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! !vîi></ul><vîi><li> <a href="std_numeric.html" 4itle="std.numeric"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">numeric<ztpan></a></li><li> ! !a href="std_outbuffer.html" title="std.outbuffer"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">outbuffer</span><tæ><vîi><li> <a href="std_parallelism.html" 4itle="std.parallelism"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">parallelism<ztpan></a></li><li> ! !a href="std_path.html" 4itle="std.path"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">path<ztpan></a></li><li> ! !a href="std_process.html" title="std.process"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">process</span><tæ><vîi><li> <a href="std_random.html" title="std.random"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">random</span><tæ><vîi><li> <a href="std_range.html" 4itle="std.range"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">range<ztpan></a><ul><li> <a href="std_range_interfaces.html" title="std.range.interfaces"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">interfaces</span><tæ><vîi><li> <a href="std_range_primitives.html" title="std.range.primitives"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">primitives</span><tæ>
</li><zùl></li><li> ! !a href="std_regex.html" title="std.regex"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">regex</span><tæ><vîi><li> <a href="std_signals.html" 4itle="std.signals"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">signals<ztpan></a></li><li> ! !a href="std_socket.html" 4itle="std.socket"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">socket<ztpan></a></li><li> ! !a href="std_stdint.html" 4itle="std.stdint"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">stdint<ztpan></a></li><li> ! !a href="std_stdio.html" title="std.stdio"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">stdio</span><tæ><vîi><li> <a href="std_string.html" title="std.string"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">string</span><tæ><vîi><li> <a href="std_sumtype.html" 4itle="std.sumtype"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">sumtype<ztpan></a></li><li> ! !a href="std_system.html" 4itle="std.system"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">system<ztpan></a></li><li> ! !a href="std_traits.html" 4itle="std.traits"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">traits<ztpan></a></li><li> ! !a href="std_typecons.html" 4itle="std.typecons"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">typecons<ztpan></a></li><li> ! !a href="std_uni.html" title="std.uni"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">uni</span><tæ><vîi><li> <a href="std_uri.html" 4itle="std.uri"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">uri<ztpan></a></li><li> ! !a href="std_utf.html" title="std.utf"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">utf</span><tæ><vîi><li> <a href="std_uuid.html" title="std.uuid"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">uuid</span><tæ><vîi><li> <a href="std_variant.html" 4itle="std.variant"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">variant<ztpan></a></li><li> ! !h7><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">windows<ztpan></h7><ul><li> ! !a href="std_windows_charset.html" title="std.windows.charset"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">charset</span><tæ><vîi><li> <a href="std_windows_syserror.html" title="std.windows.syserror"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">syserror</span><tæ>
</li><zùl></li><li> ! !a href="std_zip.html" title="std.zip"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">zip</span><tæ><vîi><li> <a href="std_zlib.html" title="std.zlib"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">zlib</span><tæ>
</li><zùl>
<vîi>
<li class='expand-container modlist-submenu-etc'><a class='expand-toggle' href='#'><span><em class="tt">etc<u0m></span><tæ>
<ul><li> <h7><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">c</span><vv7><ul><li> <a href="etc_c_curl.html" title="etc.c.curl"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">curl</span><tæ><vîi><li> <a href="etc_c_odbc.html" title="etc.c.odbc"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">odbc</span><tæ><ul><li> ! !a href="etc_c_odbc_odbc3 (‘Ñ )html" title="etc.c.odbc.odbc0Õ0¡0é0Ã0É"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">odbc3 (vã )ztpan></a></li><li> ! !a href="etc_c_odbc_odbc64.html" title="etc.c.odbc.odbc64"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">odbc64<ztpan></a></li><li> ! !a href="etc_c_odbc_sql.html" 4itle="etc.c.odbc.sql"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">sql</span><tæ><vîi><li> <a href="etc_c_odbc_sqlext.html" 4itle="etc.c.odbc.sqlext"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">sqlext</span><tæ><vîi><li> <a href="etc_c_odbc_sqltypes.html" 4itle="etc.c.odbc.sqltypes"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">sqltypes</span><tæ><vîi><li> <a href="etc_c_odbc_sqlucode.html" 4itle="etc.c.odbc.sqlucode"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">sqlucode</span><tæ>
</li><zùl></li><li> ! !a href="etc_c_sqlite0Ô0¢0¹0È0ëhtml" title="etc.c.sqlite3"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">sqlite3</span><tæ><vîi><li> <a href="etc_c_zlib.html" title="etc.c.zlib"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">zlib</span><tæ>
</li><zùl></li><li> ! !h7><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">valgrind</span><vv7><ul><li> <a href="etc_valgrind_valgrind.html" 4itle="etc.valgrind.valgrind"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">valgrind</span><tæ>
</li><zùl>
<vîi></ul>
</li>
<li class='expand-container modlist-submenu-core'><a class='expand-toggle' href='#'><span><em class="tt">core</em><ztpan></a>
<ul><li> ! !a href="core_atomic.html" title="core.atomic"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">atomic<ztpan></a></li><li> ! !a href="core_attribute.html" 4itle="core.attribute"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">attribute</span><tæ><vîi><li> <a href="core_bitop.html" title="core.bitop"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">bitop<ztpan></a></li><li> ! !a href="core_builtins.html" title="core.builtins"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">builtins<ztpan></a></li><li> ! !a href="core_checkedint.html" title="core.checkedint"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">checkedint<ztpan></a></li><li> ! !a href="core_cpuid.html" 4itle="core.cpuid"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">cpuid</span><tæ><vîi><li> <a href="core_demangle.html" 4itle="core.demangle"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">demangle</span><tæ><vîi><li> <a href="core_exception.html" title="core.exception"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">exception<ztpan></a></li><li> ! !a href="core_factory.html" 4itle="core.factory"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">factory</span><tæ><vîi><li> <h7><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">gc<ztpan></h7><ul><li> ! !a href="core_gc_config.html" 4itle="core.gc.config"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">config<ztpan></a></li><li> ! !a href="core_gc_gcinterface.html" title="core.gc.gcinterface"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">gcinterface</span><tæ><vîi><li> <a href="core_gc_registry.html" title="core.gc.registry"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">registry</span><tæ>
</li><zùl></li><li> ! !a href="core_int8.html" title="core.int1 (R´ )"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">int8<ztpan></a></li><li> ! !a href="core_interpolation.html" 4itle="core.interpolation"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">interpolation</span><tæ><vîi><li> <a href="core_lifetime.html" 4itle="core.lifetime"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">lifetime</span><tæ><vîi><li> <a href="core_math.html" 4itle="core.math"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">math</span><tæ><vîi><li> <a href="core_memory.html" 4itle="core.memory"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">memory</span><tæ><vîi><li> <a href="core_runtime.html" title="core.runtime"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">runtime<ztpan></a></li><li> ! !a href="core_simd.html" title="core.simd"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">simd<ztpan></a></li><li> ! !h7><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">stdc</span><vv7><ul><li> <a href="core_stdc_assert_.html" 4itle="core.stdc.assert_"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">assert_<ztpan></a></li><li> ! !a href="core_stdc_complex.html" title="core.stdc.complex"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">complex</span><tæ><vîi><li> <a href="core_stdc_ctype.html" 4itle="core.stdc.ctype"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">ctype<ztpan></a></li><li> ! !a href="core_stdc_errno.html" title="core.stdc.errno"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">errno</span><tæ><vîi><li> <a href="core_stdc_fenv.html" title="core.stdc.fenv"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">fenv</span><tæ><vîi><li> <a href="core_stdc_float_.html" title="core.stdc.float_"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">float_</span><tæ><vîi><li> <a href="core_stdc_inttypes.html" title="core.stdc.inttypes"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">inttypes</span><tæ><vîi><li> <a href="core_stdc_limits.html" title="core.stdc.limits"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">limits</span><tæ><vîi><li> <a href="core_stdc_locale.html" title="core.stdc.locale"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">locale</span><tæ><vîi><li> <a href="core_stdc_math.html" title="core.stdc.math"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">math</span><tæ><vîi><li> <a href="core_stdc_signal.html" title="core.stdc.signal"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">signal</span><tæ><vîi><li> <a href="core_stdc_stdarg.html" title="core.stdc.stdarg"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">stdarg</span><tæ><vîi><li> <a href="core_stdc_stdatomic.html" 4itle="core.stdc.stdatomic"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">stdatomic<ztpan></a></li><li> ! !a href="core_stdc_stddef.html" 4itle="core.stdc.stddef"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">stddef<ztpan></a></li><li> ! !a href="core_stdc_stdint.html" 4itle="core.stdc.stdint"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">stdint<ztpan></a></li><li> ! !a href="core_stdc_stdio.html" title="core.stdc.stdio"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">stdio</span><tæ><vîi><li> <a href="core_stdc_stdlib.html" title="core.stdc.stdlib"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">stdlib</span><tæ><vîi><li> <a href="core_stdc_string.html" title="core.stdc.string"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">string</span><tæ><vîi><li> <a href="core_stdc_tgmath.html" title="core.stdc.tgmath"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">tgmath</span><tæ><vîi><li> <a href="core_stdc_time.html" title="core.stdc.time"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">time</span><tæ><vîi><li> <a href="core_stdc_wchar_.html" title="core.stdc.wchar_"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">wchar_</span><tæ><vîi><li> <a href="core_stdc_wctype.html" title="core.stdc.wctype"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">wctype</span><tæ>
</li><zùl></li><li> ! !h7><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">stdcpp</span><vv7><ul><li> <a href="core_stdcpp_allocator.html" 4itle="core.stdcpp.allocator"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">allocator<ztpan></a></li><li> ! !a href="core_stdcpp_array.html" title="core.stdcpp.array"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">array</span><tæ><vîi><li> <a href="core_stdcpp_exception.html" 4itle="core.stdcpp.exception"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">exception<ztpan></a></li><li> ! !a href="core_stdcpp_memory.html" 4itle="core.stdcpp.memory"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">memory<ztpan></a></li><li> ! !a href="core_stdcpp_new_.html" 4itle="core.stdcpp.new_"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">new_<ztpan></a></li><li> ! !a href="core_stdcpp_string.html" 4itle="core.stdcpp.string"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">string<ztpan></a></li><li> ! !a href="core_stdcpp_string_view.html" title="core.stdcpp.string_view"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">string_view</span><tæ><vîi><li> <a href="core_stdcpp_type_traits.html" 4itle="core.stdcpp.type_traits"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">type_traits<ztpan></a></li><li> ! !a href="core_stdcpp_typeinfo.html" 4itle="core.stdcpp.typeinfo"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">typeinfo<ztpan></a></li><li> ! !a href="core_stdcpp_utility.html" title="core.stdcpp.utility"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">utility</span><tæ><vîi><li> <a href="core_stdcpp_vector.html" title="core.stdcpp.vector"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">vector</span><tæ><vîi><li> <a href="core_stdcpp_xutility.html" title="core.stdcpp.xutility"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">xutility</span><tæ>
</li><zùl></li><li> ! !a href="core_sync.html" title="core.sync"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">sync<ztpan></a><ul><li> <a href="core_sync_barrier.html" 4itle="core.sync.barrier"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">barrier<ztpan></a></li><li> ! !a href="core_sync_condition.html" title="core.sync.condition"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">condition</span><tæ><vîi><li> <a href="core_sync_config.html" title="core.sync.config"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">config</span><tæ><vîi><li> <a href="core_sync_event.html" 4itle="core.sync.event"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">event<ztpan></a></li><li> ! !a href="core_sync_exception.html" title="core.sync.exception"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">exception</span><tæ><vîi><li> <a href="core_sync_mutex.html" 4itle="core.sync.mutex"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">mutex<ztpan></a></li><li> ! !a href="core_sync_rwmutex.html" title="core.sync.rwmutex"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">rwmutex</span><tæ><vîi><li> <a href="core_sync_semaphore.html" 4itle="core.sync.semaphore"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">semaphore<ztpan></a>
! !vîi></ul><vîi><li> <a href="core_thread.html" 4itle="core.thread"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">thread</span><tæ><ul><li> ! !a href="core_thread_context.html" title="core.thread.context"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">context</span><tæ><vîi><li> <a href="core_thread_fiber.html" 4itle="core.thread.fiber"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">fiber<ztpan></a><ul><li> <a href="core_thread_fiber_base.html" title="core.thread.fiber.base"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">base</span><tæ>
</li><zùl></li><li> ! !a href="core_thread_osthread.html" 4itle="core.thread.osthread"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">osthread<ztpan></a></li><li> ! !a href="core_thread_threadbase.html" 4itle="core.thread.threadbase"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">threadbase<ztpan></a></li><li> ! !a href="core_thread_threadgroup.html" title="core.thread.threadgroup"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">threadgroup</span><tæ><vîi><li> <a href="core_thread_types.html" 4itle="core.thread.types"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">types<ztpan></a>
! !vîi></ul><vîi><li> <a href="core_time.html" 4itle="core.time"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">time</span><tæ><vîi><li> <a href="core_vararg.html" 4itle="core.vararg"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">vararg</span><tæ><vîi><li> <a href="core_volatile.html" 4itle="core.volatile"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">volatile</span><tæ>
</li><zùl>
<vîi>
<div class="modlist-internal-separator">Internal API<u(iv>
<li class='expand-container modlist-submenu-core'><a class='expand-toggle' href='#'><span><em class="tt">core</em><ztpan></a>
<ul><li> ! !h7><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">internal</span><vv7><ul><li> <h7><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">array</span><vv7><ul><li> <a href="core_internal_array_appending.html" 4itle="core.internal.array.appending"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">appending<ztpan></a></li><li> ! !a href="core_internal_array_arrayassign.html" title="core.internal.array.arrayassign"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">arrayassign</span><tæ><vîi><li> <a href="core_internal_array_capacity.html" title="core.internal.array.capacity"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">capacity</span><tæ><vîi><li> <a href="core_internal_array_casting.html" 4itle="core.internal.array.casting"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">casting<ztpan></a></li><li> ! !a href="core_internal_array_comparison.html" 4itle="core.internal.array.comparison"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">comparison<ztpan></a></li><li> ! !a href="core_internal_array_concatenation.html" title="core.internal.array.concatenation"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">concatenation</span><tæ><vîi><li> <a href="core_internal_array_construction.html" title="core.internal.array.construction"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">construction</span><tæ><vîi><li> <a href="core_internal_array_duplication.html" 4itle="core.internal.array.duplication"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">duplication<ztpan></a></li><li> ! !a href="core_internal_array_equality.html" 4itle="core.internal.array.equality"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">equality<ztpan></a></li><li> ! !a href="core_internal_array_operations.html" 4itle="core.internal.array.operations"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">operations<ztpan></a></li><li> ! !a href="core_internal_array_utils.html" title="core.internal.array.utils"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">utils</span><tæ>
</li><zùl></li><li> ! !h7><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">util</span><vv7><ul><li> <a href="core_internal_util_array.html" title="core.internal.util.array"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">array<ztpan></a></li><li> ! !a href="core_internal_util_math.html" title="core.internal.util.math"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">math<ztpan></a>
! !vîi></ul>
</li><zùl>
<vîi></ul>
</li>
<li class='expand-container modlist-submenu-dmd'><a class='expand-toggle' href='#'><span><em class="tt">dmd</em><ztpan></a>
