CWE

Common Weakness Enumeration

A community-developed list of SW & HW weaknesses that can become vulnerabilities
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ID
CWE Glossary Definition

CWE VIEW: Weaknesses in the 2011 CWE/SANS Top 25 Most Dangerous Software Errors

View ID: 900
Vulnerability Mapping: PROHIBITED This CWE ID must not be used to map to real-world vulnerabilities
Type: Graph
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Objective
CWE entries in this view (graph) are listed in the 2011 CWE/SANS Top 25 Most Dangerous Software Errors.
Audience
Stakeholder Description
Software Developers By following the Top 25, developers will be able to significantly reduce the number of weaknesses that occur in their software.
Product Customers If a software developer claims to be following the Top 25, then customers can use the weaknesses in this view in order to formulate independent evidence of that claim.
Educators Educators can use this view in multiple ways. For example, if there is a focus on teaching weaknesses, the educator could focus on the Top 25.
Relationships
The following graph shows the tree-like relationships between weaknesses that exist at different levels of abstraction. At the highest level, categories and pillars exist to group weaknesses. Categories (which are not technically weaknesses) are special CWE entries used to group weaknesses that share a common characteristic. Pillars are weaknesses that are described in the most abstract fashion. Below these top-level entries are weaknesses are varying levels of abstraction. Classes are still very abstract, typically independent of any specific language or technology. Base level weaknesses are used to present a more specific type of weakness. A variant is a weakness that is described at a very low level of detail, typically limited to a specific language or technology. A chain is a set of weaknesses that must be reachable consecutively in order to produce an exploitable vulnerability. While a composite is a set of weaknesses that must all be present simultaneously in order to produce an exploitable vulnerability.
Show Details:
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900 - Weaknesses in the 2011 CWE/SANS Top 25 Most Dangerous Software Errors
Category Category - a CWE entry that contains a set of other entries that share a common characteristic. 2011 Top 25 - Weaknesses On the Cusp - (867)
900 (Weaknesses in the 2011 CWE/SANS Top 25 Most Dangerous Software Errors) > 867 (2011 Top 25 - Weaknesses On the Cusp)
Weaknesses in this category are not part of the general Top 25, but they were part of the original nominee list from which the Top 25 was drawn.
* Variant Variant - a weakness that is linked to a certain type of product, typically involving a specific language or technology. More specific than a Base weakness. Variant level weaknesses typically describe issues in terms of 3 to 5 of the following dimensions: behavior, property, technology, language, and resource. Improper Validation of Array Index - (129)
900 (Weaknesses in the 2011 CWE/SANS Top 25 Most Dangerous Software Errors) > 867 (2011 Top 25 - Weaknesses On the Cusp) > 129 (Improper Validation of Array Index)
The product uses untrusted input when calculating or using an array index, but the product does not validate or incorrectly validates the index to ensure the index references a valid position within the array. out-of-bounds array index index-out-of-range array index underflow
* Base Base - a weakness that is still mostly independent of a resource or technology, but with sufficient details to provide specific methods for detection and prevention. Base level weaknesses typically describe issues in terms of 2 or 3 of the following dimensions: behavior, property, technology, language, and resource. Generation of Error Message Containing Sensitive Information - (209)
900 (Weaknesses in the 2011 CWE/SANS Top 25 Most Dangerous Software Errors) > 867 (2011 Top 25 - Weaknesses On the Cusp) > 209 (Generation of Error Message Containing Sensitive Information)
The product generates an error message that includes sensitive information about its environment, users, or associated data.
* Base Base - a weakness that is still mostly independent of a resource or technology, but with sufficient details to provide specific methods for detection and prevention. Base level weaknesses typically describe issues in terms of 2 or 3 of the following dimensions: behavior, property, technology, language, and resource. Improper Removal of Sensitive Information Before Storage or Transfer - (212)
900 (Weaknesses in the 2011 CWE/SANS Top 25 Most Dangerous Software Errors) > 867 (2011 Top 25 - Weaknesses On the Cusp) > 212 (Improper Removal of Sensitive Information Before Storage or Transfer)
The product stores, transfers, or shares a resource that contains sensitive information, but it does not properly remove that information before the product makes the resource available to unauthorized actors.
