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On Debian stable (Python 3.4), with the LANGUAGE environment variable set to "C" or "en_US.UTF-8", the following produces a string:
d = gettext.textdomain('apt-listchanges')
print(gettext.lgettext("Informational notes"))
However, setting the language, for example fi_FI.UTF-8, it will output a bytes object. Same apparently happens with some other languages, too.
Why is this? The discrepancy is not documented anywhere, AFAIK. Is this a bug or intended behavior depending on some (undocumented) circumstances? Given both the above examples define UTF-8 as the encoding, the result value does not depend directly on the encoding. 
The docs say lgettext should merely return the translation in a particular encoding. It does not say the return value will be switched from a string to bytes as well.
I saw this originally in the Debian bug tracker and thought the issue merits at least clarification here as well (link to Debian bug below for reference).
(https://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=818728)
No idea if this happens on Python > 3.4 or another platforms. I would guess so, but have not had time to confirm.