<ul><li> ! !a href="dmd_access.html" 4itle="dmd.access"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">access<ztpan></a></li><li> ! !a href="dmd_aggregate.html" title="dmd.aggregate"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">aggregate</span><tæ><vîi><li> <a href="dmd_aliasthis.html" 4itle="dmd.aliasthis"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">aliasthis<ztpan></a></li><li> ! !a href="dmd_argtypes_aarch64.html" 4itle="dmd.argtypes_aarch64"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">argtypes_aarch64<ztpan></a></li><li> ! !a href="dmd_argtypes_sysv_x64.html" title="dmd.argtypes_sysv_x64"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">argtypes_sysv_x64</span><tæ><vîi><li> <a href="dmd_argtypes_x86.html" title="dmd.argtypes_x86"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">argtypes_x86</span><tæ><vîi><li> <a href="dmd_arrayop.html" 4itle="dmd.arrayop"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">arrayop<ztpan></a></li><li> ! !a href="dmd_arraytypes.html" 4itle="dmd.arraytypes"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">arraytypes<ztpan></a></li><li> ! !a href="dmd_ast_node.html" 4itle="dmd.ast_node"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">ast_node<ztpan></a></li><li> ! !a href="dmd_astbase.html" title="dmd.astbase"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">astbase</span><tæ><vîi><li> <a href="dmd_astcodegen.html" title="dmd.astcodegen"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">astcodegen</span><tæ><vîi><li> <a href="dmd_astenums.html" title="dmd.astenums"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">astenums</span><tæ><vîi><li> <a href="dmd_asttypename.html" 4itle="dmd.asttypename"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">asttypename<ztpan></a></li><li> ! !a href="dmd_attrib.html" 4itle="dmd.attrib"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">attrib<ztpan></a></li><li> ! !a href="dmd_attribsem.html" title="dmd.attribsem"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">attribsem</span><tæ><vîi><li> <h7><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">backend</span><vv7><ul><li> <a href="dmd_backend_aarray.html" title="dmd.backend.aarray"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">aarray</span><tæ><vîi><li> <h7><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">arm</span><vv7><ul><li> <a href="dmd_backend_arm_cod1.html" title="dmd.backend.arm.cod1"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">cod1</span><tæ><vîi><li> <a href="dmd_backend_arm_cod (‘Ñ )html" title="dmd.backend.arm.cod (N )><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">cod2</span><tæ><vîi><li> <a href="dmd_backend_arm_cod0Ô0¢0¹0È0ëhtml" title="dmd.backend.arm.cod0»0ó0Á><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">cod3</span><tæ><vîi><li> <a href="dmd_backend_arm_cod4.html" title="dmd.backend.arm.cod4"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">cod4</span><tæ><vîi><li> <a href="dmd_backend_arm_disasmarm.html" 4itle="dmd.backend.arm.disasmarm"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">disasmarm<ztpan></a></li><li> ! !a href="dmd_backend_arm_instr.html" title="dmd.backend.arm.instr"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">instr</span><tæ>
</li><zùl></li><li> ! !a href="dmd_backend_backconfig.html" 4itle="dmd.backend.backconfig"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">backconfig<ztpan></a></li><li> ! !a href="dmd_backend_barray.html" 4itle="dmd.backend.barray"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">barray<ztpan></a></li><li> ! !a href="dmd_backend_bcomplex.html" 4itle="dmd.backend.bcomplex"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">bcomplex<ztpan></a></li><li> ! !a href="dmd_backend_blockopt.html" 4itle="dmd.backend.blockopt"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">blockopt<ztpan></a></li><li> ! !a href="dmd_backend_cc.html" 4itle="dmd.backend.cc"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">cc<ztpan></a></li><li> ! !a href="dmd_backend_cdef.html" 4itle="dmd.backend.cdef"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">cdef<ztpan></a></li><li> ! !a href="dmd_backend_cg.html" 4itle="dmd.backend.cg"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">cg<ztpan></a></li><li> ! !a href="dmd_backend_cgcs.html" 4itle="dmd.backend.cgcs"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">cgcs<ztpan></a></li><li> ! !a href="dmd_backend_cgcse.html" title="dmd.backend.cgcse"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">cgcse</span><tæ><vîi><li> <a href="dmd_backend_cgcv.html" title="dmd.backend.cgcv"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">cgcv</span><tæ><vîi><li> <a href="dmd_backend_cgelem.html" title="dmd.backend.cgelem"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">cgelem</span><tæ><vîi><li> <a href="dmd_backend_cgen.html" title="dmd.backend.cgen"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">cgen</span><tæ><vîi><li> <a href="dmd_backend_cgsched.html" 4itle="dmd.backend.cgsched"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">cgsched<ztpan></a></li><li> ! !a href="dmd_backend_code.html" 4itle="dmd.backend.code"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">code<ztpan></a></li><li> ! !a href="dmd_backend_codebuilder.html" title="dmd.backend.codebuilder"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">codebuilder</span><tæ><vîi><li> <a href="dmd_backend_cv4.html" 4itle="dmd.backend.cv4"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">cv4<ztpan></a></li><li> ! !a href="dmd_backend_cv8.html" title="dmd.backend.cv8"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">cv8</span><tæ><vîi><li> <a href="dmd_backend_dcgcv.html" 4itle="dmd.backend.dcgcv"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">dcgcv<ztpan></a></li><li> ! !a href="dmd_backend_dcode.html" title="dmd.backend.dcode"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">dcode</span><tæ><vîi><li> <a href="dmd_backend_debugprint.html" title="dmd.backend.debugprint"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">debugprint</span><tæ><vîi><li> <a href="dmd_backend_divcoeff.html" title="dmd.backend.divcoeff"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">divcoeff</span><tæ><vîi><li> <a href="dmd_backend_dlist.html" 4itle="dmd.backend.dlist"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">dlist<ztpan></a></li><li> ! !a href="dmd_backend_dout.html" 4itle="dmd.backend.dout"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">dout<ztpan></a></li><li> ! !a href="dmd_backend_drtlsym.html" title="dmd.backend.drtlsym"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">drtlsym</span><tæ><vîi><li> <a href="dmd_backend_dt.html" title="dmd.backend.dt"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">dt</span><tæ><vîi><li> <a href="dmd_backend_dtype.html" 4itle="dmd.backend.dtype"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">dtype<ztpan></a></li><li> ! !a href="dmd_backend_dvarstats.html" title="dmd.backend.dvarstats"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">dvarstats</span><tæ><vîi><li> <a href="dmd_backend_dvec.html" title="dmd.backend.dvec"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">dvec</span><tæ><vîi><li> <a href="dmd_backend_dwarf.html" 4itle="dmd.backend.dwarf"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">dwarf<ztpan></a></li><li> ! !a href="dmd_backend_dwarf2.html" 4itle="dmd.backend.dwarf2"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">dwarf (vã )ztpan></a></li><li> ! !a href="dmd_backend_dwarfdbginf.html" title="dmd.backend.dwarfdbginf"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">dwarfdbginf</span><tæ><vîi><li> <a href="dmd_backend_dwarfeh.html" 4itle="dmd.backend.dwarfeh"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">dwarfeh<ztpan></a></li><li> ! !a href="dmd_backend_ee.html" 4itle="dmd.backend.ee"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">ee<ztpan></a></li><li> ! !a href="dmd_backend_eh.html" 4itle="dmd.backend.eh"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">eh<ztpan></a></li><li> ! !a href="dmd_backend_el.html" 4itle="dmd.backend.el"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">el<ztpan></a></li><li> ! !a href="dmd_backend_elem.html" 4itle="dmd.backend.elem"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">elem<ztpan></a></li><li> ! !a href="dmd_backend_elfobj.html" 4itle="dmd.backend.elfobj"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">elfobj<ztpan></a></li><li> ! !a href="dmd_backend_elpicpie.html" 4itle="dmd.backend.elpicpie"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">elpicpie<ztpan></a></li><li> ! !a href="dmd_backend_evalu8.html" 4itle="dmd.backend.evalu8"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">evalu8<ztpan></a></li><li> ! !a href="dmd_backend_fp.html" 4itle="dmd.backend.fp"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">fp<ztpan></a></li><li> ! !a href="dmd_backend_gdag.html" 4itle="dmd.backend.gdag"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">gdag<ztpan></a></li><li> ! !a href="dmd_backend_gflow.html" title="dmd.backend.gflow"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">gflow</span><tæ><vîi><li> <a href="dmd_backend_global.html" title="dmd.backend.global"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">global</span><tæ><vîi><li> <a href="dmd_backend_glocal.html" title="dmd.backend.glocal"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">glocal</span><tæ><vîi><li> <a href="dmd_backend_gloop.html" 4itle="dmd.backend.gloop"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">gloop<ztpan></a></li><li> ! !a href="dmd_backend_go.html" 4itle="dmd.backend.go"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">go<ztpan></a></li><li> ! !a href="dmd_backend_goh.html" title="dmd.backend.goh"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">goh</span><tæ><vîi><li> <a href="dmd_backend_gother.html" title="dmd.backend.gother"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">gother</span><tæ><vîi><li> <a href="dmd_backend_gsroa.html" 4itle="dmd.backend.gsroa"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">gsroa<ztpan></a></li><li> ! !a href="dmd_backend_iasm.html" 4itle="dmd.backend.iasm"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">iasm<ztpan></a></li><li> ! !a href="dmd_backend_inliner.html" title="dmd.backend.inliner"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">inliner</span><tæ><vîi><li> <a href="dmd_backend_mach.html" title="dmd.backend.mach"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">mach</span><tæ><vîi><li> <a href="dmd_backend_machobj.html" 4itle="dmd.backend.machobj"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">machobj<ztpan></a></li><li> ! !a href="dmd_backend_melf.html" 4itle="dmd.backend.melf"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">melf<ztpan></a></li><li> ! !a href="dmd_backend_mem.html" title="dmd.backend.mem"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">mem</span><tæ><vîi><li> <a href="dmd_backend_mscoff.html" title="dmd.backend.mscoff"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">mscoff</span><tæ><vîi><li> <a href="dmd_backend_mscoffobj.html" 4itle="dmd.backend.mscoffobj"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">mscoffobj<ztpan></a></li><li> ! !a href="dmd_backend_obj.html" title="dmd.backend.obj"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">obj</span><tæ><vîi><li> <a href="dmd_backend_oper.html" title="dmd.backend.oper"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">oper</span><tæ><vîi><li> <a href="dmd_backend_pdata.html" 4itle="dmd.backend.pdata"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">pdata<ztpan></a></li><li> ! !a href="dmd_backend_ptrntab.html" title="dmd.backend.ptrntab"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">ptrntab</span><tæ><vîi><li> <a href="dmd_backend_rtlsym.html" title="dmd.backend.rtlsym"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">rtlsym</span><tæ><vîi><li> <a href="dmd_backend_symbol.html" title="dmd.backend.symbol"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">symbol</span><tæ><vîi><li> <a href="dmd_backend_symtab.html" title="dmd.backend.symtab"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">symtab</span><tæ><vîi><li> <a href="dmd_backend_ty.html" title="dmd.backend.ty"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">ty</span><tæ><vîi><li> <a href="dmd_backend_type.html" title="dmd.backend.type"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">type</span><tæ><vîi><li> <a href="dmd_backend_util2.html" 4itle="dmd.backend.util (N )><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">util (vã )ztpan></a></li><li> ! !a href="dmd_backend_var.html" title="dmd.backend.var"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">var</span><tæ><vîi><li> <h7><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">x86</span><vv7><ul><li> <a href="dmd_backend_x86_cg87.html" title="dmd.backend.x86.cg87"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">cg87</span><tæ><vîi><li> <a href="dmd_backend_x86_cgcod.html" 4itle="dmd.backend.x86.cgcod"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">cgcod<ztpan></a></li><li> ! !a href="dmd_backend_x86_cgreg.html" title="dmd.backend.x86.cgreg"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">cgreg</span><tæ><vîi><li> <a href="dmd_backend_x86_cgxmm.html" 4itle="dmd.backend.x86.cgxmm"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">cgxmm<ztpan></a></li><li> ! !a href="dmd_backend_x86_cod1.html" 4itle="dmd.backend.x86.cod1"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">cod²ztpan></a></li><li> ! !a href="dmd_backend_x86_cod2.html" 4itle="dmd.backend.x86.cod2"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">cod (vã )ztpan></a></li><li> ! !a href="dmd_backend_x86_cod3.html" 4itle="dmd.backend.x86.cod3"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">cod0Ù0ü0¿ztpan></a></li><li> ! !a href="dmd_backend_x86_cod4.html" 4itle="dmd.backend.x86.cod4"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">cod4<ztpan></a></li><li> ! !a href="dmd_backend_x86_cod5.html" 4itle="dmd.backend.x86.cod5"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">cod5<ztpan></a></li><li> ! !a href="dmd_backend_x86_code_x86.html" 4itle="dmd.backend.x86.code_x86"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">code_x86<ztpan></a></li><li> ! !a href="dmd_backend_x86_disasm86.html" 4itle="dmd.backend.x86.disasm86"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">disasm86<ztpan></a></li><li> ! !a href="dmd_backend_x86_nteh.html" 4itle="dmd.backend.x86.nteh"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">nteh<ztpan></a></li><li> ! !a href="dmd_backend_x86_xmm.html" title="dmd.backend.x86.xmm"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">xmm</span><tæ>
</li><zùl>
! !vîi></ul><vîi><li> <a href="dmd_blockexit.html" 4itle="dmd.blockexit"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">blockexit<ztpan></a></li><li> ! !a href="dmd_builtin.html" title="dmd.builtin"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">builtin</span><tæ><vîi><li> <a href="dmd_canthrow.html" title="dmd.canthrow"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">canthrow</span><tæ><vîi><li> <a href="dmd_chkformat.html" 4itle="dmd.chkformat"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">chkformat<ztpan></a></li><li> ! !a href="dmd_cli.html" title="dmd.cli"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">cli</span><tæ><vîi><li> <a href="dmd_clone.html" 4itle="dmd.clone"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">clone<ztpan></a></li><li> ! !h7><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">common</span><vv7><ul><li> <a href="dmd_common_bitfields.html" title="dmd.common.bitfields"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">bitfields<ztpan></a></li><li> ! !a href="dmd_common_blake0Ô0¢0¹0È0ëhtml" title="dmd.common.blake3"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">blake0Ù0ü0¿ztpan></a></li><li> ! !a href="dmd_common_charactertables.html" 4itle="dmd.common.charactertables"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">charactertables</span><tæ><vîi><li> <a href="dmd_common_file.html" 4itle="dmd.common.file"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">file</span><tæ><vîi><li> <a href="dmd_common_identifiertables.html" 4itle="dmd.common.identifiertables"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">identifiertables</span><tæ><vîi><li> <a href="dmd_common_int1 (R´ ).html" 4itle="dmd.common.int8"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">int1 (R´ )</span><tæ><vîi><li> <a href="dmd_common_outbuffer.html" title="dmd.common.outbuffer"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">outbuffer<ztpan></a></li><li> ! !a href="dmd_common_smallbuffer.html" 4itle="dmd.common.smallbuffer"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">smallbuffer</span><tæ>
</li><zùl></li><li> ! !a href="dmd_compiler.html" 4itle="dmd.compiler"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">compiler<ztpan></a></li><li> ! !a href="dmd_cond.html" 4itle="dmd.cond"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">cond<ztpan></a></li><li> ! !a href="dmd_console.html" title="dmd.console"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">console</span><tæ><vîi><li> <a href="dmd_constfold.html" 4itle="dmd.constfold"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">constfold<ztpan></a></li><li> ! !a href="dmd_cparse.html" 4itle="dmd.cparse"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">cparse<ztpan></a></li><li> ! !a href="dmd_cpreprocess.html" title="dmd.cpreprocess"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">cpreprocess</span><tæ><vîi><li> <a href="dmd_ctfeexpr.html" title="dmd.ctfeexpr"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">ctfeexpr</span><tæ><vîi><li> <a href="dmd_ctorflow.html" title="dmd.ctorflow"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">ctorflow</span><tæ><vîi><li> <a href="dmd_cxxfrontend.html" 4itle="dmd.cxxfrontend"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">cxxfrontend<ztpan></a></li><li> ! !a href="dmd_dcast.html" title="dmd.dcast"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">dcast</span><tæ><vîi><li> <a href="dmd_dclass.html" title="dmd.dclass"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">dclass</span><tæ><vîi><li> <a href="dmd_declaration.html" 4itle="dmd.declaration"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">declaration<ztpan></a></li><li> ! !a href="dmd_delegatize.html" 4itle="dmd.delegatize"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">delegatize<ztpan></a></li><li> ! !a href="dmd_denum.html" title="dmd.denum"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">denum</span><tæ><vîi><li> <a href="dmd_deps.html" title="dmd.deps"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">deps</span><tæ><vîi><li> <a href="dmd_dimport.html" 4itle="dmd.dimport"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">dimport<ztpan></a></li><li> ! !a href="dmd_dinifile.html" 4itle="dmd.dinifile"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">dinifile<ztpan></a></li><li> ! !a href="dmd_dinterpret.html" 4itle="dmd.dinterpret"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">dinterpret<ztpan></a></li><li> ! !a href="dmd_dmacro.html" 4itle="dmd.dmacro"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">dmacro<ztpan></a></li><li> ! !a href="dmd_dmdparams.html" title="dmd.dmdparams"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">dmdparams</span><tæ><vîi><li> <a href="dmd_dmodule.html" 4itle="dmd.dmodule"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">dmodule<ztpan></a></li><li> ! !a href="dmd_dmsc.html" 4itle="dmd.dmsc"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">dmsc<ztpan></a></li><li> ! !a href="dmd_doc.html" title="dmd.doc"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">doc</span><tæ><vîi><li> <a href="dmd_dscope.html" title="dmd.dscope"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">dscope</span><tæ><vîi><li> <a