2 2D and 3D Plotting Procedures

The plotting procedures exported by plot/no-gui produce bitmap% and pict instances, and write to files. They do not require racket/gui, so they work in headless environments; for example, a Linux terminal with DISPLAY unset.

The plot module re-exports everything exported by plot/no-gui, as well as plot , plot3d , and other procedures that create interactive plots and plot frames. Interactive plotting procedures can always be imported, but fail when called if there is no working display or racket/gui is not present.

Each 3D plotting procedure behaves the same way as its corresponding 2D procedure, but takes the additional keyword arguments #:z-min, #:z-max, #:angle, #:altitude and #:z-label.

2.1GUI Plotting Procedures🔗 i

(require plot ) package: plot-gui-lib

procedure
( plot renderer-tree
[ #:x-minx-min
#:x-maxx-max
#:y-miny-min
#:y-maxy-max
#:widthwidth
#:heightheight
#:titletitle
#:x-labelx-label
#:y-labely-label
#:aspect-ratioaspect-ratio
#:legend-anchorlegend-anchor
#:out-fileout-file
#:out-kindout-kind])
→(or/c (and/c (is-a?/c snip% )(is-a?/c plot-metrics<%> ))void? )
renderer-tree:(treeof (or/c renderer2d? nonrenderer? ))
x-min:(or/c rational? #f)=#f
x-max:(or/c rational? #f)=#f
y-min:(or/c rational? #f)=#f
y-max:(or/c rational? #f)=#f
width:exact-positive-integer? =(plot-width )
height:exact-positive-integer? =(plot-height )
title:(or/c string? pict? #f)=(plot-title )
x-label:(or/c string? pict? #f)=(plot-x-label )
y-label:(or/c string? pict? #f)=(plot-y-label )

aspect-ratio : (or/c (and/c rational? positive? )#f)
= (plot-aspect-ratio )
legend-anchor:legend-anchor/c =(plot-legend-anchor )
out-file:(or/c path-string? output-port? #f)=#f
out-kind:plot-file-format/c ='auto

Plots a 2D renderer or list of renderers (or more generally, a tree of renderers), as returned by points , function , contours , discrete-histogram , and others.

By default, plot produces a Racket value that is displayed as an image and can be manipulated like any other value. For example, they may be put in lists:

> (parameterize ([plot-width 150]
[plot-height 150]
[plot-x-label #f]
[plot-y-label #f])
(list (plot (function sin (- pi )pi ))
(plot (function sqr -22))))

'([画像:image][画像:image])

When the parameter plot-new-window? is #t, plot opens a new window to display the plot and returns (void ).

When #:out-file is given, plot writes the plot to a file using plot-file as well as returning a snip% or opening a new window.

When given, the x-min, x-max, y-min and y-max arguments determine the bounds of the plot, but not the bounds of the renderers. For example,

When given, the aspect-ratio argument defines the aspect ratio of the plot area, see plot-aspect-ratio for more details.

> (plot (function (λ (x)(sin (* 4x)))-11)
#:x-min-1.5#:x-max1.5#:y-min-1.5#:y-max1.5)

[画像:image]

Here, the renderer draws in [-1,1] × [-1,1], but the plot area is [-1.5,1.5] × [-1.5,1.5].

Deprecated keywords. The #:fgcolor and #:bgcolor keyword arguments are currently supported for backward compatibility, but may not be in the future. Please set the plot-foreground and plot-background parameters instead of using these keyword arguments. The #:lncolor keyword argument is also accepted for backward compatibility but deprecated. It does nothing.

Changed in version 7.9 of package plot-gui-lib: Added support for pictures for #:title, #:x-label and #:y-label. And to plot the legend outside the plot-area with #:legend-anchor

