Gai lan
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| Gai lan | |
|---|---|
| Gai lan | |
| Species | Brassica oleracea |
| Cultivar group | Alboglabra Group |
| Origin | unknown |
| Gai lan | |||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| "Gai lan" in Traditional (top) and Simplified (bottom) Chinese characters | |||||||||||||||||||
| Chinese name | |||||||||||||||||||
| Traditional Chinese | 芥蘭 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Simplified Chinese | 芥兰 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Hanyu Pinyin | jièlán | ||||||||||||||||||
| Jyutping | gaai3 laan4*2 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Literal meaning | mustard orchid | ||||||||||||||||||
| |||||||||||||||||||
| Burmese name | |||||||||||||||||||
| Burmese | ကိုက်လန် | ||||||||||||||||||
| Vietnamese name | |||||||||||||||||||
| Vietnamese | cải làn or cải rổ | ||||||||||||||||||
| Thai name | |||||||||||||||||||
| Thai | คะน้า Thai pronunciation: [khā.náː] | ||||||||||||||||||
| RTGS | khana | ||||||||||||||||||
| Khmer name | |||||||||||||||||||
| Khmer | ខាត់ណា | ||||||||||||||||||
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Gai lan, kai-lan, Chinese broccoli,[1] or Chinese kale (Brassica oleracea var. alboglabra)[2] is a leafy vegetable with thick, flat, glossy blue-green leaves with thick stems, and florets similar to (but much smaller than) broccoli. A Brassica oleracea cultivar, gai lan is in the group alboglabra (from Latin albus "white" and glabrus "hairless"). When gone to flower, its white blossoms resemble that of its cousin Matthiola incana or hoary stock. The flavor is very similar to that of broccoli, but noticeably stronger and slightly more bitter.[3]
Cultivation
[edit ]Gai lan is a cool season crop that grows best between 18 and 28 °C (64 and 82 °F). It withstands hotter summer temperatures better than other brassicas such as broccoli or cabbage. Gai lan is harvested around 60–70 days after sowing, just before the flowers start to bloom. The stems can become woody and tough when the plant bolts.[4] It is generally harvested for market when 15–20 cm (6–8 in) tall; however, it can also be produced as "baby gai lan." The "baby" version is cultivated through crowding of seedings and generous fertilization; they resemble Brussels sprouts although they have looser folds.[5]
Hybrids
[edit ]Broccolini is a hybrid between broccoli and gai lan.[6]
Uses
[edit ]Culinary
[edit ]The stems and leaves of gai lan are eaten widely in Chinese cuisine; common preparations include gai lan stir-fried with ginger and garlic, and boiled or steamed and served with oyster sauce. It is also common in Vietnamese, Burmese and Thai cuisine.[3] In Chinese cuisine it is often associated with dim sum restaurants.[5]
In Americanized Chinese food (like beef and broccoli),[7] gai lan was frequently replaced by broccoli when gai lan was not available.[8]
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Gai lan trimmed and prepared for cooking.
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Baby gai lan served Cantonese-style.
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Phat khana mu krop: Thai-style fried Chinese broccoli with crispy pork belly.
See also
[edit ]References
[edit ]- ^ Patrick J. Cummings; Hans-Georg Wolf (2011). A Dictionary of Hong Kong English: Words from the Fragrant Harbor. Hong Kong University Press. p. 62. ISBN 9789888083305.
- ^ "Brassica oleracea L. var. alboglabra (L. H. Bailey) Musil". Germplasm Resources Information Network . Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture . Retrieved 23 August 2016.
- ^ a b "Kai-lan – Cuisine of Myanmar (Burma)". Trek Zone. Retrieved 2023年05月10日.
- ^ Rana, M. K.; Reddy, P. Karthik (2018). Vegetable Crop Science (1st ed.). CRC Press. pp. 289–298. ISBN 978-1138035218.
- ^ a b Hutton, Wendy (2004). A Cook's Guide to Asian Vegetables. Singapore: Periplus Editions. pp. 42–43. ISBN 0794600786.
- ^ "Broccolini". Washington State University. Retrieved 2018年08月14日.
- ^ "History and Culture: Chinese Food | New University | UC Irvine". 2008年06月02日. Retrieved 2023年05月23日.
- ^ Hung, Melissa (2019年10月31日). "When authenticity means a heaping plate of Tex-Mex". San Francisco Chronicle. Retrieved 2019年11月05日.
External links
[edit ]- Wikimedia Commons logo Media related to Gai lan at Wikimedia Commons