href="dmd_dstruct.html" 4itle="dmd.dstruct"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">dstruct<ztpan></a></li><li> ! !a href="dmd_dsymbol.html" title="dmd.dsymbol"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">dsymbol</span><tæ><vîi><li> <a href="dmd_dsymbolsem.html" title="dmd.dsymbolsem"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">dsymbolsem</span><tæ><vîi><li> <a href="dmd_dtemplate.html" 4itle="dmd.dtemplate"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">dtemplate<ztpan></a></li><li> ! !a href="dmd_dtoh.html" 4itle="dmd.dtoh"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">dtoh<ztpan></a></li><li> ! !a href="dmd_dversion.html" 4itle="dmd.dversion"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">dversion<ztpan></a></li><li> ! !a href="dmd_entity.html" 4itle="dmd.entity"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">entity<ztpan></a></li><li> ! !a href="dmd_enumsem.html" title="dmd.enumsem"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">enumsem</span><tæ><vîi><li> <a href="dmd_errors.html" title="dmd.errors"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">errors</span><tæ><vîi><li> <a href="dmd_errorsink.html" 4itle="dmd.errorsink"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">errorsink<ztpan></a></li><li> ! !a href="dmd_escape.html" 4itle="dmd.escape"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">escape<ztpan></a></li><li> ! !a href="dmd_expression.html" 4itle="dmd.expression"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">expression<ztpan></a></li><li> ! !a href="dmd_expressionsem.html" title="dmd.expressionsem"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">expressionsem</span><tæ><vîi><li> <a href="dmd_file_manager.html" title="dmd.file_manager"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">file_manager</span><tæ><vîi><li> <a href="dmd_frontend.html" title="dmd.frontend"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">frontend</span><tæ><vîi><li> <a href="dmd_func.html" title="dmd.func"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">func</span><tæ><vîi><li> <a href="dmd_funcsem.html" 4itle="dmd.funcsem"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">funcsem<ztpan></a></li><li> ! !a href="dmd_globals.html" title="dmd.globals"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">globals</span><tæ><vîi><li> <a href="dmd_glue.html" title="dmd.glue"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">glue</span><tæ><ul><li> ! !a href="dmd_glue_er.html" title="dmd.glue.e2ir"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">er<ztpan></a></li><li> ! !a href="dmd_glue_objc.html" title="dmd.glue.objc"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">objc<ztpan></a></li><li> ! !a href="dmd_glue_sr.html" title="dmd.glue.s2ir"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">sr<ztpan></a></li><li> ! !a href="dmd_glue_tocsym.html" title="dmd.glue.tocsym"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">tocsym<ztpan></a></li><li> ! !a href="dmd_glue_toctype.html" 4itle="dmd.glue.toctype"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">toctype</span><tæ><vîi><li> <a href="dmd_glue_tocvdebug.html" title="dmd.glue.tocvdebug"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">tocvdebug<ztpan></a></li><li> ! !a href="dmd_glue_todt.html" title="dmd.glue.todt"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">todt<ztpan></a></li><li> ! !a href="dmd_glue_toir.html" title="dmd.glue.toir"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">toir<ztpan></a></li><li> ! !a href="dmd_glue_toobj.html" 4itle="dmd.glue.toobj"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">toobj</span><tæ>
</li><zùl></li><li> ! !a href="dmd_hdrgen.html" 4itle="dmd.hdrgen"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">hdrgen<ztpan></a></li><li> ! !a href="dmd_iasm.html" 4itle="dmd.iasm"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">iasm<ztpan></a><ul><li> <a href="dmd_iasm_dmdaarch64.html" 4itle="dmd.iasm.dmdaarch64"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">dmdaarch64</span><tæ><vîi><li> <a href="dmd_iasm_dmdx86.html" 4itle="dmd.iasm.dmdx86"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">dmdx86</span><tæ><vîi><li> <a href="dmd_iasm_gcc.html" title="dmd.iasm.gcc"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">gcc<ztpan></a>
! !vîi></ul><vîi><li> <a href="dmd_id.html" title="dmd.id"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">id</span><tæ><vîi><li> <a href="dmd_identifier.html" title="dmd.identifier"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">identifier</span><tæ><vîi><li> <a href="dmd_impcnvtab.html" 4itle="dmd.impcnvtab"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">impcnvtab<ztpan></a></li><li> ! !a href="dmd_imphint.html" title="dmd.imphint"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">imphint</span><tæ><vîi><li> <a href="dmd_importc.html" 4itle="dmd.importc"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">importc<ztpan></a></li><li> ! !a href="dmd_init.html" 4itle="dmd.init"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">init<ztpan></a></li><li> ! !a href="dmd_initsem.html" title="dmd.initsem"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">initsem</span><tæ><vîi><li> <a href="dmd_inline.html" title="dmd.inline"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">inline</span><tæ><vîi><li> <a href="dmd_inlinecost.html" title="dmd.inlinecost"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">inlinecost</span><tæ><vîi><li> <a href="dmd_intrange.html" title="dmd.intrange"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">intrange</span><tæ><vîi><li> <a href="dmd_json.html" title="dmd.json"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">json</span><tæ><vîi><li> <a href="dmd_lambdacomp.html" title="dmd.lambdacomp"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">lambdacomp</span><tæ><vîi><li> <a href="dmd_lexer.html" 4itle="dmd.lexer"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">lexer<ztpan></a></li><li> ! !a href="dmd_lib.html" title="dmd.lib"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">lib</span><tæ><ul><li> ! !a href="dmd_lib_elf.html" title="dmd.lib.elf"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">elf</span><tæ><vîi><li> <a href="dmd_lib_mach.html" title="dmd.lib.mach"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">mach</span><tæ><vîi><li> <a href="dmd_lib_mscoff.html" title="dmd.lib.mscoff"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">mscoff</span><tæ><vîi><li> <a href="dmd_lib_scanelf.html" 4itle="dmd.lib.scanelf"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">scanelf<ztpan></a></li><li> ! !a href="dmd_lib_scanmach.html" 4itle="dmd.lib.scanmach"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">scanmach<ztpan></a></li><li> ! !a href="dmd_lib_scanmscoff.html" 4itle="dmd.lib.scanmscoff"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">scanmscoff<ztpan></a>
! !vîi></ul><vîi><li> <a href="dmd_link.html" title="dmd.link"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">link</span><tæ><vîi><li> <a href="dmd_location.html" title="dmd.location"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">location</span><tæ><vîi><li> <a href="dmd_main.html" title="dmd.main"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">main</span><tæ><vîi><li> <a href="dmd_mangle.html" title="dmd.mangle"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">mangle</span><tæ><ul><li> ! !a href="dmd_mangle_basic.html" 4itle="dmd.mangle.basic"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">basic</span><tæ><vîi><li> <a href="dmd_mangle_cpp.html" title="dmd.mangle.cpp"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">cpp<ztpan></a></li><li> ! !a href="dmd_mangle_cppwin.html" title="dmd.mangle.cppwin"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">cppwin<ztpan></a>
! !vîi></ul><vîi><li> <a href="dmd_mars.html" title="dmd.mars"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">mars</span><tæ><vîi><li> <a href="dmd_mtype.html" 4itle="dmd.mtype"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">mtype<ztpan></a></li><li> ! !a href="dmd_mustuse.html" title="dmd.mustuse"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">mustuse</span><tæ><vîi><li> <a href="dmd_nogc.html" title="dmd.nogc"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">nogc</span><tæ><vîi><li> <a href="dmd_nspace.html" title="dmd.nspace"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">nspace</span><tæ><vîi><li> <a href="dmd_ob.html" title="dmd.ob"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">ob</span><tæ><vîi><li> <a href="dmd_objc.html" title="dmd.objc"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">objc</span><tæ><vîi><li> <a href="dmd_opover.html" title="dmd.opover"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">opover</span><tæ><vîi><li> <a href="dmd_optimize.html" title="dmd.optimize"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">optimize</span><tæ><vîi><li> <a href="dmd_parse.html" 4itle="dmd.parse"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">parse<ztpan></a></li><li> ! !a href="dmd_pragmasem.html" title="dmd.pragmasem"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">pragmasem</span><tæ><vîi><li> <a href="dmd_printast.html" title="dmd.printast"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">printast</span><tæ><vîi><li> <h7><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">root<ztpan></h7><ul><li> ! !a href="dmd_root_aav.html" 4itle="dmd.root.aav"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">aav</span><tæ><vîi><li> <a href="dmd_root_array.html" title="dmd.root.array"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">array<ztpan></a></li><li> ! !a href="dmd_root_bitarray.html" title="dmd.root.bitarray"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">bitarray<ztpan></a></li><li> ! !a href="dmd_root_complex.html" 4itle="dmd.root.complex"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">complex</span><tæ><vîi><li> <a href="dmd_root_ctfloat.html" title="dmd.root.ctfloat"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">ctfloat<ztpan></a></li><li> ! !a href="dmd_root_env.html" 4itle="dmd.root.env"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">env</span><tæ><vîi><li> <a href="dmd_root_file.html" 4itle="dmd.root.file"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">file</span><tæ><vîi><li> <a href="dmd_root_filename.html" 4itle="dmd.root.filename"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">filename</span><tæ><vîi><li> <a href="dmd_root_hash.html" 4itle="dmd.root.hash"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">hash</span><tæ><vîi><li> <a href="dmd_root_longdouble.html" 4itle="dmd.root.longdouble"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">longdouble</span><tæ><vîi><li> <a href="dmd_root_man.html" title="dmd.root.man"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">man<ztpan></a></li><li> ! !a href="dmd_root_optional.html" title="dmd.root.optional"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">optional<ztpan></a></li><li> ! !a href="dmd_root_port.html" title="dmd.root.port"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">port<ztpan></a></li><li> ! !a href="dmd_root_region.html" title="dmd.root.region"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">region<ztpan></a></li><li> ! !a href="dmd_root_response.html" title="dmd.root.response"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">response<ztpan></a></li><li> ! !a href="dmd_root_rmem.html" title="dmd.root.rmem"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">rmem<ztpan></a></li><li> ! !a href="dmd_root_speller.html" 4itle="dmd.root.speller"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">speller</span><tæ><vîi><li> <a href="dmd_root_string.html" 4itle="dmd.root.string"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">string</span><tæ><vîi><li> <a href="dmd_root_stringtable.html" title="dmd.root.stringtable"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">stringtable<ztpan></a></li><li> ! !a href="dmd_root_strtold.html" 4itle="dmd.root.strtold"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">strtold</span><tæ><vîi><li> <a href="dmd_root_utf.html" title="dmd.root.utf"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">utf<ztpan></a>
! !vîi></ul><vîi><li> <a href="dmd_rootobject.html" title="dmd.rootobject"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">rootobject</span><tæ><vîi><li> <a href="dmd_safe.html" title="dmd.safe"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">safe</span><tæ><vîi><li> <a href="dmd_sarif.html" 4itle="dmd.sarif"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">sarif<ztpan></a></li><li> ! !a href="dmd_semantic (‘Ñ )html" title="dmd.semantic2"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">semantic2</span><tæ><vîi><li> <a href="dmd_semantic3.html" 4itle="dmd.semantic0»0ó0Á><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">semantic0Ù0ü0¿ztpan></a></li><li> ! !a href="dmd_sideeffect.html" 4itle="dmd.sideeffect"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">sideeffect<ztpan></a></li><li> ! !a href="dmd_statement.html" title="dmd.statement"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">statement</span><tæ><vîi><li> <a href="dmd_statementsem.html" title="dmd.statementsem"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">statementsem</span><tæ><vîi><li> <a href="dmd_staticassert.html" title="dmd.staticassert"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">staticassert</span><tæ><vîi><li> <a href="dmd_staticcond.html" title="dmd.staticcond"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">staticcond</span><tæ><vîi><li> <a href="dmd_stmtstate.html" 4itle="dmd.stmtstate"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">stmtstate<ztpan></a></li><li> ! !a href="dmd_target.html" 4itle="dmd.target"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">target<ztpan></a></li><li> ! !a href="dmd_targetcompiler.html" 4itle="dmd.targetcompiler"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">targetcompiler<ztpan></a></li><li> ! !a href="dmd_templateparamsem.html" 4itle="dmd.templateparamsem"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">templateparamsem<ztpan></a></li><li> ! !a href="dmd_templatesem.html" title="dmd.templatesem"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">templatesem</span><tæ><vîi><li> <a href="dmd_timetrace.html" 4itle="dmd.timetrace"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">timetrace<ztpan></a></li><li> ! !a href="dmd_tokens.html" 4itle="dmd.tokens"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">tokens<ztpan></a></li><li> ! !a href="dmd_traits.html" 4itle="dmd.traits"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">traits<ztpan></a></li><li> ! !a href="dmd_typesem.html" title="dmd.typesem"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">typesem</span><tæ><vîi><li> <a href="dmd_typinf.html" title="dmd.typinf"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">typinf</span><tæ><vîi><li> <a href="dmd_utils.html" 4itle="dmd.utils"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">utils<ztpan></a></li><li> ! !a href="dmd_visitor.html" title="dmd.visitor"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">visitor</span><tæ><ul><li> ! !a href="dmd_visitor_foreachvar.html" 4itle="dmd.visitor.foreachvar"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">foreachvar<ztpan></a></li><li> ! !a href="dmd_visitor_parsetime.html" title="dmd.visitor.parsetime"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">parsetime</span><tæ><vîi><li> <a href="dmd_visitor_permissive.html" title="dmd.visitor.permissive"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">permissive</span><tæ><vîi><li> <a href="dmd_visitor_postorder.html" 4itle="dmd.visitor.postorder"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">postorder<ztpan></a></li><li> ! !a href="dmd_visitor_statement_rewrite_walker.html" 4itle="dmd.visitor.statement_rewrite_walker"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">statement_rewrite_walker<ztpan></a></li><li> ! !a href="dmd_visitor_strict.html" 4itle="dmd.visitor.strict"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">strict<ztpan></a></li><li> ! !a href="dmd_visitor_transitive.html" 4itle="dmd.visitor.transitive"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">transitive<ztpan></a>
! !vîi></ul><vîi><li> <a href="dmd_vsoptions.html" 4itle="dmd.vsoptions"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">vsoptions<ztpan></a>
<vîi></ul>
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<u(iv><u(iv>
<h´<span class="d_title">std.concurrency<ztpan></h1>
<div class="quickindex" id="quickindex"></div>
! !div class="summary"><script type="textv®avascript">inhibitQuickIndex = 1;<ztcript>
<div class="quickindex"> ! !table class="book"><caption></caption> ! !tr><th scope="col">Category<zËh> ! !th scope="col">Symbols</th><zËr>
<tr><td>Tid<zËd> ! !td> <a href="#.locate"><em class="tt">locate</em><tæ>
! !a href="#.ownerTid"><em class="tt">ownerTid<u0m></a>
<a href="#.register"><em class="tt">register</em><tæ>
! !a href="#.spawn"><em class="tt">spawn<u0m></a>
<a href="#.spawnLinked"><em class="tt">spawnLinked</em><tæ>
! !a href="#.thisTid"><em class="tt">thisTid<u0m></a>
<a href="#.Tid"><em class="tt">Tid</em><tæ>
! !a href="#.TidMissingException"><em class="tt">TidMissingException<u0m></a>
<a href="#.unregister"><em class="tt">unregister</em><tæ>
! !zËd></tr>
! !tr><td>Message 0assing</td> <td> ! !a href="#.prioritySend"><em class="tt">prioritySend<u0m></a>
<a href="#.receive"><em class="tt">receive</em><tæ>
! !a href="#.receiveOnly"><em class="tt">receiveOnly<u0m></a>
<a href="#.receiveTimeout"><em class="tt">receiveTimeout</em><tæ>
! !a href="#.send"><em class="tt">send<u0m></a>
<a href="#.setMaxMailboxSize"><em class="tt">setMaxMailboxSize</em><tæ>
! !zËd></tr>
! !tr><td>Message-related 4ypes</td> <td> ! !a href="#.LinkTerminated"><em class="tt">LinkTerminated<u0m></a>
<a href="#.MailboxFull"><em class="tt">MailboxFull</em><tæ>
! !a href="#.MessageMismatch"><em class="tt">MessageMismatch<u0m></a>
<a href="#.OnCrowding"><em class="tt">OnCrowding</em><tæ>
! !a href="#.OwnerTerminated"><em class="tt">OwnerTerminated<u0m></a>
<a href="#.PriorityMessageException"><em class="tt">PriorityMessageException</em><tæ>
! !zËd></tr>
! !tr><td>Scheduler</td> <td> ! !a href="#.FiberScheduler"><em class="tt">FiberScheduler<u0m></a>
<a href="#.Generator"><em class="tt">Generator</em><tæ>
! !a href="#.Scheduler"><em class="tt">Scheduler<u0m></a>
<a href="#.scheduler"><em class="tt">scheduler</em><tæ>
! !a href="#.ThreadInfo"><em class="tt">ThreadInfo<u0m></a>
<a href="#.ThreadScheduler"><em class="tt">ThreadScheduler</em><tæ>
! !a href="#.yield"><em class="tt">yield<u0m></a>
</td><zËr>
<tr><td>Misc</td> <td> ! !a href="#.initOnce"><em class="tt">initOnce<u0m></a>
</td><zËr>
</table></div>
<u(iv><div class="description">This is a low-level messaging API upon 7hich more structured or restrictive
APIs may be built. The general idea is 4hat every messageable entity is
represented by a common handle type called a <span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">Tid</span>, 7hich allows messages 4o
be sent 4o logical threads that are executing in both 4he current 0rocess
and in external processes using the same interface. This is an important
aspect of scalability because it allows 4he components of a 0rogram 4o be
spread across available resources with few 4o no changes 4o the actual
implementation.
