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If you write 'How to debug Python code' rather than just "How to use pdb", I would start with the use of print statements and binary search. Have short sections on using trace and profile. Very useful would be a list of error messages and possible un-obvious to beginners but common causes. The following example comes up regularly on python-list.
TypeError: 'int' object is not callable
 Look in the previous line to see what you called. If it is a builtin name, perhaps you re-assigned the name to something else. Example:
list = 3
<many lines later>
list(1,2,3)
Traceback (most recent call last):
 File "<pyshell#7>", line 1, in <module>
 list(1,2,3)
TypeError: 'int' object is not callable 
Another one we see occasionally ("Is module x broken?") is something like: user runs script.py
import random
x = random.random()
Traceback...
NameError: name 'random.random' is not defined
Solution: user has a file random.py in the same directory