* Class Class - a weakness that is described in a very abstract fashion, typically independent of any specific language or technology. More specific than a Pillar Weakness, but more general than a Base Weakness. Class level weaknesses typically describe issues in terms of 1 or 2 of the following dimensions: behavior, property, and resource. Use of Insufficiently Random Values - (330)
900 (Weaknesses in the 2011 CWE/SANS Top 25 Most Dangerous Software Errors) > 867 (2011 Top 25 - Weaknesses On the Cusp) > 330 (Use of Insufficiently Random Values)
The product uses insufficiently random numbers or values in a security context that depends on unpredictable numbers.
* Class Class - a weakness that is described in a very abstract fashion, typically independent of any specific language or technology. More specific than a Pillar Weakness, but more general than a Base Weakness. Class level weaknesses typically describe issues in terms of 1 or 2 of the following dimensions: behavior, property, and resource. Concurrent Execution using Shared Resource with Improper Synchronization ('Race Condition') - (362)
900 (Weaknesses in the 2011 CWE/SANS Top 25 Most Dangerous Software Errors) > 867 (2011 Top 25 - Weaknesses On the Cusp) > 362 (Concurrent Execution using Shared Resource with Improper Synchronization ('Race Condition'))
The product contains a concurrent code sequence that requires temporary, exclusive access to a shared resource, but a timing window exists in which the shared resource can be modified by another code sequence operating concurrently. Race Condition
* Variant Variant - a weakness that is linked to a certain type of product, typically involving a specific language or technology. More specific than a Base weakness. Variant level weaknesses typically describe issues in terms of 3 to 5 of the following dimensions: behavior, property, technology, language, and resource. Missing Initialization of a Variable - (456)
900 (Weaknesses in the 2011 CWE/SANS Top 25 Most Dangerous Software Errors) > 867 (2011 Top 25 - Weaknesses On the Cusp) > 456 (Missing Initialization of a Variable)
The product does not initialize critical variables, which causes the execution environment to use unexpected values.
* Base Base - a weakness that is still mostly independent of a resource or technology, but with sufficient details to provide specific methods for detection and prevention. Base level weaknesses typically describe issues in terms of 2 or 3 of the following dimensions: behavior, property, technology, language, and resource. NULL Pointer Dereference - (476)
900 (Weaknesses in the 2011 CWE/SANS Top 25 Most Dangerous Software Errors) > 867 (2011 Top 25 - Weaknesses On the Cusp) > 476 (NULL Pointer Dereference)
The product dereferences a pointer that it expects to be valid but is NULL. NPD null deref NPE nil pointer dereference
* Base Base - a weakness that is still mostly independent of a resource or technology, but with sufficient details to provide specific methods for detection and prevention. Base level weaknesses typically describe issues in terms of 2 or 3 of the following dimensions: behavior, property, technology, language, and resource. Incorrect Conversion between Numeric Types - (681)
900 (Weaknesses in the 2011 CWE/SANS Top 25 Most Dangerous Software Errors) > 867 (2011 Top 25 - Weaknesses On the Cusp) > 681 (Incorrect Conversion between Numeric Types)
When converting from one data type to another, such as long to integer, data can be omitted or translated in a way that produces unexpected values. If the resulting values are used in a sensitive context, then dangerous behaviors may occur.
* Class Class - a weakness that is described in a very abstract fashion, typically independent of any specific language or technology. More specific than a Pillar Weakness, but more general than a Base Weakness. Class level weaknesses typically describe issues in terms of 1 or 2 of the following dimensions: behavior, property, and resource. Improper Check for Unusual or Exceptional Conditions - (754)
900 (Weaknesses in the 2011 CWE/SANS Top 25 Most Dangerous Software Errors) > 867 (2011 Top 25 - Weaknesses On the Cusp) > 754 (Improper Check for Unusual or Exceptional Conditions)
The product does not check or incorrectly checks for unusual or exceptional conditions that are not expected to occur frequently during day to day operation of the product.