Changed in version 8.1 of package plot-gui-lib: Added #:aspect-ratio

procedure
( plot3d renderer-tree
[ #:x-minx-min
#:x-maxx-max
#:y-miny-min
#:y-maxy-max
#:z-minz-min
#:z-maxz-max
#:widthwidth
#:heightheight
#:angleangle
#:altitudealtitude
#:titletitle
#:x-labelx-label
#:y-labely-label
#:z-labelz-label
#:aspect-ratioaspect-ratio
#:legend-anchorlegend-anchor
#:out-fileout-file
#:out-kindout-kind])
→(or/c (and/c (is-a?/c snip% )(is-a/cplot-metrics<%> ))void? )
renderer-tree:(treeof (or/c renderer3d? nonrenderer? ))
x-min:(or/c rational? #f)=#f
x-max:(or/c rational? #f)=#f
y-min:(or/c rational? #f)=#f
y-max:(or/c rational? #f)=#f
z-min:(or/c rational? #f)=#f
z-max:(or/c rational? #f)=#f
width:exact-positive-integer? =(plot-width )
height:exact-positive-integer? =(plot-height )
angle:real? =(plot3d-angle )
altitude:real? =(plot3d-altitude )
title:(or/c string? pict? #f)=(plot-title )
x-label:(or/c string? pict? #f)=(plot-x-label )
y-label:(or/c string? pict? #f)=(plot-y-label )
z-label:(or/c string? pict? #f)=(plot-z-label )

aspect-ratio : (or/c (and/c rational? positive? )#f)
= (plot-aspect-ratio )
legend-anchor:legend-anchor/c =(plot-legend-anchor )
out-file:(or/c path-string? output-port? #f)=#f
out-kind:plot-file-format/c ='auto

Plots a 3D renderer or list of renderers (or more generally, a tree of renderers), as returned by points3d , parametric3d , surface3d , isosurface3d , and others.

When the parameter plot-new-window? is #t, plot3d opens a new window to display the plot and returns (void ).

When #:out-file is given, plot3d writes the plot to a file using plot3d-file as well as returning a snip% or opening a new window.

When given, the x-min, x-max, y-min, y-max, z-min and z-max arguments determine the bounds of the plot, but not the bounds of the renderers.

When given, the aspect-ratio argument defines the aspect ratio of the plot area, see plot-aspect-ratio for more details.

The #:az and #:alt keyword arguments are backward-compatible, deprecated aliases for #:angle and #:altitude, respectively.

Changed in version 7.9 of package plot-gui-lib: Added support for pictures for #:title, #:x-label and #:y-label. And to plot the legend outside the plot-area with #:legend-anchor

Changed in version 8.1 of package plot-gui-lib: Added #:aspect-ratio

procedure
( plot-snip <plot-argument>...)
→(and/c (is-a?/c 2d-plot-snip% )(is-a?/c plot-metrics<%> ))
<plot-argument>:<plot-argument-contract>

procedure
( plot3d-snip <plot-argument>...)
→(and/c (is-a?/c snip% )(is-a?/c plot-metrics<%> ))
<plot-argument>:<plot-argument-contract>

procedure
( plot-frame <plot-argument>...)→(is-a?/c frame% )
<plot-argument>:<plot-argument-contract>

procedure
( plot3d-frame <plot-argument>...)→(is-a?/c frame% )
<plot-argument>:<plot-argument-contract>

Plot to different GUI backends. These procedures accept the same arguments as plot and plot3d , except deprecated keywords, and #:out-file and #:out-kind.

Use plot-frame and plot3d-frame to create a frame% regardless of the value of plot-new-window? . The frame is initially hidden.

Use plot-snip and plot3d-snip to create an interactive snip% regardless of the value of plot-new-window? .

The snip% objects returned by plot-snip can be used to construct interactive plots. See Interactive Overlays for 2D plots for more details.

2.2Non-GUI Plotting Procedures🔗 i

(require plot/no-gui ) package: plot-lib

procedure
( plot-file renderer-tree
output
[ kind]
#:<plot-keyword><plot-keyword>...) → void?
renderer-tree:(treeof (or/c renderer2d? nonrenderer? ))
output:(or/c path-string? output-port? )
kind:plot-file-format/c ='auto
<plot-keyword>:<plot-keyword-contract>

procedure
( plot3d-file renderer-tree
output
[ kind]
#:<plot3d-keyword><plot3d-keyword>...) → void?
renderer-tree:(treeof (or/c renderer3d? nonrenderer? ))
output:(or/c path-string? output-port? )
kind:plot-file-format/c ='auto
<plot3d-keyword>:<plot3d-keyword-contract>

procedure
( plot-pict <plot-argument>...)→plot-pict?
<plot-argument>:<plot-argument-contract>

procedure
( plot3d-pict <plot3d-argument>...)→plot-pict?
<plot3d-argument>:<plot3d-argument-contract>

procedure
( plot-bitmap <plot-argument>...)
→(and/c (is-a?/c bitmap% )(is-a?/c plot-metrics<%> ))
<plot-argument>:<plot-argument-contract>

procedure
( plot3d-bitmap <plot3d-argument>...)
→(and/c (is-a?/c bitmap% )(is-a?/c plot-metrics<%> ))
<plot3d-argument>:<plot3d-argument-contract>

