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The Sun is the star at the center of the Solar System. It is a nearly perfect sphere of hot plasma, heated to incandescence by nuclear fusion reactions in its core, radiating energy from its surface mainly as light and infrared radiation. It is a G-type main-sequence star (G2V), informally called a yellow dwarf, though its light is actually white. It formed about 4.6 billion years ago and is by far the most important source of energy for life on Earth. From Earth the Sun is 1 astronomical unit (×ばつ10⁸ km) or about 8 light-minutes away. Its diameter is about 1,391,400 km (864,600 mi), 109 times that of Earth. Its mass is about 330,000 times that of Earth, making up about 99.86% of the total mass of the Solar System. Every second, the Sun fuses about 600 billion kilograms (kg) of hydrogen into helium and converts 4 billion kg of matter into energy. Venerated in many cultures, it is a central subject for astronomical research since antiquity. (This article is part of a featured topic: Solar System .)

• ... that Paul Loudon was described as a "human battering ram" (pictured)?
• ... that the Battle of the Bosporus , one of the largest naval battles in the Middle Ages, was fought during the night in a storm in a narrow strait?
• ... that Terry Davis created TempleOS, a Bible-themed operating system that had more than 120,000 lines of code?
• ... that two EF2 tornadoes merged near downtown Tallahassee in 2024?
• ... that environment minister Peng Chi-ming drafted Taiwan's first weather insurance policy?
• ... that Los Angeles Rising was put together by two musicians who had been forced to evacuate their homes due to the January 2025 wildfires in Los Angeles?
• ... that the lead cast of Twilight of the Warriors: Walled In reunited to star in the unrelated film Hit N Fun ?
• ... that The Hungry Five were credited with maintaining the unique ownership structure of the Green Bay Packers?
• ... that the zookeeper of the "loneliest elephant in the world " credited her with saving his marriage?

• Israeli attacks on the Gaza Strip kill more than 400 people, ending the Gaza war ceasefire.
• A nightclub fire (damage pictured) in Kočani, North Macedonia, kills at least 59 people and injures more than 155 others.
• In Yemen, 53 people are killed after the United States launches air and naval strikes .
• At least 42 people are killed as a result of storms and tornadoes in the Midwestern and Southern United States.
• The People's United Party, led by Johnny Briceño, wins the Belizean general election .

• 1724 – Following the death of Pope Innocent XIII, a papal conclave convened in Rome to elect a new pope.
• 1861 – An earthquake occurred in the Argentine province of Mendoza, causing at least 6,000 deaths and destroying most of the buildings in the province's capital city.
• 1922 – The United States Navy commissioned its first aircraft carrier, USS Langley .
• 1944 – World War II: U.S. Marines made a landing on Emirau Island in the Bismarck Archipelago to develop an airbase as part of Operation Cartwheel.
• 1987 – The antiretroviral drug zidovudine (chemical structure pictured) became the first treatment approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for HIV/AIDS.
• 2014 – Taliban militants killed nine civilians in a mass shooting at the Kabul Serena Hotel in Afghanistan.

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