophorata
Bryozoa s.l.
Brachiozoa

Major groups
within phyla
Phyla with ≥1000 extant species bolded
Potentially dubious phyla


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