The
carriageable is turned into parking space or aggressively expanded to favour the vehicle transportation; hence, the sidewalk is reduced in size for the same purpose, sale kiosks, outdoor restaurants, access to public institutions or companies, with platforms for disabled people, stairs, metallic railings, benches, kerbs, flower stands, overlapping one another in a general cacophony, a non-usable space, in other words residual.
Under its common utilizations wood is subjected to wear when is used as floorings and parquet especially, but also the
carriageable parts of wooden bridges, sills and stairs (Filipovici, 1965; Pescarus & Cismaru, 1979).