intorsion

On postoperative day 3, the patient's head position was improved, he was orthotropic in primary gaze, and fundus photography showed +1 intorsion. At postoperative 4 months, the patient was orthotropic with no limitation or torsion in any gaze position, and maintained straight gaze (Figure 4).

There are several different types of pathological, acquired nystagmus, of which the most common are spontaneous nystagmus (with or without fixation), positional or positioning nystagmus (occurring with or after head or body movement), gaze-evoked nystagmus (only present in specific eccentric eye gaze positions), optokinetic nystagmus (only abnormal with lowered velocity of eye movements), pendular nystagmus (independent eyeball motion with vertical, horizontal and torsional nystagmus), seesaw nystagmus (alternating elevation and intorsion of one eye and simultaneous depression and extorsion of the other), and periodic alternating nystagmus, which is a strictly horizontal nystagmus that predictably oscillates in direction, amplitude and frequency.

Intact intorsion (noting the position of conjunctival vessels) of right eye revealing intact right superior oblique.