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Thanks for filing this bug report.
I'm not seeing the equal hashes you describe.
I'm using this recipe to hardcode a specific prefix and print the hashes using it:
$ gdb --eval-command="break _PyRandom_Init" --eval-command="run" --eval-command="print _Py_HashSecret" --eval-command="set _Py_HashSecret.prefix=0xcdcdcdcd" --eval-command="print _Py_HashSecret" --eval-command="continue" -eval-command="continue" --args python -c "a='\x27\xfd\x5a\x18'; b='\x26\xfe\x78\xfa'; print(hash(a)); print(hash(b))"
On a 32-bit build of Python 2.7.3 (i686), if I set _Py_HashSecret.prefix=0xcdcdcdcd, I get non-equal hashes for the data you specify (output trimmed somewhat for conciseness):
 1ドル = {prefix = 0, suffix = 0}
 2ドル = {prefix = -842150451, suffix = 0}
 Continuing.
 -121255142
 -1199906326
Similarly, on a 64-bit build of Python 2.7.3 (x86_64), I get non-equal hashes:
 1ドル = {prefix = 0, suffix = 0}
 2ドル = {prefix = 3452816845, suffix = 0}
 -3992804574342296806
 -8147489705433570838
Did I misunderstand the report? Thanks.