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i haven't confirmed if it is this exact bug but I believe a coworker just ran into something similar. he wrote code to use the ast to remove docstrings from code before passing it to compile() (as that saves a noticable amount of memory). in the case the ast for code like:
def foo():
 """this is a docstring."""
Removing the docstring and passing such a thing to compile triggers a problem. A workaround was to add a pass in such cases:
if (node.body and isinstance(node.body[0], ast.Expr) and
 isinstance(node.body[0].value, ast.Str)):
 docstring = node.body.pop(0)
 if len(node.body) == 0:
 # An empty body will sometimes provoke a segfault when you call
 # compile on the code object.
 node.body.append(ast.Pass(lineno=docstring.lineno,
 col_offset=docstring.col_offset))
regardless, it'd be better if compile() *never* crashed on strange input.