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The following code works in an interactive shell or in a batch file, but not when executed as part of a unittest suite or pdb:
from random import random
out = [random() for ind in range(3)]
It can be made to work using pdb interact, but this doesn't help with unittest.
Tested in Python 3.7.2

Can you attach a test file that shows the failure?

I suspect Nathan is seeing this problem at class scope. This is a well known issue:
>>> class C:
... from random import random
... out = [random() for ind in range(3)]
...
Traceback (most recent call last):
 File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
 File "<stdin>", line 3, in C
 File "<stdin>", line 3, in <listcomp>
NameError: name 'random' is not defined
>>>
It is not related to the list comprehension, but to the class scope. See the last paragraph of https://docs.python.org/3/reference/executionmodel.html#resolution-of-names
But I agree with Zach about needing an example that fails.

This is a duplicate of issue3692.