* Base Base - a weakness that is still mostly independent of a resource or technology, but with sufficient details to provide specific methods for detection and prevention. Base level weaknesses typically describe issues in terms of 2 or 3 of the following dimensions: behavior, property, technology, language, and resource. Allocation of Resources Without Limits or Throttling - (770)
900 (Weaknesses in the 2011 CWE/SANS Top 25 Most Dangerous Software Errors) > 867 (2011 Top 25 - Weaknesses On the Cusp) > 770 (Allocation of Resources Without Limits or Throttling)
The product allocates a reusable resource or group of resources on behalf of an actor without imposing any intended restrictions on the size or number of resources that can be allocated.
* Base Base - a weakness that is still mostly independent of a resource or technology, but with sufficient details to provide specific methods for detection and prevention. Base level weaknesses typically describe issues in terms of 2 or 3 of the following dimensions: behavior, property, technology, language, and resource. Missing Release of Resource after Effective Lifetime - (772)
900 (Weaknesses in the 2011 CWE/SANS Top 25 Most Dangerous Software Errors) > 867 (2011 Top 25 - Weaknesses On the Cusp) > 772 (Missing Release of Resource after Effective Lifetime)
The product does not release a resource after its effective lifetime has ended, i.e., after the resource is no longer needed.
* Base Base - a weakness that is still mostly independent of a resource or technology, but with sufficient details to provide specific methods for detection and prevention. Base level weaknesses typically describe issues in terms of 2 or 3 of the following dimensions: behavior, property, technology, language, and resource. Buffer Access with Incorrect Length Value - (805)
900 (Weaknesses in the 2011 CWE/SANS Top 25 Most Dangerous Software Errors) > 867 (2011 Top 25 - Weaknesses On the Cusp) > 805 (Buffer Access with Incorrect Length Value)
The product uses a sequential operation to read or write a buffer, but it uses an incorrect length value that causes it to access memory that is outside of the bounds of the buffer.
* Base Base - a weakness that is still mostly independent of a resource or technology, but with sufficient details to provide specific methods for detection and prevention. Base level weaknesses typically describe issues in terms of 2 or 3 of the following dimensions: behavior, property, technology, language, and resource. Untrusted Pointer Dereference - (822)
900 (Weaknesses in the 2011 CWE/SANS Top 25 Most Dangerous Software Errors) > 867 (2011 Top 25 - Weaknesses On the Cusp) > 822 (Untrusted Pointer Dereference)
The product obtains a value from an untrusted source, converts this value to a pointer, and dereferences the resulting pointer.
* Base Base - a weakness that is still mostly independent of a resource or technology, but with sufficient details to provide specific methods for detection and prevention. Base level weaknesses typically describe issues in terms of 2 or 3 of the following dimensions: behavior, property, technology, language, and resource. Expired Pointer Dereference - (825)
900 (Weaknesses in the 2011 CWE/SANS Top 25 Most Dangerous Software Errors) > 867 (2011 Top 25 - Weaknesses On the Cusp) > 825 (Expired Pointer Dereference)
The product dereferences a pointer that contains a location for memory that was previously valid, but is no longer valid. Dangling pointer
* Base Base - a weakness that is still mostly independent of a resource or technology, but with sufficient details to provide specific methods for detection and prevention. Base level weaknesses typically describe issues in terms of 2 or 3 of the following dimensions: behavior, property, technology, language, and resource. Inappropriate Encoding for Output Context - (838)
900 (Weaknesses in the 2011 CWE/SANS Top 25 Most Dangerous Software Errors) > 867 (2011 Top 25 - Weaknesses On the Cusp) > 838 (Inappropriate Encoding for Output Context)
The product uses or specifies an encoding when generating output to a downstream component, but the specified encoding is not the same as the encoding that is expected by the downstream component.
