1906–07 United States Senate elections

---

---

30 of the 90 seats in the United States Senate
(as well as special elections)
46 seats needed for a majority

	Majority party	Minority party
Leader	William B. Allison (retired)	Charles Culberson
Party	Republican	Democratic
Leader since	March 4, 1897	March 4, 1905
Leader's seat	Iowa	Texas
Seats before	57	33
Seats won	18	11
Seats after	60	29
Seat change	Increase 3	Decrease 4
Seats up	15	15

---

---

The 1906–07 United States Senate elections were held on various dates in various states. As these U.S. Senate elections were prior to the ratification of the Seventeenth Amendment in 1913, senators were chosen by state legislatures. Senators were elected over a wide range of time throughout 1906 and 1907, and a seat may have been filled months late or remained vacant due to legislative deadlock.^[1] In these elections, terms were up for the senators in Class 2.

The Republican Party gained three seats in the United States Senate, expanding their majority to more twice that of the opposing Democratic Party. The elections were held alongside the 1906 House of Representatives elections, which saw a significant Democratic gain in contrast to the Senate elections.

In Georgia, the legislature failed to elect until shortly after the beginning of the 60th Congress on March 4. In Rhode Island, the legislature deadlocked and did not elect a Senator until well into 1908.

Senate party division, 60th Congress (1907–1909)

• Majority party: Republican (60)
• Minority party: Democratic (28)
• Other prties: 0
• Vacancies: 2
• Total seats: 90

At the beginning of 1906.

Key	D# Democratic R# Republican V# Vacant

In these elections, the winners were seated during 1906 or in 1907 before March 4; ordered by election date.

State	Incumbent			Results	Candidates
	Senator	Party	Electoral history
Delaware (Class 1)	Vacant			Legislature had previously failed to elect. New senator elected June 12, 1906. Republican gain.[2]	▌Green tickY Henry A. du Pont (Republican) 36 ▌J. Edward Addicks (Republican) 2[2]
Kansas (Class 2)	Alfred W. Benson	Republican	1906 (appointed)	Interim appointee lost election. New senator elected January 22, 1907. Republican hold. Winner was also elected to the next term; see below.	▌Green tickY Charles Curtis (Republican) 120 ▌Alfred W. Benson (Republican) 19 ▌W. A. Harris (Democratic) 11 ▌Walter R. Stubbs (Republican) 1[3]
Oregon (Class 2)	John M. Gearin	Democratic	1905 (appointed)	Interim appointee retired January 22, 1907, when successor elected. New senator elected January 22, 1907, ratifying popular selection made in 1906 state elections.[4] [5] [6] Republican gain. Winner was not elected to the next term; see below.	▌Green tickY Frederick W. Mulkey (Republican) Unopposed[6] In state election: ▌Frederick W. Mulkey (Republican) 74.85% ▌J. D. Stevens (Socialist) 15.17% ▌Hiram Gould (Prohibition) 9.99%[7]
Michigan (Class 2)	Russell A. Alger	Republican	1902 (appointed) 1903 (special)	Incumbent died January 24, 1907. New senator elected February 5, 1907.[6] Republican hold. Winner had already been elected to the next term; see below.	▌Green tickY William A. Smith (Republican) [data missing ]

In this election, the winner was seated March 4, 1909, in the 61st Congress.

State	Incumbent			Results	Candidates
	Senator	Party	Electoral history
Alabama (Class 3)	Edmund Pettus	Democratic	1903	Incumbent re-elected early January 22, 1907, for the term beginning March 4, 1909.[3] Winner died July 27, 1907, and a new senator was elected early August 6, 1907.[3]	July 27, 1907: ▌Green tickY Edmund Pettus (Democratic) Unopposed[3] August 6, 1907: ▌Green tickY Joseph F. Johnston (Democratic) Unopposed[3]

In these regular elections, the winners were elected for the term beginning March 4, 1907; ordered by state.

All of the elections involved the Class 2 seats.

