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Eric touched on the use when he said the following above:
> It's nice to be able to distinguish between the failure to *find* the module during import from other uses of ImportError.
To make up one example, you might want to use a fallback module if a package isn't installed:
 try:
 from fancy_parser import NewParser as HTMLParser
 except ModuleNotFoundError:
 from html.parser import HTMLParser
But you might still want an error if the package is installed, though incorrectly (e.g. fancy_parser is installed, but an old version that doesn't have NewParser). Catching ImportError would swallow this error, whereas ModuleNotFoundError would let it bubble up.