presume
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presume
belief on reasonable grounds; in law, to assume as true in the absence of proof to the contrary; to undertake with unwarrantable boldness; to undertake without permission: presume to speak for someone else; go too far in taking liberties; also some of the same meanings as assume, such as presuppose and take for granted
Not to be confused with:
assume – to take for granted: Don’t assume the old bridge is safe.; suppose; postulate; to take upon oneself: assume an obligation; to take on, adopt: assume a virtue; to feign: assume an innocent demeanor; to take on the debts or obligations of another: assume the loan
Abused, Confused, & Misused Words by Mary Embree Copyright © 2007, 2013 by Mary Embree
pre·sume
(prĭ-zo͞om′)v. pre·sumed, pre·sum·ing, pre·sumes
v.tr.
1. To take for granted as being true in the absence of proof to the contrary: "I presume you're tired after the long ride" (Edith Wharton).
2. To constitute reasonable evidence for assuming; appear to prove: A signed hotel bill presumes occupancy of a room.
3. To venture without authority or permission; dare: He presumed to invite himself to dinner.
v.intr.
1. To take for granted that something is true or factual; make a supposition.
2. To act presumptuously or take unwarranted advantage of something: Don't presume on their hospitality.
[Middle English presumen, from Old French presumer, from Late Latin praesūmere, from Latin, to anticipate : prae-, pre- + sūmere, to take; see em- in Indo-European roots.]
pre·sum′ed·ly (-zo͞o′mĭd-lē) adv.
pre·sum′er n.
American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, Fifth Edition. Copyright © 2016 by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. Published by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. All rights reserved.
presume
(prɪˈzjuːm)vb
1. (when tr, often takes a clause as object) to take (something) for granted; assume
2. (when tr, often foll by an infinitive) to take upon oneself (to do something) without warrant or permission; dare: do you presume to copy my work?.
3. (intr; foll by on or upon) to rely or depend: don't presume on his agreement.
4. (Law) law to take as proved until contrary evidence is produced
[C14: via Old French from Latin praesūmere to take in advance, from prae before + sūmere to assume]
presumedly adv
preˈsumer n
preˈsuming adj
preˈsumingly adv
Collins English Dictionary – Complete and Unabridged, 12th Edition 2014 © HarperCollins Publishers 1991, 1994, 1998, 2000, 2003, 2006, 2007, 2009, 2011, 2014
pre•sume
(prɪˈzum)v. -sumed, -sum•ing. v.t.
1. to take for granted, assume, or suppose.
2. Law. to assume as true in the absence of proof to the contrary.
3. to undertake with unwarrantable boldness.
4. to undertake (to do something) without right or permission: to presume to speak for another person.
v.i. 5. to take something for granted; suppose.
6. to act or proceed with unwarrantable or impertinent boldness.
7. to go too far in acting unwarrantably or in taking liberties (usu. fol. by on or upon): to presume on someone's tolerance.
[1300–50; Middle English (< Old French presumer) < Latin praesūmere to take beforehand (Late Latin: take for granted, assume, dare) =prae- pre- + sūmere to take up, suppose (see consume)]
pre•sum′ed•ly, adv.
pre•sum′er, n.
Random House Kernerman Webster's College Dictionary, © 2010 K Dictionaries Ltd. Copyright 2005, 1997, 1991 by Random House, Inc. All rights reserved.