State	Incumbent			Results	Candidates
	Senator	Party	Electoral history
Alabama	John T. Morgan	Democratic	1876 1882 1888 1894 1900	Incumbent re-elected January 22, 1907.[4] [3] Winner died June 11, 1907, and a new senator was appointed June 17. Interim appointee elected July 16, 1907.[3]	January 22, 1907: ▌Green tickY John T. Morgan (Democratic) Unopposed[3] July 16, 1907: ▌Green tickY John H. Bankhead (Democratic) Unopposed[3]
Arkansas	James H. Berry	Democratic	1885 (special) 1889 1895 1901	Incumbent lost re-election. Winner elected January 29, 1907.[3] Democratic hold.	▌Green tickY Jeff Davis (Democratic) ▌John L. Worthington (Republican) 5[3]
Colorado	Thomas Patterson	Democratic	1901	Incumbent retired. New senator elected January 16, 1907. Republican gain.	▌Green tickY Simon Guggenheim (Republican) 68 ▌Charles Thomas (Democratic) 27 ▌Frank C. Goudy (Republican) 4[3]
Delaware	J. Frank Allee	Republican	1903 (special)	Incumbent retired. New senator elected January 16, 1907. Republican hold.	▌Green tickY Harry A. Richardson (Republican) 36 ▌Willard Saulsbury Jr. (Democratic) 15[3]
Georgia	Augustus O. Bacon	Democratic	1894 1900	Incumbent ran, but legislature failed to elect. Democratic loss. Incumbent was appointed to start the term and was later elected to finish the term; see below.	▌Augustus O. Bacon (Democratic) [data missing ]
Idaho	Fred Dubois	Democratic	1890 1897 (lost) 1901	Incumbent lost re-election. New senator elected January 15, 1907. Republican gain.	▌Green tickY William Borah (Republican) 50 ▌Fred Dubois (Democratic) 18[5]
Illinois	Shelby M. Cullom	Republican	1882 1888 1894 1901	Incumbent re-elected January 22, 1907.[4]	▌Green tickY Shelby M. Cullom (Republican) 132 ▌Carroll C. Boggs (Democratic) 68 ▌Daniel R. Sheen (Prohibition) 3[3]
Iowa	Jonathan Dolliver	Republican	1900 (appointed) 1901 (appointed) 1902 (special)	Incumbent re-elected January 23, 1907.	▌Green tickY Jonathan Dolliver (Republican) 110 ▌Claude Porter (Democratic) 45[8]
Kansas	Alfred W. Benson	Republican	1906 (appointed)	Interim appointee lost election. New senator elected January 22, 1907. Republican hold. Winner was also elected to finish the term; see above.	▌Green tickY Charles Curtis (Republican) 122 ▌William A. Harris (Democratic) 32 ▌Joseph L. Bristow (Republican) 1[3] [4]
Kentucky	J. C. S. Blackburn	Democratic	1884 1890 1897 (lost) 1900	Incumbent lost renomination. New senator elected January 9, 1906.[2] [9] Democratic hold.	▌Green tickY Thomas Paynter (Democratic) 101 ▌William Cox (Republican) 30 ▌C. F. Burnan (Republican) 1[2] [9]
Louisiana	Murphy J. Foster	Democratic	1900	Incumbent re-elected early May 18, 1904.[10]	▌Green tickY Murphy J. Foster (Democratic) 148 Unopposed[10]
Maine	William P. Frye	Republican	1881 (special) 1883 1889 1895 1901	Incumbent re-elected January 15, 1907.[3]	▌Green tickY William P. Frye (Republican) 109 ▌William H. Pennell (Democratic) 66[3]
Massachusetts	Winthrop Crane	Republican	1904 (appointed) 1905 (special)	Incumbent re-elected January 15, 1907.	▌Green tickY Winthrop M. Crane (Republican) 207 ▌James B. Carroll (Democratic) 48 ▌George Williams (Democratic) 3 ▌Joseph H. O'Neil (Democratic) 1 ▌John A. Sullivan (Democratic) 1[11]
Michigan	Russell A. Alger	Republican	1902 (appointed) 1903 (special)	Incumbent retired. New senator elected January 15, 1907.[6] Republican hold. Winner was subsequently elected to finish the current term; see above.	▌Green tickY William A. Smith (Republican) 123 ▌Charles E. Townsend (Republican) 2 ▌T. E. Barkworth (Democratic) 2[6]
Minnesota	Knute Nelson	Republican	1895 1901	Incumbent re-elected January 22, 1907.[4]	▌Green tickY Knute Nelson (Republican) 143 ▌Albert Schaller (Democratic) 27 ▌W. J. Dean (Progressive) 3 ▌John O. Johnson (Democratic) 1 ▌Frank A. Day (Democratic) 1[6]
