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· bt3gl

Class

We subclass from Python's object to get a class:

class Human(object):

 # A class attribute. It is shared by all instances of this class
 species = "H. sapiens"

 # Basic initializer, this is called when this class is instantiated.
 def __init__(self, name):
 # Assign the argument to the instance's name attribute
 self.name = name

 # An instance method. All methods take "self" as the first argument
 def say(self, msg):
 return "%s: %s" % (self.name, msg)

 # A class method is shared among all instances
 # They are called with the calling class as the first argument
 @classmethod
 def get_species(cls):
 return cls.species

 # A static method is called without a class or instance reference
 @staticmethod
 def grunt():
 return "*grunt*"

Testing

Instantiate a Class:

i = Human(name="Ian")
print(i.say("hi")) # prints out "Ian: hi"


j = Human("Joel")
print(j.say("hello")) # prints out "Joel: hello"

Call our Class Method:

i.get_species() # => "H. sapiens"

Change the Shared Attribute:

Human.species = "H. neanderthalensis"
i.get_species() # => "H. neanderthalensis"
j.get_species() # => "H. neanderthalensis"

Call the Static Method:

Human.grunt() # => "*grunt*"

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