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Problem: the standard C character handling functions from ctype.h 
(isalpha, isdigit, isxdigit, isspace, toupper, tolower, etc.) are locale 
aware, but for almost all uses CPython needs locale-unaware versions of 
these.
There are various solutions in the current source:
- there's a file Include/bytes_methods.h which provides suitable 
ISDIGIT/ISALPHA/... macros, but also undefines the standard functions.
As it is, it can't be included in Python.h since that would break
3rd party code that includes Python.h and also uses isdigit.
- some files have their own solution: Python/pystrtod.c defines
its own (probably inefficient) ISDIGIT and ISSPACE macros.
- in some places the standard C functions are just used directly (and 
possibly incorrectly). A gotcha here is that one has to remember to use 
Py_CHARMASK to avoid errors on some platforms. (See issue 3633 for an 
example.)
It would be nice to clean all this up, and have one central, efficient, 
easy-to-use set of Py_ISDIGIT/Py_ISALPHA ... locale-independent macros (or 
functions) that could be used safely throughout the Python source.