Plot to different non-GUI backends. These procedures accept the same arguments as plot and plot3d , except deprecated keywords, and #:out-file and #:out-kind.

Use plot-file or plot3d-file to save a plot to a file. When creating a JPEG file, the parameter plot-jpeg-quality determines its quality. When creating a PostScript or PDF file, the parameter plot-ps/pdf-interactive? determines whether the user is given a dialog to set printing parameters. (See post-script-dc% and pdf-dc% .) When kind is 'auto, plot-file and plot3d-file try to determine from the file name extension the kind of file to write.

Use plot-pict or plot3d-pict to create a pict . For example, this program creates a slide containing a 2D plot of a parabola:

#lang slideshow
(require plot )

(plot-font-size (current-font-size ))
(plot-width (current-para-width ))
(plot-height 600)
(plot-background-alpha 1/2)

(slide
#:title"A 2D Parabola"
(plot-pict (function sqr -11#:label"y = x^2")))

Use plot-bitmap or plot3d-bitmap to create a bitmap% .

procedure
( plot/dc renderer-tree
dc
x
y
width
height
#:<plot-keyword><plot-keyword>...)
→(is-a?/c plot-metrics<%> )
renderer-tree:(treeof (or/c renderer2d? nonrenderer? ))
dc:(is-a?/c dc<%> )
x:real?
y:real?
width:(>=/c 0)
height:(>=/c 0)
<plot-keyword>:<plot-keyword-contract>

procedure
( plot3d/dc renderer-tree
dc
x
y
width
height
#:<plot3d-keyword><plot3d-keyword>...)
→(is-a?/c plot-metrics<%> )
renderer-tree:(treeof (or/c renderer3d? nonrenderer? ))
dc:(is-a?/c dc<%> )
x:real?
y:real?
width:(>=/c 0)
height:(>=/c 0)
<plot3d-keyword>:<plot3d-keyword-contract>

Plot to an arbitrary device context, in the rectangle with width width, height height, and upper-left corner x,y. These procedures accept the same arguments as plot and plot3d , except deprecated keywords, and #:out-file and #:out-kind.

Use these if you need to continually update a plot on a canvas% , or to create other plot -like functions with different backends.

2.3Pict-Plotting Work-a-Likes🔗 i

(require plot/pict ) package: plot-lib

When setting up an evaluator for a Scribble manual, require plot/pict instead of plot. Evaluation will produce picts instead of snips, which scale nicely in PDF-rendered documentation.

For example, this is how the evaluator for the Plot documentation is defined:

(define plot-eval
(let ([eval (make-base-eval)])
(eval '(begin
(requireracket/math
racket/match
racket/list
racket/draw
racket/class
plot/pict
plot/utils)))
eval ))

If you use (require (for-label plot )), links in example code should resolve to documentation for the functions exported by plot.

procedure
( plot <plot-argument>...)→pict?
<plot-argument>:<plot-argument-contract>

procedure
( plot3d <plot3d-argument>...)→pict?
<plot3d-argument>:<plot3d-argument-contract>

Like the functions of the same name exported from plot, but these produce pict instances instead of interactive snips.

2.4Bitmap-Plotting Work-a-Likes🔗 i

(require plot/bitmap ) package: plot-lib

When plotting in an environment where bitmap% instances can be shown but snip% instances cannot (for example, on a web page that evaluates Racket code), require plot/bitmap instead of plot.

procedure
( plot <plot-argument>...)→(is-a?/c bitmap% )
<plot-argument>:<plot-argument-contract>

procedure
( plot3d <plot3d-argument>...)→(is-a?/c bitmap% )
<plot3d-argument>:<plot3d-argument-contract>

Like the functions of the same name exported from plot, but these produce bitmap% instances instead of interactive snips.

top ← prev up next →