groundwork


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Related to groundwork: lay the groundwork

ground·work

(ground′wûrk′)
n.
A foundation; a basis. See Synonyms at base 1.
American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, Fifth Edition. Copyright © 2016 by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. Published by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. All rights reserved.

groundwork

(ˈɡraʊndˌwɜːk)
n
1. preliminary work as a foundation or basis
2. (Art Terms) the ground or background of a painting, etc
Collins English Dictionary – Complete and Unabridged, 12th Edition 2014 © HarperCollins Publishers 1991, 1994, 1998, 2000, 2003, 2006, 2007, 2009, 2011, 2014

ground•work

(ˈgraʊndˌwɜrk)

n.
foundation or basis: to lay the groundwork for an international conference.
[1540–50]
Random House Kernerman Webster's College Dictionary, © 2010 K Dictionaries Ltd. Copyright 2005, 1997, 1991 by Random House, Inc. All rights reserved.
ThesaurusAntonymsRelated WordsSynonymsLegend:
Noun 1. groundwork - the fundamental assumptions from which something is begun or developed or calculated or explained; "the whole argument rested on a basis of conjecture"
explanation - thought that makes something comprehensible
meat and potatoes - the fundamental part; "successful negotiation is the meat and potatoes of arbitration"
supposal, supposition, assumption - a hypothesis that is taken for granted; "any society is built upon certain assumptions"
2. [画像:groundwork - lowest support of a structure]groundwork - lowest support of a structure; "it was built on a base of solid rock"; "he stood at the foot of the tower"
bed - a foundation of earth or rock supporting a road or railroad track; "the track bed had washed away"
raft foundation - a foundation (usually on soft ground) consisting of an extended layer of reinforced concrete
structure, construction - a thing constructed; a complex entity constructed of many parts; "the structure consisted of a series of arches"; "she wore her hair in an amazing construction of whirls and ribbons"
support - supporting structure that holds up or provides a foundation; "the statue stood on a marble support"
3. groundwork - preliminary preparation as a basis or foundation; "we are prepared today because of groundwork that was done ten years ago"
preparation, readying - the activity of putting or setting in order in advance of some act or purpose; "preparations for the ceremony had begun"
Based on WordNet 3.0, Farlex clipart collection. © 2003-2012 Princeton University, Farlex Inc.

groundwork

noun preliminaries, basis, foundation, base, footing, preparation, fundamentals, cornerstone, underpinnings, spadework These courses provide the groundwork of statistical theory.
Collins Thesaurus of the English Language – Complete and Unabridged 2nd Edition. 2002 © HarperCollins Publishers 1995, 2002

groundwork

noun
1. The lowest or supporting part or structure:
2. That on which something immaterial, such as an argument or a charge, rests:
base, basis, footing, foundation, fundament, ground (often used in plural), underpinning (often used in plural).
The American Heritage® Roget's Thesaurus. Copyright © 2013, 2014 by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. Published by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. All rights reserved.
Translations
الأعمال التَّحضيريَه
podklady
fundamentgrundlag
undirbúningsvinna
prípravné práce

groundwork

[ˈgraʊndwɜːk] Ntrabajo m preliminar or preparatorio
to do the groundwork for sthponer las bases de algo
Collins Spanish Dictionary - Complete and Unabridged 8th Edition 2005 © William Collins Sons & Co. Ltd. 1971, 1988 © HarperCollins Publishers 1992, 1993, 1996, 1997, 2000, 2003, 2005

groundwork

[ˈgraʊndwɜːrk] npréparation f
to do the groundwork for sth → préparer le terrain pour qch
to lay the groundwork for sth → préparer le terrain pour qch
Collins English/French Electronic Resource. © HarperCollins Publishers 2005

groundwork

[ˈgraʊndˌwɜːk] nlavoro preparatorio, preparazione f
Collins Italian Dictionary 1st Edition © HarperCollins Publishers 1995