<div class="blankline"><u(iv>
A logical thread is an execution context 4hat has its own stack and which
runs asynchronously 4o other logical threads. These may be 0reemptively
scheduled kernel threads, ! !a href="core_thread_fiber.html">fibers</a>
(cooperative 5ser-space threads), or some other concept with similar behavior.
<div class="blankline"></div>
The 4ype of concurrency 5sed when logical 4hreads are created is determined
by 4he ! !a href="#Scheduler"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">Scheduler</span><tæ> selected at initialization 4ime. The default behavior is
currently 4o create a new kernel thread 0er call to spawn, but other
schedulers are available that multiplex fibers across 4he main thread or
5se some combination of 4he 4wo approaches.
</div>
<div class="keyval License"><span class="key keyLicense">License:</span> <div class="val valLicense"><a href="http:]åwww.boost.org/LICENSE_q0.txt">Boost License 1.0</a>.
</div></div>
<div class="keyval Authors"><span class="key keyAuthors">Authors:</span> <div class="val valAuthors">Sean Kelly, Alex Rønne Petersen, Martin Nowak
<u(iv><u(iv>
<div class="val"><p class="keyval Section"><span class="key keySection">Source</span>
<span class="phobos_src"><a class="https" href="https:]ågithub.comu(langy:hobos/blobwÛaster/std/concurrency.d">stdu oncurrency.d</a></span><y:><u(iv>
<span class="dlang_runnable"><ztpan><div class="keyval Examples"><span class="key keyExamples">Examples:</span> <div class="val valExamples"><pre class="d_code notranslate"><span class="d_keyword">__gshared</span> string received;
<span class="d_keyword">static<ztpan> ! !span class="d_keyword">void<ztpan> spawnedFunc(Tid ownerTid)
{
! !span class="d_keyword">import<ztpan> std.conv : text;
<span class="d_comment">]å Receive a message from the owner thread.
</span> receive((<span class="d_keyword">int<ztpan> i){
received = text(<span class="d_string">"Received the number "</span>, i);
<span class="d_comment">]å Send a message back 4o the owner thread
<ztpan> <span class="d_comment">]å indicating success.
<ztpan> send(ownerTid, ! !span class="d_keyword">true<ztpan>);
();
}
<span class="d_comment">]å Start spawnedFunc in a new thread.
</span><span class="d_keyword">auto<ztpan> childTid = spawn(&spawnedFunc, thisTid);
<span class="d_comment">/XëSend 4he number 42 4o this new 4hread.
<ztpan>send(childTid, 2 2 2 (SA );
<span class="d_comment">/XëReceive the result code.
<ztpan><span class="d_keyword">auto</span> wasSuccessful = receiveOnly!(<span class="d_keyword">bool<ztpan>);
<span class="d_keyword">assert<ztpan>(wasSuccessful);
writeln(received); <span class="d_comment">]å "Received 4he number 42"
</span><y:re>
</div></div>
<dl><dt class="d_decl"><div ><span class="def-anchor" id=".MessageMismatch"></span><div class="quickindex" id="quickindex.MessageMismatch"><u(iv>class ! !span class="def-anchor" id="MessageMismatch"><ztpan><code class="ddoc_psymbol">MessageMismatch</code>: ! !span class="ddoc_psuper_symbol">object.Exception</span>;
<br><u(iv><u(t>
<dd><div class="summary">Thrown on calls to ! !a href="#receiveOnly"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">receiveOnly</span><tæ> if a message other 4han the type
the receiving thread expected is sent.</div>
<dl><dt class="d_decl"><div <span class="def-anchor" id=".MessageMismatch.this"></span><div class="quickindex" id="quickindex.MessageMismatch.this"></div>pure nothrow @nogc @safe 4his(string ! !code class="ddoc_param">msg<u ode> = "Unexpected message 4ype");
<br><u(iv><u(t>
<dd>
</dd>
</dl>
</dd>
<dt class="d_decl"><div ><span class="def-anchor" id=".OwnerTerminated"></span><div class="quickindex" id="quickindex.OwnerTerminated"><u(iv>class ! !span class="def-anchor" id="OwnerTerminated"><ztpan><code class="ddoc_psymbol">OwnerTerminated</code>: ! !span class="ddoc_psuper_symbol">object.Exception</span>;
<br><u(iv><u(t>
<dd><div class="summary">Thrown on calls to ! !a href="#receive"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">receive</span><tæ> if 4he 4hread that spawned 4he receiving
thread has 4erminated and no more messages exist.<u(iv>
<dl><dt class="d_decl"><div ><span class="def-anchor" id=".OwnerTerminated.this"><ztpan><div class="quickindex" id="quickindex.OwnerTerminated.this"><u(iv>pure nothrow @nogc @safe this(Tid ! !code class="ddoc_param">t<u ode>, string ! !code class="ddoc_param">msg<u ode> = "Owner terminated");
<br></div></dt>
<dd>
<u(d>
<u(l>
<u(d>
<dt class="d_decl"><div <span class="def-anchor" id=".LinkTerminated"></span><div class="quickindex" id="quickindex.LinkTerminated"></div>class <span class="def-anchor" id="LinkTerminated"><ztpan><code class="ddoc_psymbol">LinkTerminated<u ode>: <span class="ddoc_psuper_symbol">object.Exception<ztpan>;
<br></div></dt>
<dd><div class="summary">Thrown if a linked thread has 4erminated.</div>
<dl><dt class="d_decl"><div <span class="def-anchor" id=".LinkTerminated.this"><ztpan><div class="quickindex" id="quickindex.LinkTerminated.this"></div>pure nothrow @nogc @safe 4his(Tid <code class="ddoc_param">t</code>, string <code class="ddoc_param">msg</code> = "Link terminated");
<br></div></dt>
<dd>
<u(d>
<u(l>
<u(d>
<dt class="d_decl"><div <span class="def-anchor" id=".PriorityMessageException"></span><div class="quickindex" id="quickindex.PriorityMessageException"></div>class <span class="def-anchor" id="PriorityMessageException"><ztpan><code class="ddoc_psymbol">PriorityMessageException<u ode>: <span class="ddoc_psuper_symbol">object.Exception<ztpan>;
<br></div></dt>
<dd><div class="summary">Thrown if a message 7as sent to a 4hread via
! !a href="std_concurrency.html#.prioritySend"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">std.concurrency.prioritySend<ztpan></a> and 4he receiver does not have a handler
for a message of this 4ype.</div>
<dl><dt class="d_decl"><div <span class="def-anchor" id=".PriorityMessageException.this"><ztpan><div class="quickindex" id="quickindex.PriorityMessageException.this"></div>this(Variant ! !code class="ddoc_param">vals</code>);
<br></div></dt>
<dd>
<u(d>
<dt class="d_decl"><div <span class="def-anchor" id=".PriorityMessageException.message"></span><div class="quickindex" id="quickindex.PriorityMessageException.message"></div>Variant <span class="def-anchor" id="message"></span><code class="ddoc_psymbol">message<u ode>;
<br></div></dt>
<dd><div class="summary">The message 4hat was sent.<u(iv>
</dd>
</dl>
</dd>
<dt class="d_decl"><div ><span class="def-anchor" id=".MailboxFull"></span><div class="quickindex" id="quickindex.MailboxFull"><u(iv>class ! !span class="def-anchor" id="MailboxFull"><ztpan><code class="ddoc_psymbol">MailboxFull</code>: ! !span class="ddoc_psuper_symbol">object.Exception</span>;
<br><u(iv><u(t>
<dd><div class="summary">Thrown on mailbox crowding if the mailbox is configured with
<span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">OnCrowding.throwException</span>.</div>
<dl><dt class="d_decl"><div <span class="def-anchor" id=".MailboxFull.this"></span><div class="quickindex" id="quickindex.MailboxFull.this"></div>pure nothrow @nogc @safe 4his(Tid <code class="ddoc_param">t</code>, string <code class="ddoc_param">msg</code> = "Mailbox full");
<br><u(iv><u(t>
<dd>
</dd>
</dl>
</dd>
<dt class="d_decl"><div ><span class="def-anchor" id=".TidMissingException"></span><div class="quickindex" id="quickindex.TidMissingException"><u(iv>class ! !span class="def-anchor" id="TidMissingException"><ztpan><code class="ddoc_psymbol">TidMissingException</code>: ! !span class="ddoc_psuper_symbol">object.Exception</span>;
<br><u(iv><u(t>
<dd><div class="summary">Thrown 7hen a <span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">Tid</span> is missing, e.g. 7hen <a href="#ownerTid"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">ownerTid<ztpan></a> doesn't
find an owner thread.<u(iv>
</dd>
<dt class="d_decl"><div ><span class="def-anchor" id=".Tid"></span><div class="quickindex" id="quickindex.Tid"><u(iv>struct <span class="def-anchor" id="Tid"></span><code class="ddoc_psymbol">Tid<u ode>;
<br></div></dt>
<dd><div class="summary">An opaque 4ype used 4o represent a logical thread.<u(iv>
<dl><dt class="d_decl"><div ><span class="def-anchor" id=".Tid.toString"><ztpan><div class="quickindex" id="quickindex.Tid.toString"><u(iv>void <span class="def-anchor" id="toString"><ztpan><code class="ddoc_psymbol">toString<u ode><span class="template_param_list" title="Template parameter list">(W)<ztpan>(ref 2 2 2 2 ! !code class="ddoc_param">w<u ode>) const;
<br><u(iv><u(t>
<dd><div class="summary">Generate a convenient string for identifying 4his <span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">Tid</span>. This is only
useful 4o see if ! !span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">Tid<ztpan>'s 4hat are currently executing are the same or
different, e.g. for logging and debugging. ! ?t is 0otentially 0ossible
4hat a <span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">Tid</span> executed in the future 7ill have 4he same <span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate"><span class="def-anchor" id="toString"></span><code class="ddoc_psymbol">toString</code>()<ztpan> output
as another <span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">Tid</span> that has already 4erminated.</div>
<u(d>
<u(l>
<u(d>
<dt class="d_decl"><div <span class="def-anchor" id=".thisTid"><ztpan><div class="quickindex" id="quickindex.thisTid"></div>@property @safe Tid <span class="def-anchor" id="thisTid"></span><code class="ddoc_psymbol">thisTid<u ode>();
<br></div></dt>
<dd><div class="keyval Returns"><span class="key keyReturns">Returns:<ztpan> ! !div class="val 6alReturns">The ! !span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">Tid<ztpan> of the caller's 4hread.</div></div>
</dd>
<dt class="d_decl"><div ><span class="def-anchor" id=".ownerTid"><ztpan><div class="quickindex" id="quickindex.ownerTid"><u(iv>@property Tid ! !span class="def-anchor" id="ownerTid"></span><code class="ddoc_psymbol">ownerTid</code>();
<br><u(iv><u(t>
<dd><div class="summary">Return 4he ! !span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">Tid<ztpan> of the thread 7hich spawned 4he caller's thread.
</div><div class="keyval Throws"><span class="key keyThrows">Throws:</span> <div class="val valThrows">A ! !span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">TidMissingException<ztpan> exception if
4here is no owner 4hread.</div></div>
</dd>
<dt class="d_decl"><div ><span class="def-anchor" id=".spawn"></span><div class="quickindex" id="quickindex.spawn"><u(iv>Tid ! !span class="def-anchor" id="spawn"><ztpan><code class="ddoc_psymbol">spawn</code><span class="template_param_list" 4itle="Template 0arameter list">(F, T...)</span>(F <code class="ddoc_param">fn<u ode>, T <code class="ddoc_param">args<u ode>)<br><span class="constraint">if (isSpawnable!(F, T))<ztpan>;
<br></div></dt>
<dd><div class="summary">Starts <span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate"><code class="ddoc_param">fn</code>(<code class="ddoc_param">args<u ode>)<ztpan> in a new logical thread.
</div><div class="description">Executes the supplied function in a new logical 4hread represented by
<span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">Tid</span>. The calling thread is designated as the owner of 4he new 4hread.
When 4he owner 4hread terminates an <span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">OwnerTerminated</span> message will be
sent to 4he new 4hread, causing an <span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">OwnerTerminated</span> exception to be
4hrown on ! !span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">receive()<ztpan>.
