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I've revised the patch based on the second round of comments from Martin. I've removed the ifdef test for CO_TYPE and assumed it is always available. That means fdtype() should be available on all platforms.
I did not change the test as suggested to call s.detach(), I think my test code should work okay. The compare of 'protocol' has been removed from the test.
The duplicate definition of SO_PASSCRED has been removed. I didn't add the constants to the documentation as other constants are only documented on a wildcard basis (e.g. SO_*).