Cranial and posterior
basicranial lengths, which include the inion, increased significantly with age in male Japanese macaques (Van Minh et al., 2015).
In this stage, the
basicranial fenestra is small and separated from the pituitary fossa by the crista sellaris.
The presence of a third eusuchian taxon in Lano distinct from Acynodon and Musturzabalsuchus is based on an isolated
basicranial bone (Buscalioni et al., 1999).
14B-C), incomplete fused parietals (NSM012GF032.023), and the excellently preserved
basicranial portion of a braincase (NSM012GF032.022; Fig.
(2010), "Effects of Brain and Facial Size on
Basicranial Form in Human and Primate Evolution," Journal of Human Evolution 58: 424-431.
Patterns of evolutionary transformation in the petrosal bone and some
basicranial features in marsupial mammals, with special reference to didelphids.
The View from Down Under: A Test of the Multiregional Hypothesis of Modern Human Origins using the
Basicranial Evidence from Australasia.
The cephalometric measurements that we used (
basicranial and maxillary measurements) were based on the position of the eustachian tube.
Age is based on
basicranial bone fusion, mostly fused and tightly fused bones are judged adult.
Body mass, which changes with seasonal variation in body condition and is rarely recorded with older museum specimens, is not a good overall measure of size, so body size was estimated from condylobasal length (CBL) [ILLUSTRATION FOR FIGURE 2 OMITTED] (von den Driesch 1976) and
basicranial axis length (BCAL), a useful comparative measure independent of variations in face length (Radinsky 1984).