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According to http://www.sockets.com/winsock.htm#GetSockOpt
"The integer pointed to by optlen should originally contain
the size of this buffer; on return, it will be set to the
size of the value returned. For SO_LINGER, this will be the
size of a struct linger; for all other options it will be
the size of an integer." 
The size of a linger struct is 4 bytes. 
I would agree that the Python documentation for
socket.getsockopt is a little confusing.
"Get a socket option. See the Unix manual for level and
option. If a nonzero buffersize argument is given, the
return value is a string of that length; otherwise it is an
integer."
Perhaps just refer users to the OSes documentation on its
implementation of sockets?
Matt