* Base Base - a weakness that is still mostly independent of a resource or technology, but with sufficient details to provide specific methods for detection and prevention. Base level weaknesses typically describe issues in terms of 2 or 3 of the following dimensions: behavior, property, technology, language, and resource. Improper Enforcement of Behavioral Workflow - (841)
900 (Weaknesses in the 2011 CWE/SANS Top 25 Most Dangerous Software Errors) > 867 (2011 Top 25 - Weaknesses On the Cusp) > 841 (Improper Enforcement of Behavioral Workflow)
The product supports a session in which more than one behavior must be performed by an actor, but it does not properly ensure that the actor performs the behaviors in the required sequence.
Category Category - a CWE entry that contains a set of other entries that share a common characteristic. 2011 Top 25 - Porous Defenses - (866)
900 (Weaknesses in the 2011 CWE/SANS Top 25 Most Dangerous Software Errors) > 866 (2011 Top 25 - Porous Defenses)
Weaknesses in this category are listed in the "Porous Defenses" section of the 2011 CWE/SANS Top 25 Most Dangerous Software Errors.
* Base Base - a weakness that is still mostly independent of a resource or technology, but with sufficient details to provide specific methods for detection and prevention. Base level weaknesses typically describe issues in terms of 2 or 3 of the following dimensions: behavior, property, technology, language, and resource. Execution with Unnecessary Privileges - (250)
900 (Weaknesses in the 2011 CWE/SANS Top 25 Most Dangerous Software Errors) > 866 (2011 Top 25 - Porous Defenses) > 250 (Execution with Unnecessary Privileges)
The product performs an operation at a privilege level that is higher than the minimum level required, which creates new weaknesses or amplifies the consequences of other weaknesses.
* Base Base - a weakness that is still mostly independent of a resource or technology, but with sufficient details to provide specific methods for detection and prevention. Base level weaknesses typically describe issues in terms of 2 or 3 of the following dimensions: behavior, property, technology, language, and resource. Missing Authentication for Critical Function - (306)
900 (Weaknesses in the 2011 CWE/SANS Top 25 Most Dangerous Software Errors) > 866 (2011 Top 25 - Porous Defenses) > 306 (Missing Authentication for Critical Function)
The product does not perform any authentication for functionality that requires a provable user identity or consumes a significant amount of resources.
* Base Base - a weakness that is still mostly independent of a resource or technology, but with sufficient details to provide specific methods for detection and prevention. Base level weaknesses typically describe issues in terms of 2 or 3 of the following dimensions: behavior, property, technology, language, and resource. Improper Restriction of Excessive Authentication Attempts - (307)
900 (Weaknesses in the 2011 CWE/SANS Top 25 Most Dangerous Software Errors) > 866 (2011 Top 25 - Porous Defenses) > 307 (Improper Restriction of Excessive Authentication Attempts)
The product does not implement sufficient measures to prevent multiple failed authentication attempts within a short time frame.
* Class Class - a weakness that is described in a very abstract fashion, typically independent of any specific language or technology. More specific than a Pillar Weakness, but more general than a Base Weakness. Class level weaknesses typically describe issues in terms of 1 or 2 of the following dimensions: behavior, property, and resource. Missing Encryption of Sensitive Data - (311)
900 (Weaknesses in the 2011 CWE/SANS Top 25 Most Dangerous Software Errors) > 866 (2011 Top 25 - Porous Defenses) > 311 (Missing Encryption of Sensitive Data)
The product does not encrypt sensitive or critical information before storage or transmission.
* Class Class - a weakness that is described in a very abstract fashion, typically independent of any specific language or technology. More specific than a Pillar Weakness, but more general than a Base Weakness. Class level weaknesses typically describe issues in terms of 1 or 2 of the following dimensions: behavior, property, and resource. Use of a Broken or Risky Cryptographic Algorithm - (327)
900 (Weaknesses in the 2011 CWE/SANS Top 25 Most Dangerous Software Errors) > 866 (2011 Top 25 - Porous Defenses) > 327 (Use of a Broken or Risky Cryptographic Algorithm)
The product uses a broken or risky cryptographic algorithm or protocol.
