Rapid eruption of the Columbia River
flood basalt and correlation with the mid-Miocene climate optimum.
The rapid origin of this Karoo
flood basalt province in southern Africa has been frequently associated with the melting of a large plume that ascended from the deep mantle around 180 million years ago.
Which gases in the Deccan Traps are emitted when is a question that's hard to answer, because there are no
flood basalt eruptions going on today, despite numerous ones in Earth's history.
Flood basalt provinces are typically derived from fissure eruptions that produce large volumes of tholeiite over brief time spans, with fluid pahoehoe-type lavas that can flow for great distances (Self et al.
Another set of papers explores the tectonic and structural development of the Columbia River
flood basalt province (CRFBP), a constituent part of the CRBG.
This movement is creating a zone of partly molten rock the size of Florida, which Thorne believes may be the start of a hotspot plume supervolcanic eruption or a gargantuan
flood basalt eruption.
Different discrimination diagrams based on major element geochemistry indicate that these basalts are tholeiitic and belong to Continental
Flood Basalt type.
The latter can be classified as continental
flood basalts (CFBs), which appear to have been erupted in a subaerial environment, as indicated by the tectonic environment of continental
flood basalt provinces and characteristic continental
flood basalt lava flows (Garner, 1996) White and McKenzie (1989) have stated that the eruption of continental
flood basalts requires both a mantle source having abnormally high potential temperatures, together with high stretching factors typical of advanced stages of continental extension.
was the largest outpouring of
flood basalt lava in historic times.
Numerous
flood basalt flows spread west to east, covering most of western and central India.
It seems very unlikely that the impact would have triggered
flood basalt volcanism in the Deccan (White and McKenzie, 1989), but the large volumes of basaltic melt could have been produced by decompression melting of anomalously warm mantle (McKenzie and Bickle, 1988).
Another large igneous province, the Columbia River continental
flood basalt in the Pacific Northwest, encompasses only 3 percent of Ontong Java's volume.