The critical technological issues facing Europe in the 1990s are addressed by the contributors. They assess the strengths and weaknesses of European technology and industry in comparison with Japan and the USA and considers the regulatory problems related to market structures and environmental protection. "De-regulation" has in fact often led to greater emphasis on agreed rules of the game in such areas as telecommunications and standards. The book embodies the results of much recent research at the Science Policy Research Unit. This comparative assessment of technological strength in key sectors of the economy argues that there is little justification for complacency about 1992. Europe lags behind in several key technologies. Moreover, whilst technological rivalry between European, Japanese, American and other firms is indeed a powerful stimulus to technological advance, it cannot in itself resolve many of the complex problems confronting the European Community and the entire World economy, such as environmental degradation, industrial and nuclear wastes, new energy sources and infra-structural development.
The final part of the book deals with the main regulatory and policy issues in which it is vital for the EC to give a lead towards a sustainable path of global economic development in the 1990s.
目次
Part 1 The background of European industry and technology: the global context of new technology, C. Freeman and C.H.G. Oldham
the changing patterns of production and trade - some implications for European technological activities, M.L. Matthews and C.T. Saunders
the EC in the global energy context, A.J. Surrey
East and West Europe, M.H. Kaldor
Europe's technological performance - how Europe compares with US and Japan in science and technology, K.L.R. Pavitt
the Single Market and European policies for advanced technologies, M.L. Sharp. Part 2 Information and communication technology: the European semiconductor industry - resurgence and rationalization, M.G. Hobday
innovation and global competition in the European computer industry, G.N. von Tunzelmann et al
computer software - the vital constraint?, P. Quintas and T.M. Brady
computer-aided design in Europe, P.J. Senker and P. Simmmonds
evolution telecommunication infrastructures - organizing the new European community marketplace, R.E. Mansell and K. Morgan
electronic consumer goods, A. Cawson and P. Holmes
new telematic services in Europe - the 1992 prospect, N.S.B. Jagger and I.D. Miles. Part 3 Other industries and technologies: mechatronics and the machinery industry, J. Bessant and W. Haywood
globalization of the automobile industry - the challenge for Europe, A.P. Graves
the defence industry, W.B. Walker
the chemical industry - bulk chemicals and specialities, P.L. Cook and M.L. Sharp
bio-technology, P.L. Cook and M.L. Sharp
technological change and the internationalization of construction in Europe, D.M. Gann
cross-industry comparisons of Japan/US/Europe sectoral strengths and weaknesses - globalization?, P. Patel and K.L.R. Pavitt. Part 4 Policy issues: the environmental challenge in Europe, S.A. Boehmer-Christiansen and J.F. Skea
the limits of harmonization - regulating industrial wastes in Europe, F. Berkhout
European utilities under pressure - new regimes for the electricity and telecommunications industries, F. McGowan and R.E. Mansell
policies for consumer protection in Europe - the quality of food, E.P. Millstone
standards, M. Rosario and S.K. Schmidt. Part 5 Conclusions: technology, competition, regulation and the environment - how to sustain European technological dynamism, whilst promoting environmental and social goals, the Editors.