westernize

Neither Westernizer nor Slavophile, he viewed the village as "the source of moral purity"--without romanticizing the commune--while also promoting literacy and founding the first public library for serfs in his province (218).

At age 52, Pinchuk basks in his newfound role as a global philanthropist and a leading Westernizer of his countryand a man rich and powerful enough to crack jokes at the expense of a former American president.

Ataturk, a committed Westernizer and political visionary, transformed the multinational Ottoman empire into a modern state based on Turkish nationalism.

Turgenev sent Tolstoy a personal message: A confidential warning--Facebook is a catastrophic time-suck for Slavophile and Westernizer alike.

Thus Turgenev's Bazarov in Fathers and Sons, a "wild" man whose uncompromisingly destructive dogma brought the word "nihilism" into circulation, is to his reader Dostoyevsky a forerunner of the future, but to his own author, the gentle Westernizer Turgenev who is--here Quinones quotes the critic Pisarev--"looking at him from the past," he is a man to shrink from so as to avoid "the slightest contact with the bouquet of Bazarovism." Dostoyevsky's Stavrogin in The Demons, on the other hand, whose very name, "Cross-horn," signals him as savior and demon at once and who, laden with crimes of flesh and spirit, is adulated by a band of terroristic lost souls--this morally ambiguous hero clearly has his author's compassionate commitment.

A Westernizer, Belinsky was little interested in China in its own right, but he made frequent and liberal use of its European image as a self-reflexive device to criticize the Slavophiles and steer Russia toward reform.

Tolz is able to incorporate effectively critical topics in Russian history, such as the Decembrist revolt, the Slavophil and Westernizer movements, the populists, and the manner that each group influenced and defined Russian-ness without losing a fluid and clear writing style.

Conrad's notorious Russophobia can hardly be counterbalanced by his admiration for Turgenev, the Westernizer of the Russian literature.

In the 1920's the Shah of Iran also an active reformer and westernizer went so far as to issue a proclamation banning the veil, a move which had the support from upper-class women and men.

Meanwhile, Putin did not gain power the way Yeltsin had; he won by portraying himself as a nationalist who could bring back some standing to the country, not as a Westernizer who was looking for ways to accommodate Washington.

Vladimir Soloviev's Critique of Nationalism," Slavic Review 57 (Spring 1998): 77-95, and "A Christian Westernizer: Vladimir Solovyov and Russian Conservative Nationalism," (Ph.D.