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> --> import sys
> --> sys.exit(2**63)
> 9223372036854775808
The above is only Python 2.x behavior. On Windows, sys.maxint is 2147483647 (even for 64-bit Windows), so 2**63 is a Python long. Thus handle_system_exit takes the PyFile_WriteObject branch, with the actual exit code set to 1.
 >>> import sys
 >>> sys.exit(2**63)
 9223372036854775808 
 C:\>echo %errorlevel%
 1
In Python 3, PyLong_AsLong overflows for any value bigger than LONG_MAX, which sets the result to -1, i.e. 32-bit 0xFFFFFFFF, with overflow set. handle_system_exit ignores the overflow exception, so any exit code larger than 0x7FFFFFFF (2**31-1) is returned as 0xFFFFFFFF (2**32-1).
 >>> cmd = '%s -c "import sys;sys.exit(%%d)"' % sys.executable
 >>> subprocess.call(cmd % (2**31-1)) 
 2147483647
 >>> subprocess.call(cmd % (2**31)) 
 4294967295
 >>> subprocess.call(cmd % (2**63))
 4294967295