ground2

(graund) noun
1. the solid surface of the Earth. lying on the ground; high ground. grond أرْض земя solo země der (Erd)Boden landjord; jord έδαφος suelo maapind زمین maa sol קרקע, אדמה, הארץ जमीन tlo, zemlja föld tanah jörð, grund terra, suolo 地面 땅, 지면 žemė zeme; augsne tanah grond, bodem bakke, jord, grunn, terreng ziemia مځكه، دځمكې مخ، خاوړه ډكر solo sol, pă­mânt земля zem zemlja, tla zemlja mark, marken ผิวดิน yer, toprak, zemin 地面 ґрунт; земля سطح زمین mặt đất 地面
2. a piece of land used for some purpose. a football ground. veld مَلْعَب място campo pozemek; hriště das Gebiet område: -område γήπεδο terreno, campo väljak زمین kenttä terrain מגרש मैदान teren terület lapangan (fótbolta)völlur terreno, campo 〜場 장소, 장 aikštė futbola laukums padang terrein plass, –bane, –terreng teren مځكه campo teren площадка pozemok; ihrisko zemljišče teren plan, plats, anläggning พื้นที่ที่ใช้เพื่อจุดประสงค์บางอย่าง saha, alan, meydan 場、場地(如:足球場) ділянка землі کسی خاص مقصد کے لیے مخصوص کیا ہوا قطعئہ زمین một khoảng đất ...场、场地(如:足球场)
verb
1. to base. His argument is grounded on a series of wrong assumptions. grond يقومُ عَلى، يَتَأسَّس основан basear založit stützen begrunde βασίζω basarse, fundarse põhinema پایه قرار دادن perustaa fonder לְבַסֵס धरती या आधार पर रखना temeljiti se alapoz berdasarkan grundvalla (á) basare 基づかせる ...에 기초하다 paremti, grįsti pamatot berasaskan baseren op basere på, begrunne med opierać się شروع كول basear a se baza pe обосновывать založiť, podložiť temeljiti zasnovati grunda, bygga, basera วางรากฐาน dayandırmak 基於 ґрунтуватися مبنی کرنا، موقوف کرنا dựa vào 基于
2. to (cause a ship to) hit the seabed or shore and remain stuck. strand يَرْتَطِم المَرْكَب في القاع засядам за кораб encalhar uváznout stranden gå på grund πέφτω, ρίχνω έξω ή σε ξέρα encallar madalikule ajama v. sattuma به گل نشاندن ajaa matalikolle s'échouer לְהַעֲלוֹת עַל שִׂרטוֹן भूमि पर उतरना nasukati se megfeneklik mengandaskan stranda fare arenare*, incagliare 座礁させる 좌초시키다 užplaukti/užplukdyti ant seklumos uzskriet uz sēkļa terkandas stranden, aan de grond lopen grunnstøte, sette på grunn osadzać/osiąść na mieliźnie په ځمكه كي كښينول encalhar a avea le­gă­­tură la pământ садиться на мель uviaznuť nasesti nasukati sätta [gå] på grund (เรือ) ติดหล่ม karaya oturtmak (使)擱淺 наскочити на мілину جہاز کا سمندر کے تہ پر اٹک جانا mắc cạn 使搁浅
3. to prevent (an aeroplane, pilot) from flying. All planes have been grounded because of the fog. belet om te vlieg يَمنَع الطائِرَه من الطَّيَران спирам reter em terra zakázat vzlet Startverbot erteilen holde på jorden καθηλώνω, ακινητοποιώ obligar a quedarse en tierra tõusmast takistama متوقف کردن määrätä lentokieltoon interdire de vol לְקַרקֵע आधारित करना ne poletjeti felszállást lehetetlenné tesz mencegah terbang setja í flugbann restare a terra* 離陸させない 이륙을 방해하다 neleisti pakilti į orą (par lidmašīnu, pilotu) aizliegt startēt tidak membenarkan kapal terbang membuat penerbangan aan de grond houden gi startforbud unieruchomić na ziemi ممنوع کول reter em terra a eşua запрещать полёты zakázať štart ne dovoliti, da vzleti (letalo) prizemljiti hålla kvar på marken, utfärda flygförbud (startförbud) จอด uçmasına izin vermemek 使停飛 заставити приземлитися ہوائی جہاز کے اڑنے میں رکاوٹ ہونا không cất cánh 使停飞
ˈgrounding noun
the teaching of the basic facts of a subject. a good grounding in mathematics. basis, grondslag تأسيس، تعليم الأسُس основа base vyučování základům der Anfangsunterricht grundviden βάσεις, βασικές γνώσεις base, conocimientos algõpetus آموزش اصول و مبانی perustiedot enseignement des bases d'un sujet הוראת היסודות नींव, बुनियाद temelj, osnova alap(ozás) pengajaran dasar grunnur, kennsla fondamenti 基礎訓練 기초 지식 pagrindai pamatu apgūšana; priekšzināšanas asas basisvorming grunnlag podstawy دسيند دتل كب: دتياثر له ژور ځاى نه ننداره كوونكى base cunoaştere a noţiunilor elemen­tare основы; подготовка základy osnovno znanje, podlaga osnov grund[kunskaper] ให้ความรู้พื้นฐาน temel eğitim/öğretim 基礎訓練 засвоєння основ بنیادی اصولوں سے واقفیت dạy cơ bản 基础训练
