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CD−35 2722

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Star system in the constellation Columba
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CD−35 2722

Artistic representation of CD-35 2722 system
Credit: ESO/M. Kornmesser
Observation data
Epoch J2000.0 Equinox ICRS
Constellation Columba [1]
Right ascension 06h 09m 19.208s[2]
Declination −35°49′31.07′′[2]
Apparentmagnitude(V) 11.083±0.07[3]
Characteristics
Evolutionarystage Red dwarf + Brown dwarf
Spectraltype M1Ve + L4±1[4]
Variabletype T Tauri [5]
Astrometry
Radial velocity (Rv)+31.21±0.68[2] km/s
Proper motion (μ) RA:−3.605(14) mas/yr [2]
Dec.:−56.077(15) mas/yr [2]
Parallax (π)44.7203±0.0128mas [2]
Distance 72.93 ± 0.02ly
(22.361 ± 0.006pc)
Orbit [6]
NameCD−35 2722B
Period (P)1240+330
−290yr
Semi-major axis (a)101+15
−14AU
Eccentricity (e)0.772+0.049
−0.051
Inclination (i)141+11
−7°
Longitude of the node (Ω)259.6+3.4
−7.4°
Argument of periastron (ω)
(secondary)		142.2+7.6
−6.6°
Details
A
Mass 0.40±0.05[4] M☉
Radius 0.559±0.016[7] R☉
Luminosity 0.054[7] L☉
Surface gravity (logg)4.24±0.50[8] cgs
Temperature 3680±100[4] K
Metallicity [Fe/H]0.04±0.05[4] dex
Rotational velocity (vsini)11.95±0.05[8] km/s
Age 100±50[4] Myr
B
Mass 29.5+5.1
−4.3[8] MJup
Radius 1.55+0.05
−0.06[8] RJup
Surface gravity (logg)4.5±0.5[4] cgs
Temperature 1700–1900[4] K
Rotational velocity (vsini)9.58+0.25
−0.24[8] km/s
Age 100±50[4] Myr
Other designations
CD−35 2722, PM J06093-3549, TIC 201426753, TYC 7084-794-1, GSC 07084-00794, 2MASS J06091922-3549311, DENIS J060919.2-354931[9]
Database references
SIMBAD A
B
Exoplanet Archive data

CD−35 2722 is a star system located in the constellation of Columba.[10] The system consists of a red dwarf star orbited by a brown dwarf companion, discovered via direct imaging in 2011.[4] The presence of a Jupiter-mass exosatellite orbiting the brown dwarf has been suspected since 2026.[11] [12] The system is a member of the AB Doradus moving group.[4]

Brown dwarf

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In 2011, a brown dwarf designated CD−35 2722B was detected at a projected separation of 3.137′′±0.005′′ from the star.[4] At a distance of 21.3±1.4pc , this corresponds to a projected distance of 67±4au .[4] The mass was originally estimated at 31±8MJ [4] , other estimates suggest 37.29±2.18MJ[13] or 29.5+5.1
−4.3MJ[8] . The temperature is in the range 1700–1900K and the spectral type is L4±1[4] . The chemical composition of the brown dwarf matches closely that of its host star, which may indicate that it formed by gravitational instability rather than core accretion.[8]

The orbit has not been fully constrained but it appears to have a very high eccentricity, exceeding 0.9.[11]

Candidate satellite

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In 2026, radial-velocity monitoring of CD−35 2722B with the CRIRES+ spectrograph on ESO’s Very Large Telescope provided strong evidence for at least one planetary-mass satellite orbiting CD−35 2722B.[12] Radial velocity data from VLT/CRIRES+ revealed a candidate satellites orbiting CD−35 2722 B. The candidate has a minimum mass of 0.918MJ and an orbital period of 171 days.[11]

A two-satellite model fits the radial velocity data equally well; in this model, the second satellite would have a minimum mass of 0.2MJ and orbit with an 87-day period. However, this two-satellite configuration is highly unstable and would likely result in one the satellites being ejected within 500 years, making the one-satellite model more likely.[11]

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The CD−35 2722 B planetary system[11]
Companion
(in order from star)		 Mass Semimajor axis
(AU)		 Orbital period
(days)		 Eccentricity Inclination
(°) 		Radius
(unconfirmed) ≥0.918+0.011
−0.045 MJ 		0.200+0.001
−0.004		 171.112+0.525
−0.363		 0.269+0.013
−0.037		 — —

