Database
I have made use of the following table Customers with the schema as follows.
Using Cursor in SQL Server Stored Procedure with example
I have already inserted few records in the table.
Using Cursor in SQL Server Stored Procedure with example
Note: You can download the database table SQL by clicking the download link below.
Using Cursor in SQL Server with Stored Procedure
Creating Stored Procedure
The below
Stored Procedure makes use of a Cursor for printing the records from the
Customers Table.
Inside the
PrintCustomers_Cursor Stored Procedure, the Cursor is begin by declaring some variables for storing the fetched column data for the table.
Then, the Cursor is declared with a name and its type is set as READ_ONLY and along the FOR keyword the SELECT query is written.
Once the Cursor is setup, it is opened using the OPEN command and the first record is fetched into the variables.
Note: Whenever a record is fetched, the @@FETCH_STATUS has value 0 and as soon as all the records returned by the SELECT query are fetched, its value changes to -1.
The Cursor is associated with a WHILE loop which executes until the @@FETCH_STATUS value becomes 0.
Inside the WHILE loop, the processing is done for the current record and then again the next record is fetched and the records are printed.
Finally, the Cursor is closed and deallocated using CLOSE and DEALLOCATE commands respectively.
Note: It is very important to
deallocate a Cursor, otherwise it will stay in database and when you declare another Cursor with same name again,
SQL Server will throw an error:
A cursor with the name 'Cursor1' already exists.
SET ANSI_NULLS ON
GO
SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER ON
GO
CREATE PROCEDUREPrintCustomers_Cursor
AS
BEGIN
SET NOCOUNT ON;
--DECLARE THE VARIABLES FOR HOLDING DATA.
DECLARE@CustomerId INT
,@Name VARCHAR(100)
,@Country VARCHAR(100)
--DECLARE AND SET COUNTER.
DECLARE@CounterINT
SET@Counter= 1
--DECLARE THE CURSOR FOR A QUERY.
DECLARE PrintCustomers CURSOR READ_ONLY
FOR
SELECTCustomerId, Name,Country
FROMCustomers
--OPEN CURSOR.
OPEN PrintCustomers
--FETCH THE RECORD INTO THE VARIABLES.
FETCH NEXT FROM PrintCustomers INTO
@CustomerId,@Name,@Country
--LOOP UNTIL RECORDS ARE AVAILABLE.
WHILE @@FETCH_STATUS = 0
BEGIN
IF@Counter = 1
BEGIN
PRINT 'CustomerID' + CHAR(9) + 'Name' + CHAR(9) + CHAR(9) + CHAR(9) + 'Country'
PRINT '------------------------------------'
END
--PRINT CURRENT RECORD.
PRINT CAST(@CustomerId AS VARCHAR(10)) + CHAR(9) + CHAR(9) + CHAR(9) +@Name + CHAR(9) +@Country
--INCREMENT COUNTER.
SET@Counter = @Counter+1
--FETCH THE NEXT RECORD INTO THE VARIABLES.
FETCH NEXT FROM PrintCustomers INTO
@CustomerId,@Name,@Country
END
--CLOSE THE CURSOR.
CLOSE PrintCustomers
DEALLOCATE PrintCustomers
END
GO
Executing Stored Procedure
-- Executing Stored Procedure
EXECPrintCustomers_Cursor
Screenshot
Records printed by Stored Procedure
Using Cursor in SQL Server Stored Procedure with example
Downloads