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There seems to be a bug in the `io.TextIOWrapper` class while working in 'r+' mode, although I can't say the source of the problem is right there.
The write pointer doesn't match `file.tell()` after performing a read operation.
For example, this file, consisting of 3 lines:
 line one
 line two
 line three
Doesn't result in the expected modification running the following program:
with open('file', 'r+', buffering=1) as f:
 print(f.tell()) # => 0
 print(f.readline().strip()) # we read 1 line
 print(f.tell()) # => 9 
 print('Hello', file=f) # we write "Hello\n"
 print(f.tell()) # => 34
Instad of
 line one
 Hello
 wo
 line three
It results in
 line one
 line two
 line threeHello
But it works just fine if `f.seek(f.tell())` is added the program, right before the write operation.
There are several possible explanations on StackOverflow, involving the buffering for IO in text files:
https://stackoverflow.com/a/58722058/11601118 

Previously Issue 12215 and a couple of other duplicates were opened about this. Writing after reading with TextIOWrapper doesn't work as people expect. The report was closed apparently because Victor thought there wasn't enough interest in it.
FWIW the seek-then-write workaround will probably work for most common codecs, but would suffer the same problems discussed in Issue 26158 for codecs like UTF-7 and ISO-2022 that would need the encoder state constructed from the decoder state.