Bogue claimed the Indian Act and Canadian constitutions are ultra vires, and all Canadian lands are "owned
Allodially by the natives", Miracle "is free to open a public bank" on the disputed lands, and appeared on behalf of himself and as Ambassador for "all peoples native to North America." This was the basis for damages and declarations.
states where land is not owned
allodially, but this has only theoretical
Holding land
allodially allows one to become self-possessed, and self-possession allows one to-become a public person, an agent, not a servant.
The customary freehold, or usufruct, is an interest held by individuals or groups in land that is held
allodially by a chief, clan, or other owner.