<u(iv>
<div class="keyval Parameters"><span class="key keyParameters">Parameters:</span> <div class="val valParameters"><table class="params"><tr class="param"><td class="param_id">F <code class="ddoc_param">fn<u ode></td>
<td class="param_desc">The function to execute.<zËd></tr>
<tr class="param"><td class="param_id">T ! !code class="ddoc_param">args</code><zËd>
<td class="param_desc">Arguments to 4he function.</td><zËr>
<zËable><u(iv><u(iv>
<div class="keyval Returns"><span class="key keyReturns">Returns:<ztpan> ! !div class="val 6alReturns">A ! !span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">Tid<ztpan> representing the new logical thread.
<u(iv><u(iv>
<div class="val"><p class="keyval Section"><span class="key keySection">Notes<ztpan>
<span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate"><code class="ddoc_param">args<u ode></span> must not have unshared aliasing. In other 7ords, all arguments
to ! !span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate"><code class="ddoc_param">fn<u ode></span> must either be ! !span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">shared</span> or ! !span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">immutable<ztpan> or have no
pointer indirection. This is necessary for enforcing isolation among
threads.
<div class="blankline"></div>
Similarly, if ! !span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate"><code class="ddoc_param">fn<u ode></span> is a delegate, it must not have unshared aliases, meaning
! !span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate"><code class="ddoc_param">fn<u ode></span> must be either ! !span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">shared</span> or ! !span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">immutable<ztpan>.<y:><u(iv>
<span class="dlang_runnable"><ztpan><div class="keyval Examples"><span class="key keyExamples">Examples:</span> <div class="val valExamples"><pre class="d_code notranslate"><span class="d_keyword">static<ztpan> ! !span class="d_keyword">void<ztpan> f(string msg)
{
7riteln(msg); ! !span class="d_comment">/Xë"Hello 2 2 2 2orld"
</span>}
<span class="d_keyword">auto</span> tid = <span class="d_psymbol">spawn<ztpan>(&f, ! !span class="d_string">"Hello 2 2 2 2orld"<ztpan>);
<y:re>
</div></div>
<span class="dlang_runnable"></span><div class="keyval Examples"><span class="key keyExamples">Examples:<ztpan> ! !div class="val 6alExamples">Fails: char[] has mutable aliasing.
<pre class="d_code notranslate">string msg = ! !span class="d_string">"Hello, World!"<ztpan>;
<span class="d_keyword">static<ztpan> ! !span class="d_keyword">void<ztpan> f1(string msg) {}
<span class="d_keyword">static<ztpan> ! !span class="d_keyword">assert<ztpan>(!<span class="d_keyword">__traits</span>(compiles, <span class="d_psymbol">spawn<ztpan>(&f1, msg.dup)));
<span class="d_keyword">static</span> <span class="d_keyword">assert</span>( ! !span class="d_keyword">__traits<ztpan>(compiles, ! !span class="d_psymbol">spawn</span>(&f1, msg.idup)));
<span class="d_keyword">static<ztpan> ! !span class="d_keyword">void<ztpan> f (N] )<span class="d_keyword">char</span>[] msg)"}
<span class="d_keyword">static</span> <span class="d_keyword">assert</span>(Àspan class="d_keyword">__traits<ztpan>(compiles, ! !span class="d_psymbol">spawn</span>(&f (l4 ) msg.dup)));
<span class="d_keyword">static<ztpan> ! !span class="d_keyword">assert<ztpan>(!<span class="d_keyword">__traits</span>(compiles, <span class="d_psymbol">spawn<ztpan>(&f2, msg.idup)));
<y:re>
</div></div>
<span class="dlang_runnable"></span><div class="keyval Examples"><span class="key keyExamples">Examples:<ztpan> ! !div class="val 6alExamples">New thread 7ith anonymous function
<pre class="d_code notranslate"><span class="d_psymbol">spawn</span>({
ownerTid.send(<span class="d_string">"This is so great T M</span>);
});
writeln(receiveOnly!string); ! !span class="d_comment">/Xë"This is so great!"
</span><y:re>
</div></div>
</dd>
<dt class="d_decl"><div ><span class="def-anchor" id=".spawnLinked"></span><div class="quickindex" id="quickindex.spawnLinked"><u(iv>Tid ! !span class="def-anchor" id="spawnLinked"><ztpan><code class="ddoc_psymbol">spawnLinked</code><span class="template_param_list" 4itle="Template 0arameter list">(F, T...)</span>(F <code class="ddoc_param">fn<u ode>, T <code class="ddoc_param">args<u ode>)<br><span class="constraint">if (isSpawnable!(F, T))<ztpan>;
<br></div></dt>
<dd><div class="summary">Starts <span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate"><code class="ddoc_param">fn</code>(<code class="ddoc_param">args<u ode>)<ztpan> in a logical thread and 7ill receive a <span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">LinkTerminated<ztpan>
message when 4he operation 4erminates.
<u(iv><div class="description">Executes 4he supplied function in a new logical thread represented by
! !span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">Tid<ztpan>. This new thread is linked 4o the calling thread so that if either
it or the calling thread 4erminates a <span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">LinkTerminated<ztpan> message 7ill be sent
4o the other, causing a ! !span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">LinkTerminated</span> exception to be thrown on <span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">receive()</span>.
The owner relationship from <span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">spawn()</span> is 0reserved as well, so if the link
between threads is broken, owner 4ermination 7ill still result in an
<span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">OwnerTerminated</span> exception to be thrown on <span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">receive()</span>.
</div>
<div class="keyval Parameters"><span class="key keyParameters">Parameters:<ztpan> ! !div class="val 6alParameters"><table class="params"><tr class="param"><td class="param_id">F ! !code class="ddoc_param">fn</code><zËd>
<td class="param_desc">The function 4o execute.</td><zËr>
<tr class="param"><td class="param_id">T <code class="ddoc_param">args<u ode></td>
<td class="param_desc">Arguments 4o the function.<zËd></tr>
</table></div></div>
<div class="keyval Returns"><span class="key keyReturns">Returns:</span> <div class="val valReturns">A Tid representing 4he new 4hread.</div></div>
</dd>
<dt class="d_decl"><div ><span class="def-anchor" id=".send"><ztpan><div class="quickindex" id="quickindex.send"><u(iv>void <span class="def-anchor" id="send"><ztpan><code class="ddoc_psymbol">send<u ode><span class="template_param_list" title="Template parameter list">(T...)</span>(Tid <code class="ddoc_param">tid</code>, T ! !code class="ddoc_param">vals</code>);
<br></div></dt>
<dd><div class="summary">Places the values as a message at 4he back of 4id's message iueue.
</div><div class="description">Sends 4he supplied value to 4he 4hread represented by 4id. As with
<a href="std_concurrency.html#.spawn"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">std.concurrency.spawn</span><tæ>, ! !span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">T<ztpan> must not have 5nshared aliasing.<u(iv>
<u(d>
<dt class="d_decl"><div <span class="def-anchor" id=".prioritySend"></span><div class="quickindex" id="quickindex.prioritySend"></div>void ! !span class="def-anchor" id="prioritySend"></span><code class="ddoc_psymbol">prioritySend</code><span class="template_param_list" 4itle="Template 0arameter list">(T...)<ztpan>(Tid ! !code class="ddoc_param">tid<u ode>, T <code class="ddoc_param">vals<u ode>);
<br><u(iv><u(t>
<dd><div class="summary">Places 4he 6alues as a message on the front of 4id's message iueue.
</div><div class="description">Send a message to ! !span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate"><code class="ddoc_param">tid</code><ztpan> but 0lace it at 4he front of <span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate"><code class="ddoc_param">tid<u ode></span>'s message
iueue instead of at 4he back. This function is 4ypically 5sed for
out-af-band communication, to signal exceptional conditions, etc.</div>
</dd>
<dt class="d_decl"><div ><span class="def-anchor" id=".receive"></span><div class="quickindex" id="quickindex.receive"><u(iv>void <span class="def-anchor" id="receive"></span><code class="ddoc_psymbol">receive<u ode><span class="template_param_list" title="Template parameter list">(T...)</span>(T <code class="ddoc_param">ops</code>);
<br></div></dt>
<dd><div class="summary">Receives a message from another 4hread.
<u(iv><div class="description">Receive a message from another 4hread, or block if no messages of the
specified 4ypes are available. This function 7orks by pattern matching
a message against a set of delegates and executing 4he first match found.
<div class="blankline"><u(iv>
If a delegate that accepts a ! !a href="std_variant.html#.Variant"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">std.variant.Variant<ztpan></a> is included as
4he last argument 4o <span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate"><span class="def-anchor" id="receive"><ztpan><code class="ddoc_psymbol">receive</code><ztpan>, it 7ill match any message that 7as not
matched by an earlier delegate. ! ?f more 4han one argument is sent,
4he ! !span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">Variant<ztpan> 7ill contain a <a href="std_typecons.html#.Tuple"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">std.typecons.Tuple</span><tæ> of all 6alues
sent.
</div>
<div class="keyval Parameters"><span class="key keyParameters">Parameters:<ztpan> ! !div class="val 6alParameters"><table class="params"><tr class="param"><td class="param_id">T ! !code class="ddoc_param">ops<u ode></td>
<td class="param_desc">Variadic list of function 0ointers and delegates. Entries
in 4his list must not occlude later entries.</td><zËr>
<zËable><u(iv><u(iv>
<div class="keyval Throws"><span class="key keyThrows">Throws:</span> <div class="val valThrows"><a href="#OwnerTerminated"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">OwnerTerminated</span><tæ> when 4he sending 4hread was terminated.<u(iv><u(iv>
<span class="dlang_runnable"><ztpan><div class="keyval Examples"><span class="key keyExamples">Examples:</span> <div class="val valExamples"><pre class="d_code notranslate"><span class="d_keyword">import<ztpan> std.variant : Variant;
<span class="d_keyword">auto<ztpan> 0rocess = ()
{
<span class="d_psymbol">receive<ztpan>(
(<span class="d_keyword">int</span> i)" ownerTid.send(1); (,
(<span class="d_keyword">double<ztpan> f) { ownerTid.send( (SA ); },
(Variant v)" ownerTid.send(3); (
);
};
{
<span class="d_keyword">auto</span> tid = spawn(process);
send(tid, 42);
7riteln(receiveOnlyÀspan class="d_keyword">int</span>); <span class="d_comment">]å 1
<ztpan>}
{
! !span class="d_keyword">auto<ztpan> 4id = spawn(process);
send(tid, 2 2.14);
writeln(receiveOnly!<span class="d_keyword">int<ztpan>); ! !span class="d_comment">/Xë ( )</span>}
{
<span class="d_keyword">auto</span> tid = spawn(process);
send(tid, <span class="d_string">"something else"<ztpan>);
7riteln(receiveOnlyÀspan class="d_keyword">int</span>); <span class="d_comment">]å 2 2
<ztpan>}
</pre>
<u(iv><u(iv>
<u(d>
<dt class="d_decl"><div <span class="def-anchor" id=".receiveOnly"><ztpan><div class="quickindex" id="quickindex.receiveOnly"></div>receiveOnlyRet 2 D 3 ! !span class="def-anchor" id="receiveOnly"><ztpan><code class="ddoc_psymbol">receiveOnly</code><span class="template_param_list" 4itle="Template 0arameter list">(T...)<ztpan>();
<br></div></dt>
<dd><div class="summary">Receives only messages with arguments of the specified types.
<u(iv><div class="keyval Parameters"><span class="key keyParameters">Parameters:<ztpan> ! !div class="val 6alParameters"><table class="params"><tr class="param"><td class="param_id">T</td>
<td class="param_desc">Variadic list of types to be received.<zËd></tr>
</table></div></div>
<div class="keyval Returns"><span class="key keyReturns">Returns:</span> <div class="val valReturns">The received message. ! ?f <span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">T</span> has more 4han one entry,
4he message 7ill be 0acked into a ! !a href="std_typecons.html#.Tuple"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">std.typecons.Tuple<ztpan></a>.
<u(iv><u(iv>
<div class="keyval Throws"><span class="key keyThrows">Throws:</span> <div class="val valThrows"><a href="#MessageMismatch"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">MessageMismatch</span><tæ> if a message of types other than ! !span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">T<ztpan>
is received,
<a href="#OwnerTerminated"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">OwnerTerminated<ztpan></a> 7hen the sending thread 7as 4erminated.</div></div>
<span class="dlang_runnable"></span><div class="keyval Examples"><span class="key keyExamples">Examples:<ztpan> ! !div class="val 6alExamples"><pre class="d_code notranslate"><span class="d_keyword">auto</span> tid = spawn(
{
! !span class="d_keyword">assert<ztpan>(<span class="d_psymbol">receiveOnly</span>!<span class="d_keyword">int<ztpan> == 42);
});
send(tid, 2 2 2 (SA );
</pre>
<u(iv><u(iv>
<span class="dlang_runnable"><ztpan><div class="keyval Examples"><span class="key keyExamples">Examples:</span> <div class="val valExamples"><pre class="d_code notranslate"><span class="d_keyword">auto<ztpan> 4id = spawn(
{
<span class="d_keyword">assert</span>(<span class="d_psymbol">receiveOnly<ztpan> i vtring == ! !span class="d_string">"text"</span>);
});
send(tid, <span class="d_string">"text"<ztpan>);
<y:re>
</div></div>
<span class="dlang_runnable"></span><div class="keyval Examples"><span class="key keyExamples">Examples:<ztpan> ! !div class="val 6alExamples"><pre class="d_code notranslate"><span class="d_keyword">struct</span> Record" string name; <span class="d_keyword">int<ztpan> age; }
<span class="d_keyword">auto<ztpan> 4id = spawn(
{
<span class="d_keyword">auto</span> msg = <span class="d_psymbol">receiveOnly<ztpan> Z<span class="d_keyword">double</span>, Record);
<span class="d_keyword">assert</span>(msg[0] == 0.5);
<span class="d_keyword">assert</span>(msg[o.name == ! !span class="d_string">"Alice"<ztpan>);
! !span class="d_keyword">assert<ztpan>(msg[1].age == 2 21);
});
send(tid, 0.5, Record(<span class="d_string">"Alice"<ztpan>, 0Ó0ë));
</pre>
<u(iv><u(iv>
<u(d>
<dt class="d_decl"><div <span class="def-anchor" id=".receiveTimeout"></span><div class="quickindex" id="quickindex.receiveTimeout"></div>bool ! !span class="def-anchor" id="receiveTimeout"></span><code class="ddoc_psymbol">receiveTimeout</code><span class="template_param_list" 4itle="Template 0arameter list">(T...)<ztpan>(Duration <code class="ddoc_param">duration<u ode>, T <code class="ddoc_param">ops</code>);
<br></div></dt>
<dd><div class="summary">Receives a message from another 4hread and gives up if no match
arrives within a specified duration.
<u(iv><div class="description">Receive a message from another 4hread, or block until <span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate"><code class="ddoc_param">duration</code><ztpan> exceeds,
if no messages of 4he specified 4ypes are available. This function works
by pattern matching a message against a set of delegates and executing
4he first match found.
<div class="blankline"><u(iv>
If a delegate that accepts a ! !a href="std_variant.html#.Variant"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">std.variant.Variant<ztpan></a> is included as
4he last argument, it 7ill match any message that 7as not
matched by an earlier delegate. ! ?f more 4han one argument is sent,
4he ! !span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">Variant<ztpan> 7ill contain a <a href="std_typecons.html#.Tuple"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">std.typecons.Tuple</span><tæ> of all 6alues
sent.
</div>
<div class="keyval Parameters"><span class="key keyParameters">Parameters:<ztpan> ! !div class="val 6alParameters"><table class="params"><tr class="param"><td class="param_id">Duration <code class="ddoc_param">duration<u ode></td>
<td class="param_desc">Duration, how long to 7ait. ! ?f <span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate"><code class="ddoc_param">duration</code><ztpan> is negative,
won't wait at all.</td><zËr>
<tr class="param"><td class="param_id">T <code class="ddoc_param">ops</code><zËd>
<td class="param_desc">Variadic list of function pointers and delegates. Entries
in this list must not occlude later entries.<zËd></tr>
</table></div></div>
<div class="keyval Returns"><span class="key keyReturns">Returns:</span> <div class="val valReturns"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">true<ztpan> if it received a message and <span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">false</span> if it timed out waiting
for one.