Mississippi	Anselm J. McLaurin	Democratic	1894 (special) 1900	Incumbent re-elected early January 19, 1904.[12]	▌Green tickY Anselm J. McLaurin (Democratic) [data missing ]
Montana	William Clark	Democratic	1899 1900 (resigned) 1901	Incumbent retired. New senator elected January 16, 1907.[6] Republican gain.	▌Green tickY Joseph M. Dixon (Republican) 70 ▌Joseph Toole (Democratic) 17 ▌H. L. Frank (Democratic) 6 ▌W. C. Conrad (Unknown) 2 ▌[FNU] Norris (Democratic) 1[6]
Nebraska	Joseph Millard	Republican	1901 (special)	Incumbent retired. New senator elected January 15, 1907.[6] Republican hold.	▌Green tickY Norris Brown (Republican) 95 ▌William H. Thompson (Democratic) 36[6]
New Hampshire	Henry E. Burnham	Republican	1901	Incumbent re-elected January 15, 1907.[6] [13]	▌Green tickY Henry E. Burnham (Republican) 254 ▌Nathan C. Jameson (Democratic) 123 ▌George B. Leighton (Unknown) 1[6]
New Jersey	John F. Dryden	Republican	1902 (special)	Incumbent withdrew from renomination. New senator elected February 5, 1907.[6] Republican hold.	▌Green tickY Frank O. Briggs (Republican) 41 ▌James E. Martine (Democratic) 35 ▌John W. Griggs (Republican) 1 ▌Mahlon Pitney (Republican) 1[6]
North Carolina	F. M. Simmons	Democratic	1901	Incumbent re-elected January 22, 1907.[4] [6]	▌Green tickY F. M. Simmons (Democratic) 116 ▌Spencer B. Adams (Republican) 3 ▌James J. Britt (Republican) 2[6]
Oregon	John M. Gearin	Democratic	1905 (appointed)	Interim appointee retired. New senator elected January 2, 1907, ratifying popular selection made in 1906 state elections.[4] [5] [6] Republican gain.	▌Green tickY Jonathan Bourne Jr. (Republican) 80 ▌Robert S. Bean (Democratic) 4 ▌Frank A. Moore (Democratic) 2 ▌Frederick W. Mulkey (Republican) 1[6] In state election: ▌Jonathan Bourne Jr. (Republican) 46.25% ▌Robert S. Bean (Democratic) 42.86% ▌A. G. Simola (Socialist) 6.10% ▌B. Lee Paget (Prohibition) 4.80%[14]
Rhode Island	George P. Wetmore	Republican	1894 1900	Legislature failed to elect.[4] [15] Republican loss.	▌George P. Wetmore (Republican) ▌Samuel P. Colt (Republican) ▌Robert H. I. Goddard (Democratic)
South Carolina	Benjamin Tillman	Democratic	1894 1901	Incumbent re-elected January 22, 1907.[4] [16]	▌Green tickY Benjamin Tillman (Democratic) Unopposed
South Dakota	Robert J. Gamble	Republican	1901	Incumbent re-elected January 22, 1907.[16]	▌Green tickY Robert J. Gamble (Republican) 100 ▌Andrew E. Lee (Democratic) 17 ▌Thomas Sterling (Independent) 15[16]
Tennessee	Edward W. Carmack	Democratic	1901	Incumbent lost renomination.[16] New senator elected January 15, 1907. Democratic hold.	▌Green tickY Robert L. Taylor (Democratic) 108 ▌Nathan W. Hale (Republican) 26 ▌Asbury Wright (Republican) 1[16]
Texas	Joseph W. Bailey	Democratic	1901	Incumbent re-elected January 22, 1907.[17]	▌Green tickY Joseph W. Bailey (Democratic) 108 ▌William L. Cabell (Democratic) 2 ▌Alexander W. Terrell (Democratic) 1 ▌Horace Chilton (Democratic) 1 ▌Thomas M. Campbell (Democratic) 3 ▌John W. Logan (Democratic) 2 ▌James E. Yantis (Democratic) 2 ▌Cecil A. Lyon (Republican) 2 ▌Other Democrats 25[16] [17]
Virginia	Thomas S. Martin	Democratic	1893 (early) 1899 (early)	Incumbent re-elected January 24, 1906.[18]	▌Green tickY Thomas S. Martin (Democratic) 116 ▌Campbell Slemp (Republican) 17[2] [18]
West Virginia	Stephen B. Elkins	Republican	1895 1901	Incumbent re-elected January 22, 1907.[4] [16]	▌Green tickY Stephen B. Elkins (Republican) 101 ▌John J. Cornwell (Democratic) 30[16]
Wyoming	Francis E. Warren	Republican	1890 1893 (lost) 1895 1901	Incumbent re-elected January 22, 1907.[4] [16]	▌Green tickY Francis E. Warren (Republican) 64 ▌Colin Hunter (Democratic) 6[16]