presume
Past participle: presumed
Gerund: presuming
| Imperative |
|---|
| presume |
| presume |
| Present |
|---|
| I presume |
| you presume |
| he/she/it presumes |
| we presume |
| you presume |
| they presume |
| Preterite |
|---|
| I presumed |
| you presumed |
| he/she/it presumed |
| we presumed |
| you presumed |
| they presumed |
| Present Continuous |
|---|
| I am presuming |
| you are presuming |
| he/she/it is presuming |
| we are presuming |
| you are presuming |
| they are presuming |
| Present Perfect |
|---|
| I have presumed |
| you have presumed |
| he/she/it has presumed |
| we have presumed |
| you have presumed |
| they have presumed |
| Past Continuous |
|---|
| I was presuming |
| you were presuming |
| he/she/it was presuming |
| we were presuming |
| you were presuming |
| they were presuming |
| Past Perfect |
|---|
| I had presumed |
| you had presumed |
| he/she/it had presumed |
| we had presumed |
| you had presumed |
| they had presumed |
| Future |
|---|
| I will presume |
| you will presume |
| he/she/it will presume |
| we will presume |
| you will presume |
| they will presume |
| Future Perfect |
|---|
| I will have presumed |
| you will have presumed |
| he/she/it will have presumed |
| we will have presumed |
| you will have presumed |
| they will have presumed |
| Future Continuous |
|---|
| I will be presuming |
| you will be presuming |
| he/she/it will be presuming |
| we will be presuming |
| you will be presuming |
| they will be presuming |
| Present Perfect Continuous |
|---|
| I have been presuming |
| you have been presuming |
| he/she/it has been presuming |
| we have been presuming |
| you have been presuming |
| they have been presuming |
| Future Perfect Continuous |
|---|
| I will have been presuming |
| you will have been presuming |
| he/she/it will have been presuming |
| we will have been presuming |
| you will have been presuming |
| they will have been presuming |
| Past Perfect Continuous |
|---|
| I had been presuming |
| you had been presuming |
| he/she/it had been presuming |
| we had been presuming |
| you had been presuming |
| they had been presuming |
| Conditional |
|---|
| I would presume |
| you would presume |
| he/she/it would presume |
| we would presume |
| you would presume |
| they would presume |
| Past Conditional |
|---|
| I would have presumed |
| you would have presumed |
| he/she/it would have presumed |
| we would have presumed |
| you would have presumed |
| they would have presumed |
Collins English Verb Tables © HarperCollins Publishers 2011
ThesaurusAntonymsRelated WordsSynonymsLegend:
Switch to new thesaurus
Verb 1. presume - take to be the case or to be true; accept without verification or proof; "I assume his train was late"
presuppose, suppose - take for granted or as a given; suppose beforehand; "I presuppose that you have done your work"
anticipate, expect - regard something as probable or likely; "The meteorologists are expecting rain for tomorrow"
2. [画像:presume - take upon oneself]presume - take upon oneself; act presumptuously, without permission; "How dare you call my lawyer?"
3. presume - constitute reasonable evidence for; "A restaurant bill presumes the consumption of food"
bear witness, evidence, testify, prove, show - provide evidence for; "The blood test showed that he was the father"; "Her behavior testified to her incompetence"
4. presume - take liberties or act with too much confidence
Based on WordNet 3.0, Farlex clipart collection. © 2003-2012 Princeton University, Farlex Inc.
presume
verb
1. believe, think, suppose, assume, guess (informal, chiefly U.S. & Canad.), take it, take for granted, infer, conjecture, postulate, surmise, posit, presuppose I presume you're here on business.
2. dare, venture, undertake, go so far as, have the audacity, take the liberty, make bold, make so bold as I wouldn't presume to question your judgement.
3. presuppose, assume, imply, take as read The legal definition of 'know' often presumes mental control.
presume on something or someone depend on, rely on, exploit, take advantage of, count on, bank on, take liberties with, trust in or to He's presuming on your good nature.
Quotations
"Dr. Livingstone, I presume?" [Henry Morton Stanley How I Found Livingstone]
"Dr. Livingstone, I presume?" [Henry Morton Stanley How I Found Livingstone]
Collins Thesaurus of the English Language – Complete and Unabridged 2nd Edition. 2002 © HarperCollins Publishers 1995, 2002
presume
verb1. To take for granted without proof:
Informal: reckon.
2. To have the courage to put forward, as an idea, especially when rebuff or criticism is likely:
The American Heritage® Roget's Thesaurus. Copyright © 2013, 2014 by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. Published by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. All rights reserved.
Translations
يَجْرُؤيُفْتَرَضُ أنَّ يَفْتَرِض وجود شَيء
předpokládatdovolit si
antageformodevove
olettaaotaksua
pretpostaviti
gyanít
gera ráî fyrirleyfa sér, dirfast
推定する
추정하다
perdėtas pasitikėjimas savimipernelyg įžūlusprezumpcijaturbūt
domātpieņemtuzdrīkstētiesuzskatīt
domnevati
antaförmoda
เชื่อว่าเป็นจริง
giả sử
presume
[prɪˈzjuːm]A. VT
1. (= suppose) → suponer, presumir
his death must be presumed → es de suponer que ha muerto, hay que presumir que ha muerto
to presume that → suponer que ...
it may be presumed that → es de suponer que ...
to presume sb to be innocent → suponer que algn es inocente
Dr Livingstone, I presume → Dr Livingstone según creo
his death must be presumed → es de suponer que ha muerto, hay que presumir que ha muerto
to presume that → suponer que ...
it may be presumed that → es de suponer que ...
to presume sb to be innocent → suponer que algn es inocente
Dr Livingstone, I presume → Dr Livingstone según creo
Collins Spanish Dictionary - Complete and Unabridged 8th Edition 2005 © William Collins Sons & Co. Ltd. 1971, 1988 © HarperCollins Publishers 1992, 1993, 1996, 1997, 2000, 2003, 2005
presume
[prɪˈzjuːm] vt (= suppose) → présumer
to presume (that) ... → présumer que ...