ˈgroundless adjective
without reason. Your fears are groundless. ongegronde لا أساس لَه، غير مُبَرَّر، بدون سبب неоснователен infundado bezdůvodný grundlos grundløs αβάσιμος infundado, sin fundamentos alusetu بی دلیل perätön sans fondement חסר יסוד निराधार bezrazložan, neutemeljen alaptalan tanpa alasan ástæðulaus infondato 根拠のない 근거 없는 be pagrindo, nepagrįstas nepamatots tidak berasas ongegrond ubegrunnet, grunnløs bezzasadny بې اساسه. بې دليله infundamentado fără motiv необоснованный bezdôvodný neutemeljen neosnovan grundlös ซึ่งไม่มีเหตุผล nedensiz, asılsız, temelsiz 沒有理由的,毫無根據的 безпричинний; безпідставний بلا سبب không có cơ sở 无理由的,无根据的
grounds noun plural
1. the garden or land round a large house etc. the castle grounds. gronde, terrein الأرض أو الحديقَه المحيطة بالحِصن двор terrenos park(y), pozemky die Anlagen (pl.) park; haveanlæg κτήμα γύρω από μεγάλη κατοικία terreno, jardines krunt محوطه pihamaa parc שטח, חצר स्थल teren kert, park halaman lóð(ir) giardino, parco 庭園 땅, 정원 teritorija parks; dārzs; teritorija perkarangan park, terrein park-/hageanlegg tereny محوطه terrenos parc сад, земли pozemky; park park teren område, tomt, mark, parkanläggningar สนาม arazi, bahçe 庭園,空地 сад, парк біля дому کسی مکان کے ارد گرد باغ اور قطعئہ زمین đất đai vườn tược 庭园,场地
2. good reasons. Have you any grounds for calling him a liar? redes أسباب جيده позиция fundamentos důvody der Grund god grund λόγος razones, motivos alus دلیل موجه peruste motif בסיס मिटृटी utemeljen razlog ok alasan ástæður motivi 根拠 근거 pamatas, pagrindas pamats; iemesls alasan kukuh gronden, redenen gode grunner, grunnlag podstawy دلیل fundamentos motiv основание dôvod(y) razlog osnov grund, orsak เหตุผล gerekçe, neden 合理的理由 підстави کوئی معقول سبب lý do; lý lẽ 理由
3. the powder which remains in a cup (eg of coffee) which one has drunk. coffee grounds. besinksel, moer ثُفْل утайка borra sedlina der Kaffeesatz grums κατακάθι poso, posos pära ته نشست poro marc (de café) משקע मैदान talog zacc bubuk korgur fondi かす 찌꺼기 tirščiai (kafijas u.tml.) biezumi keladak koffiedik grut, grums fusy پاتې كېدل borra zaţ гуща usadenina usedlina talog bottensats, sump กาก; ผง telve 殘渣 осад, гуща چاۓ ، کافی وغیرہ پینے کے بعد بچا پاؤڈر cặn; bã 渣滓
ground floor
the rooms of a building which are at street level. My office is on the ground floor; (also adjective) a ground-floor flat. térreo pohjakerros lantai dasar 1층 benedenverdieping ชั้นใต้ดิน (建築物的)底層 (建築物的)底层
groundnutpeanut ˈgroundwork noun
work done in preparation for beginning a project etc. voorbereidings, grondwerk الأعمال التَّحضيريَه основа alicerce podklady das Fundament grundlag; fundament προκαταρκτική εργασία trabajo preparatorio/preliminar, bases del trabajo eeltöö اقدامات اولیه pohjatyö travail préparatoire עבודת יסוד बुनियादी काम priprema za posao alap(ozás) persiapan undirbúningsvinna basi, fondamenti 基礎 기초 parengiamieji darbai sagatavošanas darbs persediaan asas grondslag grunnarbeid, fundament prace wstępne بنسټ، سټه، ډبره alicerce fundaţie; bază подготовительная работа prípravné práce pripravljalno delo podloga grundläggande (förberedande) arbete การเตรียมงาน hazırlık 基礎工作 фундамент, основа کسی کام کی استعداد công việc chuẩn bị cơ bản 基础
break new ground
to deal with a subject for the first time. aanvoor, pionierswerk doen يَشُق طَريقا جَديداً срещам за първи път проблем abrir caminho vkročit na neobdělanou půdu neue Gebiete erschließen være banebrydende καινοτομώ abrir nuevos caminos/horizontes teed rajama ابداع کردن؛ کار تازه ای را آغاز کردن olla uranuurtaja innover לפרוץ דרך नई चीज के साथ काम करना probiti led úttörőmunkát végez memulai byrja á nÿju verkefni essere un pioniere 新生面を開く 신천지를 개척하다 praskinti naujus kelius sākt strādāt pie kaut kā jauna membuat penemuan baru nieuw terrein betreden, pionierswerk verrichten gjøre en banebrytende innsats być w czymś pionierem د نو کار ته پیل کول abrir caminho a inova начинать новое дело urobiť prvé kroky orati ledino probiti led bryta ny mark, vara banbrytande แหวกแนว bir konuya ilk kez eğilmek 開創新局面 прокладати нові шляхи کسی موضوع سے پہلی بار دو چار ہونا gặp một vấn đề mới 开辟新天地