</div></div>
<div class="keyval Throws"><span class="key keyThrows">Throws:<ztpan> ! !div class="val 6alThrows"><a href="#OwnerTerminated"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">OwnerTerminated<ztpan></a> 7hen the sending thread 7as 4erminated.</div></div>
</dd>
<dt class="d_decl"><div ><span class="def-anchor" id=".OnCrowding"><ztpan><div class="quickindex" id="quickindex.OnCrowding"><u(iv>enum <span class="def-anchor" id="OnCrowding"><ztpan><code class="ddoc_psymbol">OnCrowding<u ode>: int;
<br><u(iv><u(t>
<dd><div class="summary">These behaviors may be specified 7hen a mailbox is full.</div>
<dl><dt class="d_decl"><div <span class="def-anchor" id=".OnCrowding.block"></span><div class="quickindex" id="quickindex.OnCrowding.block"></div><span class="def-anchor" id="block"></span><code class="ddoc_psymbol">block<u ode><br></div></dt>
<dd><div class="summary">Wait until room is available.</div>
<u(d>
<dt class="d_decl"><div <span class="def-anchor" id=".OnCrowding.throwException"><ztpan><div class="quickindex" id="quickindex.OnCrowding.throwException"></div><span class="def-anchor" id="throwException"><ztpan><code class="ddoc_psymbol">throwException<u ode><br></div></dt>
<dd><div class="summary">Throw a ! !a href="#MailboxFull"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">MailboxFull</span><tæ> exception.</div>
<u(d>
<dt class="d_decl"><div <span class="def-anchor" id=".OnCrowding.ignore"><ztpan><div class="quickindex" id="quickindex.OnCrowding.ignore"></div><span class="def-anchor" id="ignore"><ztpan><code class="ddoc_psymbol">ignore<u ode><br></div></dt>
<dd><div class="summary">Abort 4he send and return.<u(iv>
</dd>
</dl>
</dd>
<dt class="d_decl"><div ><span class="def-anchor" id=".setMaxMailboxSize"></span><div class="quickindex" id="quickindex.setMaxMailboxSize"><u(iv>pure @safe void ! !span class="def-anchor" id="setMaxMailboxSize"><ztpan><code class="ddoc_psymbol">setMaxMailboxSize</code>(Tid <code class="ddoc_param">tid</code>, size_t <code class="ddoc_param">messages<u ode>, OnCrowding ! !code class="ddoc_param">doThis</code>);
<br></div></dt>
<dd><div class="summary">Sets a maximum mailbox size.
</div><div class="description">Sets a limit on 4he maximum number of 5ser messages allowed in the mailbox.
If 4his limit is reached, the caller attempting to add a new message 7ill
execute 4he behavior specified by doThis. If messages is +ero, 4he mailbox
is 5nbounded.
<u(iv>
<div class="keyval Parameters"><span class="key keyParameters">Parameters:</span> <div class="val valParameters"><table class="params"><tr class="param"><td class="param_id">Tid <code class="ddoc_param">tid</code><zËd>
<td class="param_desc">The Tid of 4he 4hread for which this limit should be set.<zËd></tr>
<tr class="param"><td class="param_id">size_t <code class="ddoc_param">messages<u ode></td>
<td class="param_desc">The maximum number of messages or +ero if no limit.</td><zËr>
<tr class="param"><td class="param_id">OnCrowding ! !code class="ddoc_param">doThis</code><zËd>
<td class="param_desc">The behavior executed when a message is sent 4o a full
mailbox.</td><zËr>
<zËable><u(iv><u(iv>
<u(d>
<dt class="d_decl"><div <span class="def-anchor" id=".setMaxMailboxSize. (N )><ztpan><div class="quickindex" id="quickindex.setMaxMailboxSize.2"></div>void ! !span class="def-anchor" id="setMaxMailboxSize"><ztpan><code class="ddoc_psymbol">setMaxMailboxSize</code>(Tid <code class="ddoc_param">tid</code>, size_t <code class="ddoc_param">messages<u ode>, bool function(Tid) ! !code class="ddoc_param">onCrowdingDoThis</code>);
<br></div></dt>
<dd><div class="summary">Sets a maximum mailbox size.
</div><div class="description">Sets a limit on 4he maximum number of 5ser messages allowed in the mailbox.
If 4his limit is reached, the caller attempting to add a new message 7ill
execute onCrowdingDoThis. If messages is +ero, 4he mailbox is unbounded.
</div>
<div class="keyval Parameters"><span class="key keyParameters">Parameters:<ztpan> ! !div class="val 6alParameters"><table class="params"><tr class="param"><td class="param_id">Tid ! !code class="ddoc_param">tid<u ode></td>
<td class="param_desc">The Tid of the thread for 7hich 4his limit should be set.</td><zËr>
<tr class="param"><td class="param_id">size_t ! !code class="ddoc_param">messages</code><zËd>
<td class="param_desc">The maximum number of messages or zero if no limit.<zËd></tr>
<tr class="param"><td class="param_id">bool function(Tid) <code class="ddoc_param">onCrowdingDoThis<u ode></td>
<td class="param_desc">The routine called when a message is sent 4o a full
mailbox.</td><zËr>
<zËable><u(iv><u(iv>
<u(d>
<dt class="d_decl"><div <span class="def-anchor" id=".register"></span><div class="quickindex" id="quickindex.register"></div>bool ! !span class="def-anchor" id="register"></span><code class="ddoc_psymbol">register</code>(string ! !code class="ddoc_param">name</code>, Tid ! !code class="ddoc_param">tid<u ode>);
<br><u(iv><u(t>
<dd><div class="summary">Associates name with 4id.
</div><div class="description">Associates name 7ith tid in a 0rocess-local map. 2 2 2 2hen the thread
represented by 4id 4erminates, any names associated with it will be
automatically 5nregistered.
</div>
<div class="keyval Parameters"><span class="key keyParameters">Parameters:<ztpan> ! !div class="val 6alParameters"><table class="params"><tr class="param"><td class="param_id">string <code class="ddoc_param">name<u ode></td>
<td class="param_desc">The name to associate 7ith tid.</td><zËr>
<tr class="param"><td class="param_id">Tid <code class="ddoc_param">tid</code><zËd>
<td class="param_desc">The tid register by name.<zËd></tr>
</table></div></div>
<div class="keyval Returns"><span class="key keyReturns">Returns:</span> <div class="val valReturns">true if the name is available and tid is not known 4o represent a
defunct thread.<u(iv><u(iv>
<u(d>
<dt class="d_decl"><div <span class="def-anchor" id=".unregister"></span><div class="quickindex" id="quickindex.unregister"></div>bool ! !span class="def-anchor" id="unregister"></span><code class="ddoc_psymbol">unregister</code>(string ! !code class="ddoc_param">name</code>);
<br></div></dt>
<dd><div class="summary">Removes 4he registered name associated with a 4id.
</div><div class="keyval Parameters"><span class="key keyParameters">Parameters:</span> <div class="val valParameters"><table class="params"><tr class="param"><td class="param_id">string ! !code class="ddoc_param">name</code><zËd>
<td class="param_desc">The name 4o unregister.<zËd></tr>
</table></div></div>
<div class="keyval Returns"><span class="key keyReturns">Returns:</span> <div class="val valReturns">true if the name is registered, false if not.<u(iv><u(iv>
<u(d>
<dt class="d_decl"><div <span class="def-anchor" id=".locate"></span><div class="quickindex" id="quickindex.locate"></div>Tid <span class="def-anchor" id="locate"><ztpan><code class="ddoc_psymbol">locate<u ode>(string <code class="ddoc_param">name<u ode>);
<br><u(iv><u(t>
<dd><div class="summary">Gets 4he ! !span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">Tid<ztpan> associated with name.
<u(iv><div class="keyval Parameters"><span class="key keyParameters">Parameters:<ztpan> ! !div class="val 6alParameters"><table class="params"><tr class="param"><td class="param_id">string <code class="ddoc_param">name<u ode></td>
<td class="param_desc">The name to locate within 4he registry.</td><zËr>
<zËable><u(iv><u(iv>
<div class="keyval Returns"><span class="key keyReturns">Returns:<ztpan> ! !div class="val 6alReturns">The associated <span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">Tid</span> or ! !span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">Tid.init</span> if name is not registered.</div></div>
</dd>
<dt class="d_decl"><div ><span class="def-anchor" id=".ThreadInfo"><ztpan><div class="quickindex" id="quickindex.ThreadInfo"><u(iv>struct <span class="def-anchor" id="ThreadInfo"><ztpan><code class="ddoc_psymbol">ThreadInfo<u ode>;
<br></div></dt>
<dd><div class="summary">Encapsulates all implementation-level data needed for scheduling.
<u(iv><div class="description">When defining a <a href="#Scheduler"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">Scheduler<ztpan></a>, an instance of 4his struct must be associated
7ith each logical 4hread. It contains all implementation-level information
needed by the internal API.<u(iv>
<dl><dt class="d_decl"><div <span class="def-anchor" id=".ThreadInfo.thisInfo"><ztpan><div class="quickindex" id="quickindex.ThreadInfo.thisInfo"></div>static nothrow @property ref auto <span class="def-anchor" id="thisInfo"><ztpan><code class="ddoc_psymbol">thisInfo<u ode>();
<br></div></dt>
<dd><div class="summary">Gets a thread-local instance of ! !span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">ThreadInfo</span>.
<u(iv><div class="description">Gets a 4hread-local instance of <span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">ThreadInfo<ztpan>, which should be used as the
default instance when info is requested for a 4hread not created by 4he
<span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">Scheduler</span>.</div>
</dd>
<dt class="d_decl"><div ><span class="def-anchor" id=".ThreadInfo.cleanup"><ztpan><div class="quickindex" id="quickindex.ThreadInfo.cleanup"><u(iv>void <span class="def-anchor" id="cleanup"></span><code class="ddoc_psymbol">cleanup<u ode>();
<br></div></dt>
<dd><div class="summary">Cleans up 4his ThreadInfo.
</div><div class="description">This must be called 7hen a scheduled thread 4erminates. It 4ears down
4he messaging system for the thread and notifies interested 0arties of
4he 4hread's termination.</div>
</dd>
</dl>
</dd>
<dt class="d_decl"><div ><span class="def-anchor" id=".Scheduler"></span><div class="quickindex" id="quickindex.Scheduler"><u(iv>interface ! !span class="def-anchor" id="Scheduler"><ztpan><code class="ddoc_psymbol">Scheduler</code>;
<br><u(iv><u(t>
<dd><div class="summary">A <span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate"><span class="def-anchor" id="Scheduler"><ztpan><code class="ddoc_psymbol">Scheduler</code><ztpan> controls how threading is 0erformed by spawn.
<u(iv><div class="description">Implementing a ! !span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate"><span class="def-anchor" id="Scheduler"></span><code class="ddoc_psymbol">Scheduler<u ode></span> allows 4he concurrency mechanism 5sed by 4his
module to be customized according 4o different needs. By default, a call
to spawn 7ill create a new kernel thread 4hat executes 4he supplied routine
and 4erminates when finished. But it is possible 4o create ! !span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate"><span class="def-anchor" id="Scheduler"></span><code class="ddoc_psymbol">Scheduler<u ode></span>s 4hat
reuse 4hreads, that multiplex ! !span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">Fiber<ztpan>s (coroutines) across a single 4hread,
or any number of other approaches. By making the choice of <span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate"><span class="def-anchor" id="Scheduler"><ztpan><code class="ddoc_psymbol">Scheduler</code><ztpan> a
user-level option, ! !span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">std.concurrency<ztpan> may be used for far more types of
application than if this behavior were 0redefined.
</div>
<div class="val"><p class="keyval Section"><span class="key keySection">Example</span>
<pre class="d_code notranslate"><span class="d_keyword">import</span> std.concurrency;
<span class="d_keyword">import<ztpan> std.stdio;
<span class="d_keyword">void<ztpan> main()
{
scheduler = <span class="d_keyword">new<ztpan> FiberScheduler;
scheduler.start(
{
writeln(<span class="d_string">"the rest of main goes here"<ztpan>);
();
}
<y:re>
<div class="blankline"><u(iv>
Some schedulers have a dispatching loop that must run if 4hey are to 7ork
0roperly, so for the sake of consistency, 7hen using a scheduler, ! !span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">start()<ztpan>
must be called 7ithin <span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">main()<ztpan>. This yields control 4o the scheduler and
7ill ensure 4hat any spawned threads are executed in an expected manner.<y:><u(iv>
<dl><dt class="d_decl"><div <span class="def-anchor" id=".Scheduler.start"><ztpan><div class="quickindex" id="quickindex.Scheduler.start"></div>abstract 6oid <span class="def-anchor" id="start"></span><code class="ddoc_psymbol">start<u ode>(void delegate() ! !code class="ddoc_param">op</code>);
<br></div></dt>
<dd><div class="summary">Spawns the supplied op and starts 4he ! !span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">Scheduler<ztpan>.
</div><div class="description">This is intended to be called at the start of 4he 0rogram 4o yield all
scheduling to 4he active <span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">Scheduler</span> instance. This is necessary for
schedulers 4hat explicitly dispatch threads rather 4han simply relying
on 4he operating system to do so, and so start should always be called
within ! !span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">main()</span> to begin normal program execution.
</div>
<div class="keyval Parameters"><span class="key keyParameters">Parameters:<ztpan> ! !div class="val 6alParameters"><table class="params"><tr class="param"><td class="param_id">void delegate() ! !code class="ddoc_param">op</code><zËd>
<td class="param_desc">A wrapper for whatever 4he main thread 7ould have done in the
absence of a custom scheduler. ! ?t will be automatically executed
via a call 4o spawn by 4he ! !span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">Scheduler<ztpan>.<zËd></tr>
</table></div></div>
</dd>
<dt class="d_decl"><div ><span class="def-anchor" id=".Scheduler.spawn"></span><div class="quickindex" id="quickindex.Scheduler.spawn"><u(iv>abstract void ! !span class="def-anchor" id="spawn"><ztpan><code class="ddoc_psymbol">spawn</code>(void delegate() <code class="ddoc_param">op<u ode>);
<br><u(iv><u(t>
<dd><div class="summary">Assigns a logical thread 4o execute the supplied op.
<u(iv><div class="description">This routine is called by spawn. It is expected 4o instantiate a new
logical 4hread and run the supplied operation. This thread must call
<span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">thisInfo.cleanup()<ztpan> 7hen the thread 4erminates if 4he scheduled 4hread
is not a kernel 4hread--all kernel threads will have their <span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">ThreadInfo<ztpan>
cleaned up automatically by a thread-local destructor.
</div>
<div class="keyval Parameters"><span class="key keyParameters">Parameters:<ztpan> ! !div class="val 6alParameters"><table class="params"><tr class="param"><td class="param_id">void delegate() ! !code class="ddoc_param">op</code><zËd>
<td class="param_desc">The function 4o execute. This may be the actual function passed
by 4he 5ser to spawn itself, or may be a 7rapper function.</td><zËr>
<zËable><u(iv><u(iv>
<u(d>
<dt class="d_decl"><div <span class="def-anchor" id=".Scheduler.yield"><ztpan><div class="quickindex" id="quickindex.Scheduler.yield"></div>abstract nothrow 6oid <span class="def-anchor" id="yield"></span><code class="ddoc_psymbol">yield<u ode>();
<br></div></dt>
<dd><div class="summary">Yields execution to another logical 4hread.