I presume you're here on business → Je présume que vous êtes ici pour affaires.
I presume so → je présume que oui
to be presumed dead → être présumé mort
to presume (that) ... → présumer que ...
I presume you're here on business → Je présume que vous êtes ici pour affaires.
I presume so → je présume que oui
to be presumed dead → être présumé mort
(= dare) to presume to do sth → se permettre de faire qch
Collins English/French Electronic Resource. © HarperCollins Publishers 2005
presume
vt
(= suppose) → annehmen, vermuten ; sb’s death → unterstellen (form); presumed dead → mutmaßlich verstorben ; to be presumed innocent → als unschuldig gelten ; he is presumed to be living in Spain → es wird vermutet, dass er in Spanien lebt
(= venture) to presume to do something → sich (dat) → erlauben or sich (dat) → herausnehmen or sich erdreisten, etw zu tun
vi
(= suppose) → annehmen, vermuten ; Dr Livingstone, I presume → Dr. Livingstone, wie ich annehme ; it was his decision, I presume → ich nehme an or vermute, das war seine Entscheidung ; I presume not → ich glaube nein
(= take liberties, be presumptuous) I didn’t want to presume → ich wollte nicht aufdringlich sein; you presume too much → Sie sind wirklich vermessen ; to presume on or upon something → etw überbeanspruchen
Collins German Dictionary – Complete and Unabridged 7th Edition 2005. © William Collins Sons & Co. Ltd. 1980 © HarperCollins Publishers 1991, 1997, 1999, 2004, 2005, 2007
presume
[prɪˈzjuːm]1. vt
a. (suppose) to presume (that) → supporre (che), presumere (che)
I presume she'll come → suppongo che verrà
I presume he did it → suppongo che l'abbia fatto
I presume she'll come → suppongo che verrà
I presume he did it → suppongo che l'abbia fatto
b. (frm) (venture) to presume to do sth → permettersi di fare qc
2. vi (frm) (take liberties) → prendersi troppe libertà
to presume on sb's friendship → approfittarsi dell'amicizia di qn
to presume on sb's friendship → approfittarsi dell'amicizia di qn
Collins Italian Dictionary 1st Edition © HarperCollins Publishers 1995
presume
(prəˈzjuːm) verb1. to believe that something is true without proof; to take for granted. When I found the room empty, I presumed that you had gone home; `Has he gone?' `I presume so.' aanneem يَفْتَرِض وجود شَيء пpeдпoлaгaм presumir předpokládat 'annehmen formode υποθέτω presumir, suponer arvama فرض کردن olettaa présumer, supposer לְהַנִיח मान लेना pretpostaviti feltételez, vél, gyanít yakin gera ráð fyrir presumere, supporre 推定する 추정하다 (pa)manyti pieņemt; domāt; uzskatīt membuat anggapan aannemen anta, gå ut fra założyć فرض كول calcular a presupune, a bănui предполагать predpokladať domnevati pretpostavljati anta, förmoda สันนิษฐาน varsaymak, farzetmek 相信,認定,假定 припускати, гадати مان لينا، فرض کرنا cho là; đoán là 相信,认定,假定
2. to be bold enough (to act without the right, knowledge etc to do so). I wouldn't presume to advise someone as clever as you. waag يَجْرُؤ позволявам си ter a presunção dovolit si anmaßen vove τολμώ atreverse, permitirse endale lubama جسارت کردن rohjeta se permettre de חצוף साहस करना, आज्ञा लिए बिना करना dopustiti sebi mer(észel) (vmit megtenni) lancang, berani leyfa sér, dirfast permettersi di あえて〜する 대담하게 (~) 하다 drįsti uzdrīkstēties memandai-mandai zich aanmatigen ta seg den frihet å ośmielić się جسارت كول ter a presunção a-şi permite (să) осмеливаться dovoliť si dovoliti si davati sebi za pravo tillåta (drista, understå) sig ทึกทัก cüret etmek 擅自 насмілюватися, наважуватися جرأت کرنا đánh bạo 擅自