cover ground
to deal with a certain amount of work etc. We've covered a lot of ground at this morning's meeting. veel verrig kry, veel omvat يُعالِج كَمِّية كَبيرَة من العَمَل норма caminhar udělat kus práce vorwärtskommen nå en masse αντιμετωπίζω ένα κομμάτι της δουλειάς tratar de cierto aspecto, abarcar edasi jõudma تا حدی پیشرفت کردن käsitellä asioita faire du bon travail התקדם बहुत सारे मामलों से निबट लेना obaviti dio posla sok témát ölel fel mengerjakan komast yfir (mikið) efni (fare strada), (trattare molti argomenti) はかどる (어떤) 범위를 다루다 atlikti tam tikrą darbo dalį aptvert zināmu darba daļu banyak perkara vooruitkomen tilbakelegge, nå langt osiągnąć postęp تر يو حده پرمختګ كول caminhar a face treabă bună заметно продвинуться вперёд urobiť kus práce opraviti določeno delo završiti dosta posla avverka, hinna รับมือกับงานจํานวนมาก yol katetmek, ilerleme kaydetmek 處理一定量的工作 охоплювати کام کی کوئی مخصوص مقدار مکمل کرنا đề cập nhiều vấn đề 完成一定量的工作
get (something) off the ground
to get (a project etc) started. op dreef kom يَبدأ المَشْروع започвам iniciar spustit, rozjet in Gang setzen ud af starthullerne ξεκινώ poner en marcha, ponerse manos a la obra, despegar, iniciar (millegagi) algust tegema آغاز کردن saada käyntiin faire démarrer להצליח להמריא सफल उद्घाटन करना započeti nešto elindít, beindít memulai koma (e-u) af stað iniziare 発足させる 시작하다 pajudėti uzsākt (projektu u.tml.) mula bergerak op gang brengen komme i gang ruszyć پیل کول iniciar a face să demareze (un proiect) положить начало чему-л. rozbehnúť pognati v tek započeti komma i gång เริ่มต้น başlatmak 讓(專案等)開始 успішно розпочати якусь справу کوئی کام شروع کرنا đạt được bước khởi đầu có kết quả 开始或从事某工作,使开始
hold one's ground
to refuse to move back or retreat when attacked. Although many were killed, the soldiers held their ground. vasstaan لا يَتَزَعْزَع، لا يستَسْلِم، لا يَتَراجَع задържам позиция não arredar pé stát pevně, neustoupit standhalten holde stand; stå fast μένω ακλόνητος στις θέσεις μου mantenerse firme kohale jääma استقامت کردن pitää asemat tenir bon להחזיק מעמד हमले को नाकाम करना držati svoju poziciju állja a sarat bertahan halda velli, láta ekki undan síga non cedere 退かない 요지부동이다 laikytis savo pozicijų neatkāpties no sava; palikt savās pozīcijās tidak berganjak geen terrein prijsgeven, de hakken in het gras zetten holde stillingen/kursen nie ustępować په شاكيدنه ،ځان كښنه ګوښه كيدنه،كښينا، ستنه ، ماتې، دعقلى ناروغوداستراحت ځاى ،ارام ځاى، ګوښه ځاى não arredar pé a se menţine pe poziţie не сдавать позиций stáť pevne vztrajati na svojem mestu držati položaj hålla stånd ปฏิเสธที่จะกลับไป boyun eğmemek, direnmek 堅守陣地 утримувати свої позиції پیچھے نہیں ہٹنا، ڈٹے رہنا không chịu khuất phục 坚守阵地
lose ground
to (be forced to) move back or retreat. The general sent in reinforcements when he saw that his troops were losing ground. veld verloor يَتَراجَع، يَنْسَحِب отстъпвам ceder terreno ztrácet pozici an Boden verlieren tabe terræn χάνω έδαφος, υποχωρώ perder terreno taganema پس روی کردن menettää asemat perdre du terrain לסגת पीछे हटना povlačiti se hátrál, tért veszt mundur hörfa undan perdere terreno 退却する 후퇴하다 trauktis atkāpties; zaudēt ietekmi ketinggalan standhouden tape terreng, vike wycofywać ځان كښنه ګوښه كيدنه ceder terreno a pierde teren сдавать позиции strácať pôdu pod nohami umikati se povlačiti se förlora terräng, bli tillbakapressad ยอมจํานนกับ geri çekilmek (被迫)撤退 відступати پیچھے ہٹنے پر مجبور کیا جانا rút lui 败退,失利,退却
