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> No automated testing included because I'm not entirely sure how to replicate this without eating up a ton of ram or doing something naughty with ulimit.
Simply use RLIMIT_NPROC, from a subprocess:
"""
$ cat /tmp/test.py
import subprocess
ps = [ ]
for i in range(1024):
 p = subprocess.Popen(['sleep', '10'])
 ps.append(p)
$ python /tmp/test.py
Traceback (most recent call last):
 File "/tmp/test.py", line 7, in ?
 p = subprocess.Popen(['sleep', '10'])
 File "/usr/lib64/python2.4/subprocess.py", line 550, in __init__
 errread, errwrite)
 File "/usr/lib64/python2.4/subprocess.py", line 919, in _execute_child
 self.pid = os.fork()
OSError: [Errno 11] Resource temporarily unavailable
$ ulimit -u 1024
"""
Not POSIX, but supported by Linux and BSD, which should be enough.
The problem with monkey-ptching is that you don't test the real
codepath, and it may break in a future version (especially since here
it would be using a preivate API).