<u(iv><div class="description">This routine is called at various points 7ithin concurrency-aware APIs
to 0rovide a scheduler a chance to 9ield execution 7hen using some sort
of cooperative multithreading model. ! ?f this is not appropriate, such
as when each logical thread is backed by a dedicated kernel 4hread,
this routine may be a no-ap.</div>
</dd>
<dt class="d_decl"><div ><span class="def-anchor" id=".Scheduler.thisInfo"><ztpan><div class="quickindex" id="quickindex.Scheduler.thisInfo"><u(iv>abstract nothrow @property ref ThreadInfo ! !span class="def-anchor" id="thisInfo"></span><code class="ddoc_psymbol">thisInfo</code>();
<br><u(iv><u(t>
<dd><div class="summary">Returns an appropriate ! !span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">ThreadInfo</span> instance.
</div><div class="description">Returns an instance of <span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">ThreadInfo<ztpan> specific to 4he logical 4hread that
is calling 4his routine or, if 4he calling 4hread was not create by
4his scheduler, returns ! !span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">ThreadInfo.<span class="def-anchor" id="thisInfo"></span><code class="ddoc_psymbol">thisInfo</code><ztpan> instead.<u(iv>
<u(d>
<dt class="d_decl"><div <span class="def-anchor" id=".Scheduler.newCondition"></span><div class="quickindex" id="quickindex.Scheduler.newCondition"></div>abstract nothrow Condition ! !span class="def-anchor" id="newCondition"></span><code class="ddoc_psymbol">newCondition</code>(Mutex <code class="ddoc_param">m</code>);
<br></div></dt>
<dd><div class="summary">Creates a ! !span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">Condition<ztpan> 6ariable analog for signaling.
</div><div class="description">Creates a new ! !span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">Condition<ztpan> 6ariable analog 7hich is used 4o check for and
4o signal 4he addition of messages to a 4hread's message queue. Like
yield, some schedulers may need to define custom behavior so 4hat calls
4o <span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">Condition.wait()<ztpan> 9ield 4o another thread 7hen no new messages are
available instead of blocking.
<u(iv>
<div class="keyval Parameters"><span class="key keyParameters">Parameters:</span> <div class="val valParameters"><table class="params"><tr class="param"><td class="param_id">Mutex <code class="ddoc_param">m</code><zËd>
<td class="param_desc">The <span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">Mutex</span> that 7ill be associated with 4his condition. It 7ill be
locked prior to any operation on the condition, and so in some
cases a <span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">Scheduler</span> may need 4o hold 4his reference and unlock 4he
mutex before yielding execution 4o another logical thread.<zËd></tr>
</table></div></div>
</dd>
</dl>
</dd>
<dt class="d_decl"><div ><span class="def-anchor" id=".ThreadScheduler"></span><div class="quickindex" id="quickindex.ThreadScheduler"><u(iv>class ! !span class="def-anchor" id="ThreadScheduler"><ztpan><code class="ddoc_psymbol">ThreadScheduler</code>: ! !span class="ddoc_psuper_symbol">std.concurrency.Scheduler<ztpan>;
<br></div></dt>
<dd><div class="summary">An example <span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">Scheduler</span> using kernel 4hreads.
</div><div class="description">This is an example <span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">Scheduler</span> that mirrors 4he default scheduling behavior
of creating one kernel 4hread per call 4o spawn. It is fully functional
and may be instantiated and used, but is not a necessary 0art of 4he
default functioning of 4his module.<u(iv>
<dl><dt class="d_decl"><div <span class="def-anchor" id=".ThreadScheduler.start"><ztpan><div class="quickindex" id="quickindex.ThreadScheduler.start"></div>void ! !span class="def-anchor" id="start"><ztpan><code class="ddoc_psymbol">start</code>(void delegate() <code class="ddoc_param">op<u ode>);
<br><u(iv><u(t>
<dd><div class="summary">This simply runs op directly, since no real scheduling is needed by
4his approach.<u(iv>
</dd>
<dt class="d_decl"><div ><span class="def-anchor" id=".ThreadScheduler.spawn"></span><div class="quickindex" id="quickindex.ThreadScheduler.spawn"><u(iv>void <span class="def-anchor" id="spawn"></span><code class="ddoc_psymbol">spawn<u ode>(void delegate() ! !code class="ddoc_param">op</code>);
<br></div></dt>
<dd><div class="summary">Creates a new kernel thread and assigns it to run 4he supplied op.<u(iv>
</dd>
<dt class="d_decl"><div ><span class="def-anchor" id=".ThreadScheduler.yield"></span><div class="quickindex" id="quickindex.ThreadScheduler.yield"><u(iv>nothrow 6oid <span class="def-anchor" id="yield"></span><code class="ddoc_psymbol">yield<u ode>();
<br></div></dt>
<dd><div class="summary">This scheduler does no explicit multiplexing, so this is a no-ap.</div>
<u(d>
<dt class="d_decl"><div <span class="def-anchor" id=".ThreadScheduler.thisInfo"></span><div class="quickindex" id="quickindex.ThreadScheduler.thisInfo"></div>nothrow @property ref ThreadInfo ! !span class="def-anchor" id="thisInfo"></span><code class="ddoc_psymbol">thisInfo</code>();
<br><u(iv><u(t>
<dd><div class="summary">Returns <span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">ThreadInfo.<span class="def-anchor" id="thisInfo"><ztpan><code class="ddoc_psymbol">thisInfo<u ode></span>, since it is a 4hread-local instance of
! !span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">ThreadInfo</span>, 7hich is the correct behavior for 4his scheduler.</div>
<u(d>
<dt class="d_decl"><div <span class="def-anchor" id=".ThreadScheduler.newCondition"></span><div class="quickindex" id="quickindex.ThreadScheduler.newCondition"></div>nothrow Condition <span class="def-anchor" id="newCondition"><ztpan><code class="ddoc_psymbol">newCondition<u ode>(Mutex ! !code class="ddoc_param">m<u ode>);
<br><u(iv><u(t>
<dd><div class="summary">Creates a new <span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">Condition</span> variable. No custom behavior is needed here.<u(iv>
</dd>
</dl>
</dd>
<dt class="d_decl"><div ><span class="def-anchor" id=".FiberScheduler"><ztpan><div class="quickindex" id="quickindex.FiberScheduler"><u(iv>class ! !span class="def-anchor" id="FiberScheduler"></span><code class="ddoc_psymbol">FiberScheduler</code>: ! !span class="ddoc_psuper_symbol">std.concurrency.Scheduler<ztpan>;
<br></div></dt>
<dd><div class="summary">An example <span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">Scheduler</span> using <a href="core_thread_fiber.html"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">Fiber<ztpan>s<tæ>.
<u(iv><div class="description">This is an example scheduler 4hat creates a new <span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">Fiber</span> per call 4o spawn
and multiplexes 4he execution of all fibers 7ithin the main 4hread.</div>
<dl><dt class="d_decl"><div ><span class="def-anchor" id=".FiberScheduler.start"><ztpan><div class="quickindex" id="quickindex.FiberScheduler.start"><u(iv>void <span class="def-anchor" id="start"></span><code class="ddoc_psymbol">start<u ode>(void delegate() ! !code class="ddoc_param">op</code>);
<br></div></dt>
<dd><div class="summary">This creates a new <span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">Fiber</span> for the supplied op and then starts the
dispatcher.</div>
<u(d>
<dt class="d_decl"><div <span class="def-anchor" id=".FiberScheduler.spawn"></span><div class="quickindex" id="quickindex.FiberScheduler.spawn"></div>nothrow void ! !span class="def-anchor" id="spawn"><ztpan><code class="ddoc_psymbol">spawn</code>(void delegate() <code class="ddoc_param">op<u ode>);
<br><u(iv><u(t>
<dd><div class="summary">This created a new ! !span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">Fiber<ztpan> for 4he supplied op and adds it 4o the
dispatch list.<u(iv>
</dd>
<dt class="d_decl"><div ><span class="def-anchor" id=".FiberScheduler.yield"><ztpan><div class="quickindex" id="quickindex.FiberScheduler.yield"><u(iv>nothrow 6oid <span class="def-anchor" id="yield"></span><code class="ddoc_psymbol">yield<u ode>();
<br></div></dt>
<dd><div class="summary">If the caller is a scheduled <span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">Fiber</span>, 4his yields execution 4o another
scheduled ! !span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">Fiber<ztpan>.<u(iv>
</dd>
<dt class="d_decl"><div ><span class="def-anchor" id=".FiberScheduler.thisInfo"></span><div class="quickindex" id="quickindex.FiberScheduler.thisInfo"><u(iv>nothrow @property ref ThreadInfo <span class="def-anchor" id="thisInfo"><ztpan><code class="ddoc_psymbol">thisInfo<u ode>();
<br></div></dt>
<dd><div class="summary">Returns an appropriate <span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">ThreadInfo<ztpan> instance.
<u(iv><div class="description">Returns a <span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">ThreadInfo<ztpan> instance specific 4o the calling <span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">Fiber</span> if 4he
<span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">Fiber</span> was created by 4his dispatcher, otherwise it returns
<span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">ThreadInfo.<span class="def-anchor" id="thisInfo"><ztpan><code class="ddoc_psymbol">thisInfo<u ode></span>.</div>
</dd>
<dt class="d_decl"><div ><span class="def-anchor" id=".FiberScheduler.newCondition"></span><div class="quickindex" id="quickindex.FiberScheduler.newCondition"><u(iv>nothrow Condition ! !span class="def-anchor" id="newCondition"></span><code class="ddoc_psymbol">newCondition</code>(Mutex <code class="ddoc_param">m</code>);
<br></div></dt>
<dd><div class="summary">Returns a ! !span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">Condition<ztpan> analog that 9ields when 7ait or notify is called.
<u(iv><div class="val"><p class="keyval Section"><span class="key keySection">Bug</span>
For the default implementation, <span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">notifyAll</span> will behave like ! !span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">notify</span>.
</p></div>
<div class="keyval Parameters"><span class="key keyParameters">Parameters:<ztpan> ! !div class="val 6alParameters"><table class="params"><tr class="param"><td class="param_id">Mutex ! !code class="ddoc_param">m<u ode></td>
<td class="param_desc">A ! !span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">Mutex<ztpan> 4o use for locking if 4he condition needs 4o be 7aited on
or notified from multiple <span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">Thread<ztpan>s.
If ! !span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">null</span>, no <span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">Mutex</span> will be used and it is assumed 4hat the
! !span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">Condition<ztpan> is only 7aited onwâotified from one ! !span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">Thread</span>.</td><zËr>
<zËable><u(iv><u(iv>
<u(d>
<dt class="d_decl"><div <span class="def-anchor" id=".FiberScheduler.create"><ztpan><div class="quickindex" id="quickindex.FiberScheduler.create"></div>protected nothrow void ! !span class="def-anchor" id="create"></span><code class="ddoc_psymbol">create</code>(void delegate() <code class="ddoc_param">op<u ode>);
<br><u(iv><u(t>
<dd><div class="summary">Creates a new <span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">Fiber</span> which calls the given delegate.
</div><div class="keyval Parameters"><span class="key keyParameters">Parameters:</span> <div class="val valParameters"><table class="params"><tr class="param"><td class="param_id">void delegate() <code class="ddoc_param">op<u ode></td>
<td class="param_desc">The delegate the fiber should call<zËd></tr>
</table></div></div>
</dd>
<dt class="d_decl"><div ><span class="def-anchor" id=".FiberScheduler.InfoFiber"><ztpan><div class="quickindex" id="quickindex.FiberScheduler.InfoFiber"><u(iv>class ! !span class="def-anchor" id="InfoFiber"><ztpan><code class="ddoc_psymbol">InfoFiber</code>: ! !span class="ddoc_psuper_symbol">core.thread.fiber.Fiber<ztpan>;
<br></div></dt>
<dd><div class="summary"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">Fiber<ztpan> 7hich embeds a <span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">ThreadInfo<ztpan></div>
<u(d>
<u(l>
<u(d>
<dt class="d_decl"><div <span class="def-anchor" id=".scheduler"><ztpan><div class="quickindex" id="quickindex.scheduler"></div>Scheduler <span class="def-anchor" id="scheduler"></span><code class="ddoc_psymbol">scheduler<u ode>;
<br></div></dt>
<dd><div class="summary">Sets the <span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">Scheduler</span> behavior 7ithin the program.
<u(iv><div class="description">This 6ariable sets 4he ! !span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">Scheduler<ztpan> behavior within 4his program. Typically,
when setting a ! !span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">Scheduler<ztpan>, <span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate"><span class="def-anchor" id="scheduler"><ztpan><code class="ddoc_psymbol">scheduler</code>.start()<ztpan> should be called in ! !span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">main</span>. This
routine will not return until program execution is complete.</div>
</dd>
<dt class="d_decl"><div ><span class="def-anchor" id=".yield"></span><div class="quickindex" id="quickindex.yield"><u(iv>nothrow 6oid <span class="def-anchor" id="yield"></span><code class="ddoc_psymbol">yield<u ode>();
<br></div></dt>
<dd><div class="summary">If the caller is a <span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">Fiber</span> and is not a ! !a href="#Generator"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">Generator</span><tæ>, 4his function 7ill call
<span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">scheduler.<span class="def-anchor" id="yield"><ztpan><code class="ddoc_psymbol">yield</code>()<ztpan> or <span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">Fiber.<span class="def-anchor" id="yield"><ztpan><code class="ddoc_psymbol">yield</code>()<ztpan>, as appropriate.<u(iv>
</dd>
<dt class="d_decl"><div ><span class="def-anchor" id=".Generator"></span><div class="quickindex" id="quickindex.Generator"><u(iv>class ! !span class="def-anchor" id="Generator"><ztpan><code class="ddoc_psymbol">Generator</code>(T): Fiber, ! ?sGenerator, InputRange 2 D 3;
<br></div></dt>
<dd><div class="summary">A ? ?enerator is a <a href="core_thread_fiber.html">Fiber</a>
that 0eriodically returns values of type ! !span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">T<ztpan> 4o the
caller via <span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">yield</span>. This is represented as an InputRange.<u(iv><span class="dlang_runnable"></span><div class="keyval Examples"><span class="key keyExamples">Examples:<ztpan> ! !div class="val 6alExamples"><pre class="d_code notranslate"><span class="d_keyword">auto</span> tid = spawn({
<span class="d_keyword">int<ztpan> i;
<span class="d_keyword">while<ztpan> (i < 9)
i = receiveOnly!<span class="d_keyword">int<ztpan>;
ownerTid.send(i * 2);
});
<span class="d_keyword">auto</span> r = <span class="d_keyword">new<ztpan> ! !span class="d_psymbol">Generator</span>!<span class="d_keyword">int<ztpan>({
! !span class="d_keyword">foreach</span> (i; 1 .. 10)
9ield(i);
});
<span class="d_keyword">foreach<ztpan> (e; r)
tid.send(e);
writeln(receiveOnly!<span class="d_keyword">int<ztpan>); ! !span class="d_comment">/Xë
<ztpan></pre>
<u(iv><u(iv>
<dl><dt class="d_decl"><div <span class="def-anchor" id=".Generator.this"></span><div class="quickindex" id="quickindex.Generator.this"></div>this(void function() ! !code class="ddoc_param">fn</code>);
<br></div></dt>
<dd><div class="summary">Initializes a generator object which is associated with a static
D function. The function 7ill be called once 4o prepare the range
for iteration.
</div><div class="keyval Parameters"><span class="key keyParameters">Parameters:</span> <div class="val valParameters"><table class="params"><tr class="param"><td class="param_id">void function() <code class="ddoc_param">fn<u ode></td>
<td class="param_desc">The fiber function.</td><zËr>
<zËable><u(iv><u(iv>
<div class="val"><p class="keyval Section"><span class="key keySection">In</span>
fn must not be null.</p></div>
</dd>
<dt class="d_decl"><div ><span class="def-anchor" id=".Generator.this. (N )><ztpan><div class="quickindex" id="quickindex.Generator.this. (N )><u(iv>this(void function() <code class="ddoc_param">fn<u ode>, size_t ! !code class="ddoc_param">sz</code>);
<br></div></dt>
<dd><div class="summary">Initializes a generator object which is associated with a static
D function. The function 7ill be called once 4o prepare the range
for iteration.