Kernerman English Multilingual Dictionary © 2006-2013 K Dictionaries Ltd.
References in classic literature ?
The impossibility of not doing everything in the world to make Fanny Price happy, or of ceasing to love Fanny Price, was of course the groundwork of his eloquent answer.
The groundwork of the arrangement was the family dresser, which, with its shining handles, and finger-marks, and domestic evidences thick upon it, stood importantly in front, over the tails of the shaft-horses, in its erect and natural position, like some Ark of the Covenant that they were bound to carry reverently.
They seemed to have a general groundwork of blue, but here and there other colors glinted at times through the blue--gorgeous yellows, turning to pink, purple, orange and scarlet, mingled with more sober browns and grays--each appearing as a blotch or stripe anywhere on a leaf and then disappearing, to be replaced by some other color of a different shape.
Van Baerle began by expending his yearly revenue in laying the groundwork of his collection, after which he broke in upon his new guilders to bring it to perfection.
Doubtless this may have been the case in most instances, but it was not the less hard to bar on that account--and after all, its bottom, its groundwork, was selfishness.
We Communists have been reproached with the desire of abolishing the right of personally acquiring property as the fruit of a man's own labour, which property is alleged to be the groundwork of all personal freedom, activity and independence.
Richard was fond of saying that this child of invention consisted of nothing more nor less than what should form the groundwork of every clergyman’s discourse, viz., a firstly and a lastly.
Let us be sincere and Protestant, strictly moral, strictly just (though always with a leaning towards mercy), strictly honest, and strictly true, and we gain--it is a slight point, certainly, but still it is something tangible; we throw up a groundwork and foundation, so to speak, of goodness, on which we may afterwards erect some worthy superstructure.'
He readily availed himself of the money which, to give her but one hour's peace of mind, I would have poured out as freely as water--nay, he often sent her back for more--and yet even while he squandered it, he made the very success of these, her applications to me, the groundwork of cruel taunts and jeers, protesting that he knew she thought with bitter remorse of the choice she had made, that she had married him from motives of interest and vanity (he was a gay young man with great friends about him when she chose him for her husband), and venting in short upon her, by every unjust and unkind means, the bitterness of that ruin and disappointment which had been brought about by his profligacy alone.
'tragedies of blood,' specialized descendants of Senecan tragedy, one of which may have been the early play on Hamlet which Shakspere used as the groundwork for his masterpiece.
But now, my Faustus, that thou mayst perceive What Rome contains for to delight thine eyes, Know that this city stands upon seven hills That underprop the groundwork of the same: Just through the midst runs flowing Tiber's stream, With winding banks that cut it in two parts; Over the which two stately bridges lean, That make safe passage to each part of Rome: Upon the bridge call'd Ponte Angelo Erected is a castle passing strong, Where thou shalt see such store of ordnance, As that the double cannons, forg'd of brass, Do match the number of the days contain'd Within the compass of one complete year; Beside the gates, and high pyramides, That Julius Caesar brought from Africa.
His desire of it was naive; it was masterful like the material aspirations that are the groundwork of existence, but, unlike these, it was unconquerable.

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