See also

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References

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  1. ↑ Roman, Nancy G. (1987). "Identification of a constellation from a position". Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific . 99 (617): 695. Bibcode:1987PASP...99..695R. doi:10.1086/132034 . Constellation record for this object at VizieR.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Vallenari, A.; et al. (Gaia collaboration) (2023). "Gaia Data Release 3. Summary of the content and survey properties". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 674: A1. arXiv:2208.00211 . Bibcode:2023A&A...674A...1G. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202243940 . S2CID 244398875. Gaia DR3 record for this source at VizieR.
  3. ↑ Kiraga, M. (2012年04月17日), "ASAS photometry of ROSAT sources I. Periodic variable stars coincident with bright sources from ROSAT all sky survey", Acta Astronomica, 62 (1): 67, arXiv:1204.3825 , Bibcode:2012AcA....62...67K
  4. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Wahhaj, Zahed; Liu, Michael C.; Biller, Beth A.; Clarke, Fraser; Nielsen, Eric L.; Close, Laird M.; Hayward, Thomas L.; Mamajek, Eric E.; Cushing, Michael; Dupuy, Trent; Tecza, Matthias; Thatte, Niranjan; Chun, Mark; Ftaclas, Christ; Hartung, Markus (2011年03月10日). "THE GEMINI NICI PLANET-FINDING CAMPAIGN: DISCOVERY OF A SUBSTELLAR L DWARF COMPANION TO THE NEARBY YOUNG M DWARF CD–35 2722". The Astrophysical Journal. 729 (2): 139. arXiv:1101.2893 . Bibcode:2011ApJ...729..139W. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/729/2/139. ISSN 0004-637X.
  5. ↑ "VSX : Detail for ASAS J060919-3549.5". vsx.aavso.org. Retrieved 2026年07月26日.
  6. ↑ Bernardi, Andrea; Zurlo, Alice; Lazzoni, Cecilia; Desidera, Silvano; Mesa, Dino; Pérez, Sebastian; Nogueira, Pedro Henrique; Barbato, Domenico; Dasgupta, Anuroop (2026年07月15日). "SaNDi-SHoP: Searching for Satellites'N'Disks with a Star-Hopping Program II. Spectrophotometric analysis and orbital monitoring of directly imaged companions". arXiv:2607.13545 [astro-ph.EP]. Designation used for the system is TYC 7084-794-1.
  7. 1 2 Stassun, Keivan G.; Oelkers, Ryan J.; Paegert, Martin; Torres, Guillermo; Pepper, Joshua; Lee, Nathan De; Collins, Kevin; Latham, David W.; Muirhead, Philip S.; Chittidi, Jay; Rojas-Ayala, Bárbara; Fleming, Scott W.; Rose, Mark E.; Tenenbaum, Peter; Ting, Eric B. (2019年10月01日). "The Revised TESS Input Catalog and Candidate Target List". The Astronomical Journal. 158 (4): 138. arXiv:1905.10694 . Bibcode:2019AJ....158..138S. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/ab3467 . ISSN 0004-6256.
  8. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Wang, Gavin; Xuan, Jerry W.; Picos, Darío González; Zhang 张, Zhoujian 周健; Zhang, Yapeng; Mawet, Dimitri; Hsu, Chih-Chun; Wang 王, Jason J. 劲飞; Blake, Geoffrey A.; Ruffio, Jean-Baptiste; Horstman, Katelyn; Sappey, Ben; Xin, Yinzi; Finnerty, Luke; Echeverri, Daniel (2026年02月01日). "Chemical and Isotopic Homogeneity between the L Dwarf CD-35 2722 B and Its Early M Host Star". The Astrophysical Journal. 997 (2): 195. arXiv:2511.19588 . Bibcode:2026ApJ...997..195W. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ae232f . ISSN 0004-637X.
  9. ↑ "CD-35 2722". SIMBAD . Centre de données astronomiques de Strasbourg . Retrieved 2026年07月26日.
  10. ↑ "CD-35 2722 | NASA Exoplanet Archive". exoplanetarchive.ipac.caltech.edu. Retrieved 2026年07月26日.
  11. 1 2 3 4 5 Hoy, Kevin; Zurlo, Alice; Peña R, Pablo A.; Köhler, Jana; Desidera, Silvano; Gratton, Raffaele; Lazzoni, Cecilia; Petrus, Simon; Rodler, Florian; Smoker, Jonathan; D’Orazi, Valentina; Carleo, Ilaria; Giovannini, Ilaria (2026). "Planetary-mass exosatellite detected around the substellar companion of a star" (PDF). Nature. 655 (8124): 865–869. arXiv:2607.05193 . Bibcode:2026Natur.655..865H. doi:10.1038/s41586-026-10751-w. ISSN 1476-4687. PMID 42487037.
  12. 1 2 Hoy, Kevin; Zurlo, Alice; Ferreira, Bárbara (22 July 2026). "New 'exomoon' detection challenges cosmic labels". www.eso.org. Retrieved 2026年07月26日.
  13. ↑ Gratton, R.; Bonavita, M.; Mesa, D.; Zurlo, A.; Marino, S.; Desidera, S.; D'Orazi, V.; Riglicao, E.; Squicciarini, V.; Nogueira, P.H. (2024). "Implications of the discovery of AF Lep b. The mass-luminosity relation for planets in the β Pic Moving Group and the L-T transition for young companions and free-floating planets". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 684 A69. arXiv:2402.09067 . Bibcode:2024A&A...684A..69G. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202348012.
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