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Please add new directives for decimal-number month, day and hour that have neither leading zero nor leading space. Currently %m, %d and %I are used, but they have leading zeroes and are not suitable for some languages such as Chinese. GNOME provides %e and %l for day and hour, but they have leading space instead and are not good enough also.

We pretty much follow the posix standard on strftime. I doubt that we would introduce non-standard specifiers. Are there any in widespread use for your use case?

Yes, this is standard in all Chinese locales, including China, Taiwan, Hong Kong, Macau and Singapore.

I'm asking if there are specific % codes commonly used for this case. (Even if there are there is no guarantee we are going to add them, but it makes it possible to make a case for it.)

Usually %m, %d and %I are used instead, but the result is not satisfactory.

It turns out that there is standard way to do this (well, a de-facto standard, anyway). glibc (and apparently others) support 'modifiers', of which the '-' modifier will suppress 0 padding. Furthermore, since we pass the format string through to glibc, Python *already* supports this on glibc based platforms, though it isn't documented:
 >>> t.strftime("%m")
 '03'
 >>> t.strftime("%-m")
 '3'

Can we change this to a documentation bug? I was unaware of the use of '-', and I think most other people are, too.
Although having just checked, it doesn't work under Windows :(. So maybe we shouldn't document it.
Thinking out loud: I've often thought we should write our own strptime/strftime. I think cross-platform consistency here would be a win.

I think there may even be an issue for that, but with the currently broken issue search I'm not sure. Issue 3173 *might* be what I'm thinking of (thanks, google).
And yes, the fact that stuff like this is not cross-platform is why it isn't documented, and why I said "on glibc based platforms" :) (I think there is a doc note about additional directives possibly being defined by the platform.)

Heh. You're correct about 3173. And I'm even nosy on that issue!