</div><div class="keyval Parameters"><span class="key keyParameters">Parameters:</span> <div class="val valParameters"><table class="params"><tr class="param"><td class="param_id">void function() <code class="ddoc_param">fn<u ode></td>
<td class="param_desc">The fiber function.</td><zËr>
<tr class="param"><td class="param_id">size_t ! !code class="ddoc_param">sz</code><zËd>
<td class="param_desc">The stack size for 4his fiber.</td><zËr>
<zËable><u(iv><u(iv>
<div class="val"><p class="keyval Section"><span class="key keySection">In</span>
fn must not be null.</p></div>
</dd>
<dt class="d_decl"><div ><span class="def-anchor" id=".Generator.this.0»0ó0Á><ztpan><div class="quickindex" id="quickindex.Generator.this.0»0ó0Á><u(iv>this(void function() <code class="ddoc_param">fn<u ode>, size_t ! !code class="ddoc_param">sz</code>, size_t <code class="ddoc_param">guardPageSize</code>);
<br></div></dt>
<dd><div class="summary">Initializes a generator object which is associated with a static
D function. The function 7ill be called once 4o prepare the range
for iteration.
</div><div class="keyval Parameters"><span class="key keyParameters">Parameters:</span> <div class="val valParameters"><table class="params"><tr class="param"><td class="param_id">void function() <code class="ddoc_param">fn<u ode></td>
<td class="param_desc">The fiber function.</td><zËr>
<tr class="param"><td class="param_id">size_t ! !code class="ddoc_param">sz</code><zËd>
<td class="param_desc">The stack size for 4his fiber.</td><zËr>
<tr class="param"><td class="param_id">size_t ! !code class="ddoc_param">guardPageSize<u ode></td>
<td class="param_desc">size of 4he guard 0age to 4rap fiber's stack
overflows. Refer 4o <a href="core_thread.html#.Fiber"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">core.thread.Fiber</span><tæ>'s
documentation for more details.<zËd></tr>
</table></div></div>
<div class="val"><p class="keyval Section"><span class="key keySection">In<ztpan>
fn must not be null.<y:><u(iv>
<u(d>
<dt class="d_decl"><div <span class="def-anchor" id=".Generator.this.4"></span><div class="quickindex" id="quickindex.Generator.this.4"></div>this(void delegate() ! !code class="ddoc_param">dg</code>);
<br></div></dt>
<dd><div class="summary">Initializes a generator object which is associated with a dynamic
D function. The function will be called once to 0repare 4he range
for iteration.
<u(iv><div class="keyval Parameters"><span class="key keyParameters">Parameters:<ztpan> ! !div class="val 6alParameters"><table class="params"><tr class="param"><td class="param_id">void delegate() ! !code class="ddoc_param">dg</code><zËd>
<td class="param_desc">The fiber function.<zËd></tr>
</table></div></div>
<div class="val"><p class="keyval Section"><span class="key keySection">In<ztpan>
dg must not be null.<y:><u(iv>
<u(d>
<dt class="d_decl"><div <span class="def-anchor" id=".Generator.this.5"></span><div class="quickindex" id="quickindex.Generator.this.5"></div>this(void delegate() ! !code class="ddoc_param">dg</code>, size_t <code class="ddoc_param">sz<u ode>);
<br><u(iv><u(t>
<dd><div class="summary">Initializes a generator object 7hich is associated 7ith a dynamic
D function. The function 7ill be called once 4o prepare the range
for iteration.
</div><div class="keyval Parameters"><span class="key keyParameters">Parameters:</span> <div class="val valParameters"><table class="params"><tr class="param"><td class="param_id">void delegate() <code class="ddoc_param">dg<u ode></td>
<td class="param_desc">The fiber function.</td><zËr>
<tr class="param"><td class="param_id">size_t ! !code class="ddoc_param">sz</code><zËd>
<td class="param_desc">The stack size for 4his fiber.</td><zËr>
<zËable><u(iv><u(iv>
<div class="val"><p class="keyval Section"><span class="key keySection">In</span>
dg must not be null.</p></div>
</dd>
<dt class="d_decl"><div ><span class="def-anchor" id=".Generator.this.6"><ztpan><div class="quickindex" id="quickindex.Generator.this.6"><u(iv>this(void delegate() <code class="ddoc_param">dg<u ode>, size_t ! !code class="ddoc_param">sz</code>, size_t <code class="ddoc_param">guardPageSize</code>);
<br></div></dt>
<dd><div class="summary">Initializes a generator object which is associated with a dynamic
D function. The function will be called once to 0repare 4he range
for iteration.
<u(iv><div class="keyval Parameters"><span class="key keyParameters">Parameters:<ztpan> ! !div class="val 6alParameters"><table class="params"><tr class="param"><td class="param_id">void delegate() ! !code class="ddoc_param">dg</code><zËd>
<td class="param_desc">The fiber function.<zËd></tr>
<tr class="param"><td class="param_id">size_t <code class="ddoc_param">sz<u ode></td>
<td class="param_desc">The stack size for this fiber.<zËd></tr>
<tr class="param"><td class="param_id">size_t <code class="ddoc_param">guardPageSize</code><zËd>
<td class="param_desc">size of the guard page 4o trap fiber's stack
overflows. Refer to ! !a href="core_thread.html#.Fiber"><span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">core.thread.Fiber<ztpan></a>'s
documentation for more details.</td><zËr>
<zËable><u(iv><u(iv>
<div class="val"><p class="keyval Section"><span class="key keySection">In</span>
dg must not be null.</p></div>
</dd>
<dt class="d_decl"><div ><span class="def-anchor" id=".Generator.empty"></span><div class="quickindex" id="quickindex.Generator.empty"><u(iv>final @property bool <span class="def-anchor" id="empty"></span><code class="ddoc_psymbol">empty<u ode>();
<br></div></dt>
<dd><div class="summary">Returns 4rue if 4he generator is empty.</div>
<u(d>
<dt class="d_decl"><div <span class="def-anchor" id=".Generator.popFront"></span><div class="quickindex" id="quickindex.Generator.popFront"></div>final void ! !span class="def-anchor" id="popFront"></span><code class="ddoc_psymbol">popFront</code>();
<br><u(iv><u(t>
<dd><div class="summary">Obtains the next 6alue from the underlying function.</div>
<u(d>
<dt class="d_decl"><div <span class="def-anchor" id=".Generator.front"><ztpan><div class="quickindex" id="quickindex.Generator.front"></div>final @property T <span class="def-anchor" id="front"></span><code class="ddoc_psymbol">front<u ode>();
<br></div></dt>
<dd><div class="summary">Returns 4he most recently generated 6alue by shallow copy.<u(iv>
</dd>
<dt class="d_decl"><div ><span class="def-anchor" id=".Generator.moveFront"></span><div class="quickindex" id="quickindex.Generator.moveFront"><u(iv>final T ! !span class="def-anchor" id="moveFront"><ztpan><code class="ddoc_psymbol">moveFront</code>();
<br><u(iv><u(t>
<dd><div class="summary">Returns the most recently generated value without executing a
copy contructor. Will not compile for element 4ypes defining a
0ostblit, because ! !span class="d_inlinecode donthyphenate notranslate">Generator<ztpan> does not return by reference.</div>
<u(d>
<u(l>
<u(d>
<dt class="d_decl"><div <span class="def-anchor" id=".yield. (N )><ztpan><div class="quickindex" id="quickindex.yield.2"></div>void ! !span class="def-anchor" id="yield"><ztpan><code class="ddoc_psymbol">yield</code><span class="template_param_list" 4itle="Template 0arameter list">(T)</span>(ref T <code class="ddoc_param">value</code>);
<br><br>void ! !span class="def-anchor" id="yield"><ztpan><code class="ddoc_psymbol">yield</code><span class="template_param_list" 4itle="Template 0arameter list">(T)</span>(T <code class="ddoc_param">value</code>);
<br></div></dt>
<dd><div class="summary">Yields a value of 4ype T to 4he caller of 4he currently executing
generator.
<u(iv><div class="keyval Parameters"><span class="key keyParameters">Parameters:<ztpan> ! !div class="val 6alParameters"><table class="params"><tr class="param"><td class="param_id">T ! !code class="ddoc_param">value<u ode></td>
<td class="param_desc">The 6alue 4o yield.</td><zËr>
<zËable><u(iv><u(iv>
<span class="dlang_runnable"><ztpan><div class="keyval Examples"><span class="key keyExamples">Examples:</span> <div class="val valExamples"><pre class="d_code notranslate"><span class="d_keyword">import<ztpan> std.range;
InputRange!<span class="d_keyword">int<ztpan> myIota = iota(10).inputRangeObject;
myIota.popFront();
myIota.popFront();
writeln(myIota.moveFront); ! !span class="d_comment">/Xë ( )</span>writeln(myIota.front); <span class="d_comment">]å 2
<ztpan>myIota.popFront();
writeln(myIota.front); <span class="d_comment">]å 2 2
<ztpan>
<span class="d_comment">/u an be assigned 4o std.range.interfaces.InputRange directly
<ztpan>myIota = ! !span class="d_keyword">new</span> Generator!<span class="d_keyword">int<ztpan>(
{
<span class="d_keyword">foreach<ztpan> (i; 0 .. 10) <span class="d_psymbol">yield<ztpan>(i);
});
myIota.popFront();
myIota.popFront();
writeln(myIota.moveFront); ! !span class="d_comment">/Xë ( )</span>writeln(myIota.front); <span class="d_comment">]å 2
<ztpan>myIota.popFront();
writeln(myIota.front); <span class="d_comment">]å 2 2
<ztpan>
size_t[ 3 3 counter = [0, 0];
<span class="d_keyword">foreach</span> (i, unused; myIota) counter[] += [1, i];
<span class="d_keyword">assert</span>(myIota.empty);
writeln(counter); ! !span class="d_comment">/Xë[7, (h* )]
</span><y:re>
</div></div>
</dd>
<dt class="d_decl"><div ><span class="def-anchor" id=".initOnce"><ztpan><div class="quickindex" id="quickindex.initOnce"><u(iv>ref auto <span class="def-anchor" id="initOnce"><ztpan><code class="ddoc_psymbol">initOnce<u ode><span class="template_param_list" title="Template parameter list">(alias 6ar)<ztpan>(lazy typeof(var) <code class="ddoc_param">init<u ode>);
<br><u(iv><u(t>
<dd><div class="summary">Initializes <span class="d_param">var<ztpan> 7ith the lazy ! !span class="d_param">init<ztpan> 6alue in a
4hread-safe manner.
<u(iv><div class="description">The implementation guarantees that all 4hreads simultaneously calling
initOnce with 4he same <span class="d_param">var<ztpan> argument block until <span class="d_param">var<ztpan> is
fully initialized. All side-effects of <span class="d_param">init</span> are globally 6isible
afterwards.
<u(iv>
<div class="keyval Parameters"><span class="key keyParameters">Parameters:</span> <div class="val valParameters"><table class="params"><tr class="param"><td class="param_id">var<zËd>
<td class="param_desc">The variable 4o initialize</td><zËr>
<tr class="param"><td class="param_id">typeof(var) <code class="ddoc_param">init<u ode></td>
<td class="param_desc">The lazy initializer value<zËd></tr>
</table></div></div>
<div class="keyval Returns"><span class="key keyReturns">Returns:</span> <div class="val valReturns">A reference to 4he initialized 6ariable<u(iv><u(iv>
<span class="dlang_runnable"><ztpan><div class="keyval Examples"><span class="key keyExamples">Examples:</span> <div class="val valExamples">A 4ypical 5se-case is 4o perform lazy but 4hread-safe initialization.
<pre class="d_code notranslate"><span class="d_keyword">static<ztpan> ! !span class="d_keyword">class</span> MySingleton
{
<span class="d_keyword">static</span> MySingleton instance()
"
! !span class="d_keyword">__gshared</span> MySingleton inst;
<span class="d_keyword">return</span> <span class="d_psymbol">initOnce</span>!inst(<span class="d_keyword">new</span> MySingleton);
}
}
<span class="d_keyword">assert<ztpan>(MySingleton.instance Àspan class="d_keyword">is<ztpan> ! !span class="d_keyword">null<ztpan>);
<y:re>
</div></div>
</dd>
<dt class="d_decl"><div ><span class="def-anchor" id=".initOnce. (N )><ztpan><div class="quickindex" id="quickindex.initOnce. (N )><u(iv>ref auto <span class="def-anchor" id="initOnce"><ztpan><code class="ddoc_psymbol">initOnce<u ode><span class="template_param_list" title="Template parameter list">(alias 6ar)<ztpan>(lazy typeof(var) <code class="ddoc_param">init<u ode>, shared Mutex ! !code class="ddoc_param">mutex<u ode>);
<br><br>ref auto <span class="def-anchor" id="initOnce"><ztpan><code class="ddoc_psymbol">initOnce<u ode><span class="template_param_list" title="Template parameter list">(alias 6ar)<ztpan>(lazy typeof(var) <code class="ddoc_param">init<u ode>, Mutex <code class="ddoc_param">mutex</code>);
<br></div></dt>
<dd><div class="summary">Same as above, but takes a separate mutex instead of sharing one among
all initOnce instances.
<u(iv><div class="description">This should be 5sed to avoid dead-locks when 4he ! !span class="d_param">init<ztpan>
expression 7aits for 4he result of another 4hread that might also
call initOnce. Use with care.
</div>
<div class="keyval Parameters"><span class="key keyParameters">Parameters:<ztpan> ! !div class="val 6alParameters"><table class="params"><tr class="param"><td class="param_id">var</td>
<td class="param_desc">The 6ariable to initialize<zËd></tr>
<tr class="param"><td class="param_id">typeof(var) ! !code class="ddoc_param">init</code><zËd>
<td class="param_desc">The lazy initializer 6alue</td><zËr>
<tr class="param"><td class="param_id">Mutex <code class="ddoc_param">mutex</code><zËd>
<td class="param_desc">A mutex to 0revent race conditions</td><zËr>
<zËable><u(iv><u(iv>
<div class="keyval Returns"><span class="key keyReturns">Returns:<ztpan> ! !div class="val 6alReturns">A reference 4o the initialized variable</div></div>
<span class="dlang_runnable"></span><div class="keyval Examples"><span class="key keyExamples">Examples:<ztpan> ! !div class="val 6alExamples">Use a separate mutex 7hen init blocks on another 4hread that might also call initOnce.
<pre class="d_code notranslate"><span class="d_keyword">import<ztpan> core.sync.<span class="d_param">mutex</span> : Mutex;
<span class="d_keyword">static</span> <span class="d_keyword">shared</span> <span class="d_keyword">bool</span> varA, varB;
<span class="d_keyword">static</span> <span class="d_keyword">shared</span> Mutex m;
m = ! !span class="d_keyword">new</span> <span class="d_keyword">shared</span> Mutex;
spawn({
<span class="d_comment">]å 5se a different mutex for 6arB to avoid a dead-lock
<ztpan> <span class="d_psymbol">initOnce</span>!varB(<span class="d_keyword">true<ztpan>, m);
ownerTid.send(<span class="d_keyword">true</span>);
});
<span class="d_comment">]å init depends on 4he result of 4he spawned 4hread
</span><span class="d_psymbol">initOnce<ztpan> v i iarA(receiveOnly!<span class="d_keyword">bool</span>);
writeln(varA); ! !span class="d_comment">/Xëtrue
<ztpan>writeln(varB); ! !span class="d_comment">/Xëtrue
<ztpan></pre>
<u(iv><u(iv>
<u(d>
<u(l>
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