preˈsumably adverb I presume. She's not in her office – presumably she went home early. vermoedelik حَسَب الإفْتِراض вероятно provavelmente pravděpodobně vermutlich formentligt μάλλον se supone que, es de suponer oletatavasti احتمالاً oletettavasti vraisemblablement יש לְהָנִיח संभाव्यत po svojoj prilici, vjerovatno feltehetően mungkin sennilega presumibilmente おそらく 아마 tikriausiai, turbūt iespējams; jādomā, ka barangkali vermoedelijk antakelig, trolig, formodentlig przypuszczalnie احتمالاً، كيداى شى provavelmente probabil вероятно pravdepodobne verjetno verovatno antagligen, förmodligen โดยการคาดคะเน belki, galiba 我相信 мабуть; очевидно شايد có lẽ 我相信
preˈsumption (-ˈzamp-) noun1. something presumed. She married again, on the presumption that her first husband was dead. vermoede إفْتِراض предположение suposição předpoklad die Vermutung formodning υπόθεση presunción, suposición oletus فرض oletus présomption הנחה धारणा vjerovatno feltételezés keyakinan ályktun supposizione 仮定 추정 prielaida, prezumpcija prezumpcija; pieņēmums; uzskats anggapan veronderstelling antakelse, tro, formodning założenie فرض suposição presupunere предположение predpoklad domneva pretpostavka antagande, förmodan การสันนิษฐาน varsayım, tahmin 被認定的事物,推斷 припущення قياس، گمان điều giả định 被认定的事物,推断
2. unsuitable boldness, eg in one's behaviour towards another person. ongeskik تَجَرُّؤ، تَطاوُل самонадеяност presunção troufalost die Anmaßung arrogance υπερβολικό θάρρος presunción jultumus پررویی röyhkeys impertinence חוצפה अभिमान, धृष्टता drzak, odveć samosvjestan elbizakodottság kelancangan ósvífni presunzione ずうずうしさ 뻔뻔함 perdėtas pasitikėjimas savimi uzdrīkstēšanās; pašpārliecinātība perbuatan memandai-mandai aanmatiging innbilskhet, arroganse arogancja پوك سړى presunção impertinenţă самонадеянность trúfalosť predrznost drskost förmätenhet, övermod, arrogans อวดดี küstahlık, cüret 自以為是,冒昧,傲慢 самовпевненість جرأت بيجا sự kiêu căng 自以为是,冒昧,傲慢
preˈsumptuous (-ˈzamptjuəs) , ((American) -ˈzamptʃuəs) adjective impolitely bold. ongeskik, voor op die wa قَليل الحَياء، وَقِح، مُتَجاسِر самонадея presunçoso drzý anmaßend indbildsk θρασύς, αυθάδης presuntuoso jultunud گستاخ röyhkeä impertinent חוצפה धृष्ट drzak, uobražen elbizakodott lancang djarfur, ósvífinn presuntuoso つけあがった 뻔뻔스러운, 주제넘은 pernelyg įžūlus, pasitikintis savimi pašpārliecināts terlalu berani aanmatigend overmodig, innbilsk arogancki بى ادب presunçoso impertinent самонадеянный drzý predrzen arogantan förmäten, övermodig, arrogant ที่อวดดี küstah, haddini bilmez 傲慢的 самовпевнений; зухвалий شوخ، بے باک ngạo mạn 傲慢的
preˈsumptuousness noun ongeskikheid تَجاسُر، وَقاحَه، قِلَّة حَياء самонадеяност presunção drzost die Anmaßung indbildskhed θρασύτητα presunción, atrevimiento jultumus گستاخی ylimielisyys impertinence שחצנות धृष्ठता drskost önhittség kelancangan ósvífni presunzione つけあがり 뻔뻔스러움 įžūlumas, perdėtas pasitikėjimas savimi pašpārliecinātība sikap yg memandai-mandai aanmatiging overmodighet, innbilskhet nadmierna pewność siebie بى ادبى presunção impertinenţă самонадеянность drzosť predrznost arogantnost förmätenhet, övermod, arrogans การทะนงตน küstahlık, haddini bilmezlik 傲慢 самовпевненість; зухвалість بے باکي، شوخي sự ngạo mạn 傲慢
Kernerman English Multilingual Dictionary © 2006-2013 K Dictionaries Ltd.
presume
→ يُفْتَرَضُ أنَّ předpokládat antage annehmen υποθέτω suponer olettaa supposer pretpostaviti presumere 推定する 추정하다 veronderstellen ta for gitt przypuścić presumir предполагать anta เชื่อว่าเป็นจริง farzetmek giả sử 假定Multilingual Translator © HarperCollins Publishers 2009