* Class Class - a weakness that is described in a very abstract fashion, typically independent of any specific language or technology. More specific than a Pillar Weakness, but more general than a Base Weakness. Class level weaknesses typically describe issues in terms of 1 or 2 of the following dimensions: behavior, property, and resource. Incorrect Permission Assignment for Critical Resource - (732)
900 (Weaknesses in the 2011 CWE/SANS Top 25 Most Dangerous Software Errors) > 866 (2011 Top 25 - Porous Defenses) > 732 (Incorrect Permission Assignment for Critical Resource)
The product specifies permissions for a security-critical resource in a way that allows that resource to be read or modified by unintended actors.
* Variant Variant - a weakness that is linked to a certain type of product, typically involving a specific language or technology. More specific than a Base weakness. Variant level weaknesses typically describe issues in terms of 3 to 5 of the following dimensions: behavior, property, technology, language, and resource. Use of a One-Way Hash without a Salt - (759)
900 (Weaknesses in the 2011 CWE/SANS Top 25 Most Dangerous Software Errors) > 866 (2011 Top 25 - Porous Defenses) > 759 (Use of a One-Way Hash without a Salt)
The product uses a one-way cryptographic hash against an input that should not be reversible, such as a password, but the product does not also use a salt as part of the input.
* Base Base - a weakness that is still mostly independent of a resource or technology, but with sufficient details to provide specific methods for detection and prevention. Base level weaknesses typically describe issues in terms of 2 or 3 of the following dimensions: behavior, property, technology, language, and resource. Use of Hard-coded Credentials - (798)
900 (Weaknesses in the 2011 CWE/SANS Top 25 Most Dangerous Software Errors) > 866 (2011 Top 25 - Porous Defenses) > 798 (Use of Hard-coded Credentials)
The product contains hard-coded credentials, such as a password or cryptographic key.
* Base Base - a weakness that is still mostly independent of a resource or technology, but with sufficient details to provide specific methods for detection and prevention. Base level weaknesses typically describe issues in terms of 2 or 3 of the following dimensions: behavior, property, technology, language, and resource. Reliance on Untrusted Inputs in a Security Decision - (807)
900 (Weaknesses in the 2011 CWE/SANS Top 25 Most Dangerous Software Errors) > 866 (2011 Top 25 - Porous Defenses) > 807 (Reliance on Untrusted Inputs in a Security Decision)
The product uses a protection mechanism that relies on the existence or values of an input, but the input can be modified by an untrusted actor in a way that bypasses the protection mechanism.
* Class Class - a weakness that is described in a very abstract fashion, typically independent of any specific language or technology. More specific than a Pillar Weakness, but more general than a Base Weakness. Class level weaknesses typically describe issues in terms of 1 or 2 of the following dimensions: behavior, property, and resource. Missing Authorization - (862)
900 (Weaknesses in the 2011 CWE/SANS Top 25 Most Dangerous Software Errors) > 866 (2011 Top 25 - Porous Defenses) > 862 (Missing Authorization)
The product does not perform an authorization check when an actor attempts to access a resource or perform an action. AuthZ
* Class Class - a weakness that is described in a very abstract fashion, typically independent of any specific language or technology. More specific than a Pillar Weakness, but more general than a Base Weakness. Class level weaknesses typically describe issues in terms of 1 or 2 of the following dimensions: behavior, property, and resource. Incorrect Authorization - (863)
900 (Weaknesses in the 2011 CWE/SANS Top 25 Most Dangerous Software Errors) > 866 (2011 Top 25 - Porous Defenses) > 863 (Incorrect Authorization)
The product performs an authorization check when an actor attempts to access a resource or perform an action, but it does not correctly perform the check. AuthZ
Category Category - a CWE entry that contains a set of other entries that share a common characteristic. 2011 Top 25 - Risky Resource Management - (865)
900 (Weaknesses in the 2011 CWE/SANS Top 25 Most Dangerous Software Errors) > 865 (2011 Top 25 - Risky Resource Management)
Weaknesses in this category are listed in the "Risky Resource Management" section of the 2011 CWE/SANS Top 25 Most Dangerous Software Errors.
