Carex hirta
| Carex hirta | |
|---|---|
| Female spikes | |
| Scientific classification Edit this classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Monocots |
| Clade: | Commelinids |
| Order: | Poales |
| Family: | Cyperaceae |
| Genus: | Carex |
| Subgenus: | Carex subg. Carex |
| Section: | Carex sect. Carex |
| Species: | C. hirta
|
| Binomial name | |
| Carex hirta | |
Carex hirta, the hairy sedge or hammer sedge,[1] is a species of sedge native across Europe. It has characteristic hairy leaves and inflorescences, and is the type species of the genus Carex .
Description
[edit ]
Carex hirta grows 15–70 centimetres (6–28 in) tall, with leaves 10–50 cm (4–20 in) long and 2–5 mm (0.08–0.20 in) (occasionally up to 8 mm or 0.3 in) wide.[2] The stems are trigonous (roughly triangular in cross-section), but with convex, rounded faces.[2] The leaves, leaf sheaths and ligules are all hairy, although plants growing in wetter positions may be less hairy; these have sometimes been separated as C. hirta var. sublaevis by Jens Wilken Hornemann, but this may not be a worthwhile taxon.[2] The culms bear 2–3 lateral female spikes, each 10–45 mm (0.4–1.8 in) long, and on half-ensheathed peduncles up to twice the length of the spike.[2] There are 2–3 male spikes at the end of the culm, each 10–30 mm (0.4–1.2 in) long.[2] The hairy utricles, male glumes and leaves make it hard to confuse Carex hirta with any other Carex species.[2]
Distribution
[edit ]Carex hirta is native to Europe, and is found across the British Isles, albeit with records becoming very scarce in the far north.[3] It has been introduced to North America.[1] It was first recorded in Amherst, Massachusetts in 1877, and has since been found across much of the eastern United States and Canada.[4]
Nomenclature
[edit ]Carex hirta is the type species of the genus Carex ,[5] and therefore also of the subgenus Carex and the section Carex. It was described by Carl Linnaeus in his 1753 Species Plantarum , and the lectotype, from the herbarium of Adriaan van Royen, was designated by Ilkka Kukkonen in 1992.[6] [7]
References
[edit ]- ^ a b "Carex hirta L." PLANTS Profile. United States Department of Agriculture . Retrieved June 1, 2011.
- ^ a b c d e f A. C. Jermy; D. A. Simpson; M. J. Y. Foley; M. S. Porter (2007). "Carex hirta L.". Sedges of the British Isles. BSBI Handbook No. 1 (3rd ed.). Botanical Society of the British Isles. pp. 285–287. ISBN 978-0-901158-35-2.
- ^ Peter Llewellyn (March 11, 2010). "Carex hirta hairy sedge". Wild Flowers of the British Isles. Retrieved June 1, 2011.
- ^ "372. Carex hirta Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 2: 975. 1753". Vol. 23. Cyperaceae. Flora of North America. eFloras.org. pp. 473, 498, 500, 501.
- ^ Ilkka Kukkonen; Heikki Toivonen (1988). J. M. Bernard (ed.). "Taxonomy of wetland carices". Aquatic Botany . 30 (1–2): 5–22. doi:10.1016/0304-3770(88)90003-4.
- ^ Natural History Museum (October 9, 2006). "Carex hirta Linnaeus". The Linnaean Plant Name Typification Project. Natural History Museum. doi:10.5519/qwv6u7j5 . Retrieved June 1, 2011.
- ^ Subcommittee 3C (1992). "Seventy-two proposals for the conservation of types of selected Linnaean generic names, the report of Subcommittee 3C on the lectotypification of Linnaean generic names". Taxon . 41 (3): 552–583. doi:10.2307/1222833. JSTOR 1222833.
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