In these elections, the winners were elected in 1907 after March 4; sorted by election date.

State	Incumbent			Results	Candidates
	Senator	Party	Electoral history
Wisconsin (Class 3)	John C. Spooner	Republican	1897 1903	Incumbent resigned April 30, 1907. New senator elected May 17, 1907. Republican hold.	▌Green tickY Isaac Stephenson (Republican) 87 ▌G. W. Bird (Democratic) ▌Jacob Rummel (Social Democratic)[16]
Georgia (Class 2)	Augustus O. Bacon	Democratic	1894 1900 1907 (appointed)	Interim appointee elected July 9, 1907.	▌Green tickY Augustus O. Bacon (Democratic) Unopposed[3]
Alabama (Class 2)	John H. Bankhead	Democratic	1907 (appointed)	John T. Morgan (D), having just been re-elected (see above), died June 11, 1907. Interim appointee elected July 16, 1907.	▌Green tickY John H. Bankhead (Democratic) Unopposed[3]
Alabama (Class 3)	Edmund Pettus	Democratic	1903 1907	Incumbent, having just been re-elected, died July 27, 1907. New senator elected August 6, 1907. Democratic hold.	▌Green tickY Joseph F. Johnston (Democratic) Unopposed[3]
				New senator was also elected early August 6, 1907, to the term beginning March 4, 1909.[3]	▌Green tickY Joseph F. Johnston (Democratic) Unopposed[3]
Oklahoma (Class 2)	None (new state)			First senators elected December 10, 1907.[6] Democratic gain.	▌Green tickY Robert L. Owen (Democratic) 128 votes ▌Clarence B. Douglas (Republican) 22 votes ▌C. B. Jones (Republican) 22 votes[6]
Oklahoma (Class 3)				First senators elected December 10, 1907.[6] Democratic gain.	▌Green tickY Thomas Gore (Democratic) 128 votes ▌Clarence B. Douglas (Republican) 22 votes ▌C. B. Jones (Republican) 22 votes[6]

The two new senators, John H. Bankhead and Joseph F. Johnston, were named "alternate" senators at the state Democratic primary in 1906. The men who would beat them^[19] both died so Bankhead and Johnston were elected in their places.

Five-term Democrat John Tyler Morgan was re-elected January 22, 1907.^[19]

Morgan died June 11, 1907, just three months into his sixth term.^[20] Democrat John H. Bankhead was appointed June 18, 1907, to continue the term,^[21] pending a July 16, 1907, special election, which he won.

Two-term Democrat Edmund Pettus was re-elected early on January 22, 1907, for the term that would begin in 1909.^{[19] [22]}

Pettus died July 27, 1907, even before his new term was supposed to begin.^[20] Democrat Joseph F. Johnston was elected August 6, 1907, both to finish the term and to the next term.

• 1906 United States elections
  • 1906 United States House of Representatives elections
• 59th United States Congress
• 60th United States Congress

• Clark, Dan Elbert (1913). "History of Senatorial Elections in Iowa". Iowa City, Iowa.
• "Party Division in the Senate, 1789-Present". via Senate.gov.
• The World Almanac and Encyclopedia 1908. The Press Publishing Co., New York World. 1907. p. 263.
• The Tribune Almanac and Political Register 1907. New York: The Tribune Association. 1907. p. 258.
• The Tribune Almanac and Political Register 1908. New York: The Tribune Association. 1908. pp. 258–260.