* Base Base - a weakness that is still mostly independent of a resource or technology, but with sufficient details to provide specific methods for detection and prevention. Base level weaknesses typically describe issues in terms of 2 or 3 of the following dimensions: behavior, property, technology, language, and resource. Buffer Copy without Checking Size of Input ('Classic Buffer Overflow') - (120)
900 (Weaknesses in the 2011 CWE/SANS Top 25 Most Dangerous Software Errors) > 865 (2011 Top 25 - Risky Resource Management) > 120 (Buffer Copy without Checking Size of Input ('Classic Buffer Overflow'))
The product copies an input buffer to an output buffer without verifying that the size of the input buffer is less than the size of the output buffer. Classic Buffer Overflow Unbounded Transfer
* Base Base - a weakness that is still mostly independent of a resource or technology, but with sufficient details to provide specific methods for detection and prevention. Base level weaknesses typically describe issues in terms of 2 or 3 of the following dimensions: behavior, property, technology, language, and resource. Incorrect Calculation of Buffer Size - (131)
900 (Weaknesses in the 2011 CWE/SANS Top 25 Most Dangerous Software Errors) > 865 (2011 Top 25 - Risky Resource Management) > 131 (Incorrect Calculation of Buffer Size)
The product does not correctly calculate the size to be used when allocating a buffer, which could lead to a buffer overflow.
* Base Base - a weakness that is still mostly independent of a resource or technology, but with sufficient details to provide specific methods for detection and prevention. Base level weaknesses typically describe issues in terms of 2 or 3 of the following dimensions: behavior, property, technology, language, and resource. Use of Externally-Controlled Format String - (134)
900 (Weaknesses in the 2011 CWE/SANS Top 25 Most Dangerous Software Errors) > 865 (2011 Top 25 - Risky Resource Management) > 134 (Use of Externally-Controlled Format String)
The product uses a function that accepts a format string as an argument, but the format string originates from an external source.
* Base Base - a weakness that is still mostly independent of a resource or technology, but with sufficient details to provide specific methods for detection and prevention. Base level weaknesses typically describe issues in terms of 2 or 3 of the following dimensions: behavior, property, technology, language, and resource. Integer Overflow or Wraparound - (190)
900 (Weaknesses in the 2011 CWE/SANS Top 25 Most Dangerous Software Errors) > 865 (2011 Top 25 - Risky Resource Management) > 190 (Integer Overflow or Wraparound)
The product performs a calculation that can produce an integer overflow or wraparound when the logic assumes that the resulting value will always be larger than the original value. This occurs when an integer value is incremented to a value that is too large to store in the associated representation. When this occurs, the value may become a very small or negative number. Overflow Wraparound wrap, wrap-around, wrap around
* Base Base - a weakness that is still mostly independent of a resource or technology, but with sufficient details to provide specific methods for detection and prevention. Base level weaknesses typically describe issues in terms of 2 or 3 of the following dimensions: behavior, property, technology, language, and resource. Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal') - (22)
900 (Weaknesses in the 2011 CWE/SANS Top 25 Most Dangerous Software Errors) > 865 (2011 Top 25 - Risky Resource Management) > 22 (Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal'))
The product uses external input to construct a pathname that is intended to identify a file or directory that is located underneath a restricted parent directory, but the product does not properly neutralize special elements within the pathname that can cause the pathname to resolve to a location that is outside of the restricted directory. Directory traversal Path traversal
* Base Base - a weakness that is still mostly independent of a resource or technology, but with sufficient details to provide specific methods for detection and prevention. Base level weaknesses typically describe issues in terms of 2 or 3 of the following dimensions: behavior, property, technology, language, and resource. Download of Code Without Integrity Check - (494)
900 (Weaknesses in the 2011 CWE/SANS Top 25 Most Dangerous Software Errors) > 865 (2011 Top 25 - Risky Resource Management) > 494 (Download of Code Without Integrity Check)
The product downloads source code or an executable from a remote location and executes the code without sufficiently verifying the origin and integrity of the code.
