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This problem is driving me crazy. I'm working with a library (python-for-android) that builds python during a build process. 
Now, during this process, the classical workflow with `./configure` and `make` is being called from a subprocess. To try to isolate the issue, I call `make` to build Python from a file, let's call it `make.py`, in the source tree, where I simply do (after running `./configure`, manually or from a subprocess):
```
import subprocess; 
subprocess.run(["make", "-j8"])
```
I get the following error: 
```
/opt/local/bin/ranlib: file: libpython3.8.a(dynamic_annotations.o) has no symbols
/opt/local/bin/ranlib: file: libpython3.8.a(pymath.o) has no symbols
gcc -Wl,-stack_size,1000000 -framework CoreFoundation -o python.exe Programs/python.o libpython3.8.a -ldl -framework CoreFoundation
gcc -Wl,-stack_size,1000000 -framework CoreFoundation -o Programs/_testembed Programs/_testembed.o libpython3.8.a -ldl -framework CoreFoundation
./python.exe -E -S -m sysconfig --generate-posix-vars ;\
 if test $? -ne 0 ; then \
 echo "generate-posix-vars failed" ; \
 rm -f ./pybuilddir.txt ; \
 exit 1 ; \
 fi
 CC='gcc' LDSHARED='gcc -bundle -undefined dynamic_lookup ' OPT='-DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O3 -Wall' _TCLTK_INCLUDES='' _TCLTK_LIBS='' ./python.exe -E ./setup.py build
```
Is this a bug of my OS, my env configuration, venv/virtualenv, Python makefile or, most probably, myself? 
I attached the log files from the following runs: 
- make from the shell without virtualenv (`make.log`)
- make from shell within virtualenv (`make.venv.log`)
- make from python subprocess without virtualenv (`make.py.log`)
- make from python subprocess within a virtualenv creted with pew (`make.py.venv.log)
- make from python subprocess within a virtualenv created with venv (`make.py.venv2.log`)
My system details:
macOS 10.15.4
Steps to reproduce: 
1. Download Python-3.8.2
2. Extract the tgz
3. Run ./configure
4. cat `make.py` in the source tree where `make.py` is:
```
import subprocess
subprocess.run(["env"])
subprocess.run(["make", "-j8"])
```
5. Run python make.py

Sorry, the error was missing, well, the actual error: 
```
/opt/local/bin/ranlib: file: libpython3.8.a(dynamic_annotations.o) has no symbols
/opt/local/bin/ranlib: file: libpython3.8.a(pymath.o) has no symbols
gcc -Wl,-stack_size,1000000 -framework CoreFoundation -o python.exe Programs/python.o libpython3.8.a -ldl -framework CoreFoundation 
gcc -Wl,-stack_size,1000000 -framework CoreFoundation -o Programs/_testembed Programs/_testembed.o libpython3.8.a -ldl -framework CoreFoundation 
./python.exe -E -S -m sysconfig --generate-posix-vars ;\
	if test $? -ne 0 ; then \
		echo "generate-posix-vars failed" ; \
		rm -f ./pybuilddir.txt ; \
		exit 1 ; \
	fi
 CC='gcc' LDSHARED='gcc -bundle -undefined dynamic_lookup ' OPT='-DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O3 -Wall' 	_TCLTK_INCLUDES='' _TCLTK_LIBS='' 	./python.exe -E ./setup.py build
running build
running build_ext
error: [Errno 2] No such file or directory: '/usr/local/include/python3.8/pyconfig.h'
```

I just tested on a fresh macOS 10.15.3 Virtual Machine (on the same host machine as the one of previous messages) and I can reproduce the problem: 
1. Install Command Line Tools (xcode-build --install)
2. Download Python 3.8.1
3. Extract tarball
4. Create a file make.py with the following python code
```
import subprocess
subprocess.run(["./configure"])
subprocess.run(["make", "-j4"])
```
and save it in the Python-3.8.1 source tree
6. Create a venv doing `python -m venv venv` in the source tree
7. Activate the virtual env `source venv/bin/activate`
5. Run it doing `python3 make.py`
The build fails with the error described before. 
If you now, instead, run the make directly `make -j8` the buids proceeds as expected.

Thanks for the easy-to-reproduce test case! It looks like you are running into the problem described in Issue22490 where venv with macOS framework builds could run into problems. A fix for this issue has recently been merged and will be released in upcoming 3.8.3 (a 3.8.3 release candidate should be available in the very near future) and 3.7.8. I've verified that your test case now works with the current HEAD of 3.8 and fails with 3.8.2.