The form -wal could be a
lenited form of this suffix.
(5.) Turner's view (1927: 232) that, in the writing system employed in the Kharosthi inscriptions discovered by Sir Marc Aurel Stein (Gandhari, Niya), the special symbol s used for writing the genitival ending -asa (< -asya) represented a
lenited s is untenable (see von Hiniiber 2001: 178).
(1) Lenition Broad Slender Orthographic Radical
Lenited Radical
Lenited Radical
Lenited p f p' f' <ph> t h t' h ~ x' <t> <th> k x k' x' <e> <ch> b w ~ v b' v' <b> <bh> d [??] d' j ~ [??]' <d> <dh> g [??] g' j ~ [??]' <g> <gh> f [??] f' [??] <f> <fh> s h s' h ~ x' <s> <sh> m w ~ v m' v' <m> <mh>
For example, nouns are lenited after certain proclitics, as shown in (2), but not after others, as shown in (3).
Nor can a phonological analysis account for the irregular behavior of certain mutation triggers (e.g., in Irish, numerals that mutate nouns only in the singular but not in the plural, prepositions that mutate only qualified nouns but not unqualified ones or vice versa) or of certain mutation targets (e.g., in Irish, individual lexemes that resist mutation or undergo unexpected mutations in certain environments, or the Old Irish word siur 'sister' in which the lenited form begins with /f/ rather than expected /h/).
Some patterns of 'qualitative gradation', in which strong forms contain a consonant that is missing or
lenited in weak forms, are retained in the first and second conjugation.
In a sequence of heteroganic plosives, the first of them is lenited to a weaker consonant, i.e.
A single plosive is lenited to a spirant before a plosive in the onset, as we have just seen.
Intervocalic/p/non-distinctively voiced to [b], which
lenited to [[beta]] (Unger 2004).
The segmental pronunciation is generally emphatic in this part of the text; /k/ in kof 'break' is not
lenited as it would normally be in intervocalic position, and, for example, muareip at the end of the utterance is spoken with very clearly pronounced consonants and much energy on the vowels, but without the high pitch and increased duration.
Nhanda uthu `dog' is from *thuthu; Champion Bay owa `water' appears to be a
lenited variant of Nhanda apa, from *papa; and Nhanda urdaa `directly, soon, now' can be compared with Wajarri urda, wurda `later'.
bean "woman" would cause a following complement like caointe [ki:n't'o] "lamenting" to be
lenited to [xi:n't'o], or a following adjective beag "small" to be
lenited to bheag [v'og].