* Base Base - a weakness that is still mostly independent of a resource or technology, but with sufficient details to provide specific methods for detection and prevention. Base level weaknesses typically describe issues in terms of 2 or 3 of the following dimensions: behavior, property, technology, language, and resource. Use of Potentially Dangerous Function - (676)
900 (Weaknesses in the 2011 CWE/SANS Top 25 Most Dangerous Software Errors) > 865 (2011 Top 25 - Risky Resource Management) > 676 (Use of Potentially Dangerous Function)
The product invokes a potentially dangerous function that could introduce a vulnerability if it is used incorrectly, but the function can also be used safely.
Category Category - a CWE entry that contains a set of other entries that share a common characteristic. 2011 Top 25 - Insecure Interaction Between Components - (864)
900 (Weaknesses in the 2011 CWE/SANS Top 25 Most Dangerous Software Errors) > 864 (2011 Top 25 - Insecure Interaction Between Components)
Weaknesses in this category are listed in the "Insecure Interaction Between Components" section of the 2011 CWE/SANS Top 25 Most Dangerous Software Errors.
* Composite Composite - a Compound Element that consists of two or more distinct weaknesses, in which all weaknesses must be present at the same time in order for a potential vulnerability to arise. Removing any of the weaknesses eliminates or sharply reduces the risk. One weakness, X, can be "broken down" into component weaknesses Y and Z. There can be cases in which one weakness might not be essential to a composite, but changes the nature of the composite when it becomes a vulnerability. Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF) - (352)
900 (Weaknesses in the 2011 CWE/SANS Top 25 Most Dangerous Software Errors) > 864 (2011 Top 25 - Insecure Interaction Between Components) > 352 (Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF))
The web application does not, or cannot, sufficiently verify whether a request was intentionally provided by the user who sent the request, which could have originated from an unauthorized actor. Session Riding Cross Site Reference Forgery XSRF CSRF
* Base Base - a weakness that is still mostly independent of a resource or technology, but with sufficient details to provide specific methods for detection and prevention. Base level weaknesses typically describe issues in terms of 2 or 3 of the following dimensions: behavior, property, technology, language, and resource. Unrestricted Upload of File with Dangerous Type - (434)
900 (Weaknesses in the 2011 CWE/SANS Top 25 Most Dangerous Software Errors) > 864 (2011 Top 25 - Insecure Interaction Between Components) > 434 (Unrestricted Upload of File with Dangerous Type)
The product allows the upload or transfer of dangerous file types that are automatically processed within its environment. Unrestricted File Upload
* Base Base - a weakness that is still mostly independent of a resource or technology, but with sufficient details to provide specific methods for detection and prevention. Base level weaknesses typically describe issues in terms of 2 or 3 of the following dimensions: behavior, property, technology, language, and resource. URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect') - (601)
900 (Weaknesses in the 2011 CWE/SANS Top 25 Most Dangerous Software Errors) > 864 (2011 Top 25 - Insecure Interaction Between Components) > 601 (URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect'))
The web application accepts a user-controlled input that specifies a link to an external site, and uses that link in a redirect. Open Redirect Cross-site Redirect Cross-domain Redirect Unvalidated Redirect Drive-by download
* Base Base - a weakness that is still mostly independent of a resource or technology, but with sufficient details to provide specific methods for detection and prevention. Base level weaknesses typically describe issues in terms of 2 or 3 of the following dimensions: behavior, property, technology, language, and resource. Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection') - (78)
900 (Weaknesses in the 2011 CWE/SANS Top 25 Most Dangerous Software Errors) > 864 (2011 Top 25 - Insecure Interaction Between Components) > 78 (Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection'))
