Field marshal (Iraq)
| Field Marshal مهيب الركن | |
|---|---|
| Marshal of the Republic of Iraq insignia | |
| Marshal of the Kingdom of Iraq insignia | |
| Country | Iraq |
| Service branch | Iraqi Ground Forces |
| Abbreviation | FM |
| Rank | Five star |
| Formation | 23 August 1921 |
| Abolished | 1 May 2003 |
| Next higher rank | None |
| Next lower rank | Colonel general |
| Equivalent ranks | |
Field marshal (Arabic: مهيب, romanized: Muhib) was a five–star officer rank and the highest attainable rank in the Iraqi Armed Forces. Field marshal ranks immediately above colonel general, but is now generally considered to be obsolete. The rank was typically conferred ex officio upon the head of state of Iraq (typically either upon the King of Iraq or upon the President of Iraq). The last known person to be conferred this rank was former Iraqi president Saddam Hussein.
Nomenclature
[edit ]The rank used to be called 'Mushir' (Arabic: مشير) which was in line with the militaries of other Arab countries however it was changed to 'Muhib' following the 17 July Revolution.[1]
Typically, the term 'al-rukn' (Arabic: الركن) would follow 'Muhib', this literally translates to 'staff' as an officer would've underwent further military education and would be awarded a red stripe at the base of their shoulderboards upon graduation from a staff college.[2] However, due to most of the recipients obtaining this rank ex officio, this practice is technically redundant.
List of marshals
[edit ]| Rank | Date of Promotion | Portrait | Name | Date of death | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Field Marshal of the Royal Iraqi Army
|
23 August 1921 | Faisal I | 8 September 1933 |
| |
Marshal of the Royal Iraqi Air Force
|
8 September 1933 | Ghazi of Iraq | 4 April 1939 |
| |
Field Marshal of the Royal Iraqi Army
|
4 April 1939 | Abd al-Ilah | 14 July 1958 |
| |
Field Marshal of the Royal Iraqi Army
|
2 May 1953 | Faisal II | 14 July 1958 |
| |
| 8 February 1963 | Abdul Salam Arif | 13 April 1966 |
| ||
| Late 1968 | Ahmed Hassan al-Bakr | 4 October 1982 |
| ||
Marshal of the Iraqi Army
|
16 July 1979 | Saddam Hussein | 30 December 2006 |
|
.jpg){kind=link}
References
[edit ]- ^ "رؤساء العراق في العهد الجمهوري". aawsat.com (in Arabic). Retrieved 2024年05月20日.
- ^ "Iraqi Ground Forces (1980-2003) - International Encyclopedia of uniforms and insignia". www.uniforminsignia.net. Retrieved 2024年05月20日.
- ^ Allawi, Ali A. (2014). Faisal I of Iraq. New Haven: Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-300-12732-4.
- ^ "The Hashemite Royal Family". 2019年04月06日. Archived from the original on 2019年04月06日. Retrieved 2024年05月20日.
- ^ "IRAQ: Gathering of the Kings - TIME". 2011年10月19日. Archived from the original on 2011年10月19日. Retrieved 2024年05月20日.
- ^ "60 years on, Iraqis reflect on the coup that killed King Faisal II". Arab News. Retrieved 2024年05月20日.
- ^ "Presidents Of Iraq Since 1958". WorldAtlas. 2019年04月03日. Retrieved 2024年05月20日.
- ^ ابو عبدالرحمن الكردي. تاريخ الوزارات العراقية في العهد الجمهوري 1961 1963 الجزء 5 6 (in Arabic).
- ^ Tucker, Spencer C. (2010年10月08日). The Encyclopedia of Middle East Wars: The United States in the Persian Gulf, Afghanistan, and Iraq Conflicts [5 volumes]: The United States in the Persian Gulf, Afghanistan, and Iraq Conflicts. ABC-CLIO. ISBN 978-1-85109-948-1.
- ^ Coughlin, Con (2005). Saddam: his rise and fall (1st Harper Perennial ed., fully updated and rev ed.). New York, NY: Harper Perennial. ISBN 978-0-06-050543-1.
- ^ Phillips, James. "Saddam Hussein and the Crisis in the Persian Gulf". The Heritage Foundation. Archived from the original on December 8, 2019. Retrieved 2024年05月20日.