408 BC

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Calendar year

Millennium:	1st millennium BC
Centuries:	6th century BC 5th century BC 4th century BC
Decades:	420s BC 410s BC 400s BC 390s BC 380s BC
Years:	411 BC 410 BC 409 BC 408 BC 407 BC 406 BC 405 BC
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Politics
408 BC by topic
State leaders Political entities
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Births Deaths
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408 BC in various calendars

Gregorian calendar 408 BC
CDVIII BC

Ab urbe condita 346

Ancient Egypt era XXVII dynasty, 118

- Pharaoh Darius II of Persia, 16

Ancient Greek era 93rd Olympiad (victor )1

Assyrian calendar 4343

Balinese saka calendar N/A

Bengali calendar −1001 – −1000

Berber calendar 543

Buddhist calendar 137

Burmese calendar −1045

Byzantine calendar 5101–5102

Chinese calendar 壬申年 (Water Monkey)
2290 or 2083
— to —
癸酉年 (Water Rooster)
2291 or 2084

Coptic calendar −691 – −690

Discordian calendar 759

Ethiopian calendar −415 – −414

Hebrew calendar 3353–3354

Hindu calendars

- Vikram Samvat −351 – −350

- Shaka Samvat N/A

- Kali Yuga 2693–2694

Holocene calendar 9593

Iranian calendar 1029 BP – 1028 BP

Islamic calendar 1061 BH – 1060 BH

Javanese calendar N/A

Julian calendar N/A

Korean calendar 1926

Minguo calendar 2319 before ROC
民前2319年

Nanakshahi calendar −1875

Thai solar calendar 135–136

Tibetan calendar 阳水猴年
(male Water-Monkey)
−281 or −662 or −1434
— to —
阴水鸡年
(female Water-Rooster)
−280 or −661 or −1433

Year 408 BC was a year of the pre-Julian Roman calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Tribunate of Iullus, Ahala and Cossus (or, less frequently, year 346 Ab urbe condita ). The denomination 408 BC for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.

Events

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By place

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Persian Empire

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King Darius II of Persia decides to continue the war against Athens and give support to the Spartans. His wife, Parysatis, persuades him to appoint his younger son, Cyrus, as satrap (governor) of Lydia, Phrygia, and Cappadocia and commander in chief of the Achaemenian forces in Asia Minor in place of Tissaphernes.
Tissaphernes' influence is limited to the satrapy of Caria. Darius II also gives Cyrus funds to re-create the Spartan fleet and sends him to Sardis with instructions to increase Persian support for Sparta. Cyrus begins to collect an army of mercenaries (including Greeks) for his own ends.

Greece

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Alcibiades enters Athens in triumph after an absence of 7 years. He leads the religious procession from Athens to Eleusis, thus atoning for his alleged impiety in 415 BC when he was held to have joined in profaning the Sacred Mysteries. Alcibiades is appointed commander-in-chief with autocratic powers and leaves for Samos to rejoin his fleet.
The Spartan admiral Lysander arrives at Ephesus in autumn and builds up a great fleet with help from the new Persian satrap, Cyrus.
At the Panhellenic gathering at Olympia, the philosopher Gorgias speaks out against the Spartan alliance with Persia.
In 408 BC, the three city-states of the island of Rhodes (Ialysos, Kamiros, Lindos) unite and create the homonymous city on the northernmost part of the island.

By topic

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Literature

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Euripides' plays Orestes and The Phoenician Women are performed. Euripides then leaves Athens in dissatisfaction and travels to the court of Archelaus I of Macedon at the King's invitation.

Births

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Eudoxus of Cnidus, Greek astronomer, mathematician, physician, scholar and adherent of Pythagoras (d. c. 355 BC)
Dion, tyrant of Syracuse (d. c. 354 BC)