The product constructs all or part of an OS command using externally-influenced input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify the intended OS command when it is sent to a downstream component. Shell injection Shell metacharacters OS Command Injection
* Base Base - a weakness that is still mostly independent of a resource or technology, but with sufficient details to provide specific methods for detection and prevention. Base level weaknesses typically describe issues in terms of 2 or 3 of the following dimensions: behavior, property, technology, language, and resource. Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting') - (79)
900 (Weaknesses in the 2011 CWE/SANS Top 25 Most Dangerous Software Errors) > 864 (2011 Top 25 - Insecure Interaction Between Components) > 79 (Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting'))
The product does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes user-controllable input before it is placed in output that is used as a web page that is served to other users. XSS HTML Injection Reflected XSS / Non-Persistent XSS / Type 1 XSS Stored XSS / Persistent XSS / Type 2 XSS DOM-Based XSS / Type 0 XSS CSS
* Base Base - a weakness that is still mostly independent of a resource or technology, but with sufficient details to provide specific methods for detection and prevention. Base level weaknesses typically describe issues in terms of 2 or 3 of the following dimensions: behavior, property, technology, language, and resource. Inclusion of Functionality from Untrusted Control Sphere - (829)
900 (Weaknesses in the 2011 CWE/SANS Top 25 Most Dangerous Software Errors) > 864 (2011 Top 25 - Insecure Interaction Between Components) > 829 (Inclusion of Functionality from Untrusted Control Sphere)
The product imports, requires, or includes executable functionality (such as a library) from a source that is outside of the intended control sphere.
* Base Base - a weakness that is still mostly independent of a resource or technology, but with sufficient details to provide specific methods for detection and prevention. Base level weaknesses typically describe issues in terms of 2 or 3 of the following dimensions: behavior, property, technology, language, and resource. Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an SQL Command ('SQL Injection') - (89)
900 (Weaknesses in the 2011 CWE/SANS Top 25 Most Dangerous Software Errors) > 864 (2011 Top 25 - Insecure Interaction Between Components) > 89 (Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an SQL Command ('SQL Injection'))
The product constructs all or part of an SQL command using externally-influenced input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify the intended SQL command when it is sent to a downstream component. Without sufficient removal or quoting of SQL syntax in user-controllable inputs, the generated SQL query can cause those inputs to be interpreted as SQL instead of ordinary user data. SQL injection SQLi
Vulnerability Mapping Notes

Usage: PROHIBITED

(this CWE ID must not be used to map to real-world vulnerabilities)

Reason: View

Rationale:

This entry is a View. Views are not weaknesses and therefore inappropriate to describe the root causes of vulnerabilities.

Comments:

Use this View or other Views to search and navigate for the appropriate weakness.
References
[REF-843] "2011 CWE/SANS Top 25 Most Dangerous Software Errors". 2011年06月27日. <https://cwe.mitre.org/top25/archive/2011/2011_cwe_sans_top25.html>. URL validated: 2024年11月17日.
View Metrics
CWEs in this view Total CWEs
Weaknesses 41 out of 944
Categories 4 out of 375
Views 0 out of 52
Total 45 out of 1371
Content History
Submissions
Submission Date Submitter Organization
2011年06月25日
(CWE 2.0, 2011年06月27日) 		CWE Content Team MITRE
Modifications
Modification Date Modifier Organization
2017年11月08日 CWE Content Team MITRE
updated References
2019年06月20日 CWE Content Team MITRE
updated References
2020年02月24日 CWE Content Team MITRE
updated View_Audience
2023年06月29日 CWE Content Team MITRE
updated Mapping_Notes
2024年11月19日
(CWE 4.16, 2024年11月19日) 		CWE Content Team MITRE
updated References
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Page Last Updated: September 09, 2025

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