Foundational questions in logic, mathematics, computer science and physics are constant sources of epistemological debate in contemporary philosophy. To what extent is the transfinite part of mathematics completely trustworthy? Why is there a general 'malaise' concerning the logical approach to the foundations of mathematics? What is the role of symmetry in physics? Is it possible to build a coherent worldview compatible with a macroobjectivistic position and based on the quantum picture of the world? What account can be given of opinion change in the light of new evidence? These are some of the questions discussed in this volume, which collects 14 lectures on the foundation of science given at the School of Philosophy of Science, Trieste, October 1989. The volume will be of particular interest to any student or scholar engaged in interdisciplinary research into the foundations of science in the context of contemporary debates.
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Part 1 Logic, mathematics and information: theory of deduction, C. Cellucci
an introduction to modal semantics, F. Bellissima
complexity of logical decision problems - an introduction, E. Boerger
remarks on Hilbert's programme for the foundation of mathematics, D. Prawitz
working foundations, S. Feferman
minds and brains, algorithms and machines, K. Tahir Shah
remarks on information and mind, G. Longo. Part 2 Physics and probability: axioms and paradoxes in special relativity, P. Budinicii
the quantum worldview - its difficulties and an attempt to overcome them, G.C. Ghirardi
indeterminism, non-separability and the Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen paradox, T. Weber
sigma-convex structures of the sets of states and probability measures in quantum mechanics, G. Cassinelli and P.J. Lahti
the "logical" approach to quantum theory, G. Cattaneo
individuals, kinds and names in physics, M.L. Dalia Chiara and G.T. Di Francia
symmetries of probability kinematics, B. van Fraassen.