Contributor: SWAG SUPPORT TEAM
SECTION 17 - TP/BP DOS Programming
This document contains information that is most often provided
to users of this section. There is a listing of common
Technical Information Documents that can be downloaded from the
libraries, and a listing of the five most frequently asked
questions and their answers.
TI1184 Overview of Borland Pascal 7.0 and Turbo Pascal 7.0
TI1722 Declaring an array on the heap
TI1760 Creating a temporary stack in real or protected mode
TI1171 Problem Report Form
TI1719 Booting Clean
TI432 Printing graphics to an HP LaserJet
TI433 Printing graphics to an Epson
TI407 Using the serial port in a Pascal application
TI152 Interupt handler for 3.X and lower
TI226 Async routines for versions 3.X and lower
TI232 Absolute disk read for version 3.x and lower
LC2P01.FAQ Linking C to Pascal Frequently Asked Questions
EZDPMI.ZIP Unit encapsulating common DPMI requests for
protected mode programming
BIGSTU.PAS How to cope with memory allocations> 64K
PASALL.ZIP Collection of Technical Information Sheets from
1986 on
NEWRTM.ZIP Latest RMT.EXE and DPMI16BI.OVL
MOUSE.ZIP General purpose mouse unit for text/graphic modes
Q. "How do I link an object file that is a library of
functions created in C?"
A. Download the file "LC2P01.FAQ. The C run-time library is
needed by the object file. Since Pascal can't link the C
RTL as is, you will need the RTL source and will need to
modify it so that it can be linked by TP.
Q. "How do I get the ASCII key numbers for the Arrow keys?"
A. Below is a short program that reveals this information.
program DisplayAscii;
uses Crt;
var
ch:char;
begin
repeat { repeat until Ctrl-C }
ch := Readkey;
Write(Ord(CH):4);
until ch = ^C;
end.
The program can be terminated by pressing Ctrl-C. You'll
see that keypresses such as UpArrow actually generated two
bytes: a zero followed by the extended key code.
Q. "Why do I get runtime error 4 while using the following
line: reset(InFile)?"
A. The error message means that you have run out of file
handles. The FILES= statement in your CONFIG.SYS doesn't
change the fact that a process can, by default, open a
maximum of 20 files (and DOS grabs 5 of those). The
SetHandleCount() API function can be used to increase the
number of handles useable by your application.
Q. "I am using overlays with BP7 with Objects. If Overlay A
calls a procedure or function in Overlay B, does Overlay A
stay in memory while Overlay B runs? Or does Overlay B
wipe out Overlay A, and when Overlay B finishes, it reloads
Overlay A?"
A. It depends on the size of the overlays and the size of the
overlay buffer you set up. In general you can think of the
overlay buffer as a pool of memory where overlaid units can
be stored. Every time you call a routine in an overlaid
unit, that overlay is loaded into the buffer. If the
buffer is already full, then the oldest unit in the buffer
is discarded to make room for the new one. If you've got a
small overlay buffer and large overlaid units, they may
well kick each other out as they load. If you've got a
large overlay buffer the program may well keep everything
in memory the entire time.
Q. "I am getting DosError = 8 when using EXEC() to execute a
program from within my program. How do I correct this?"
A. DosError = 8 means that there is not enough memory
available to run the program being EXEC'ed. Normally your
program grabs all available memory and doesn't leave any
for the program being EXEC'ed. Be sure to use the $M
directive which minimizes the memory required by your
program.
Q. "I am getting DosError = 2 when using EXEC() to copy a
file from one directory to another. The file does exist
and the command line is correct. What is the problem?"
A. You might have assumed that because COMMAND.COM is on your
path, EXEC will find it. Nope. EXEC needs the full path
name. You can use GetEnv('COMSPEC') to get the value of
the environment variable COMSPEC which should be the full
path.
Q. "Does Turbo Pascal run in Super VGA modes?"
A. Yes, if you have a VESA compatable video card you can use
the VESA16.BGI file to get high resolutions such as 1024X768
or 800X600. If you also want 256 color support, you should
turn to a third party solution. There are some helpful
files, including freeware drivers, available here on the
forum.
Q. "How can I print my graphics code?"
A. Download the files labeled TI432.ZIP and TI433.ZIP from
the libraries. Additional support is available from third
party vendors. You could pose a question in the forum asking
for recommendations regarding third party graphics support
for printing.
Q. "When will Borland upgrad the GRAPHICS TOOLBOX?"
A. The GRAPHICS TOOLBOX is no longer available from Borland in
any form, and there are absolutely no plans to upgrade it.
It should, however, recompile with recent versions of
Pascal including Versions 6.0 and 7.0.
Q. "How can I use BGI calls in Windows?"
A. Windows is a graphical operating environment, so there is
no longer any need for the BGI when programming Windows. You
will find that Windows has built in support for graphics
that is much superior to anything available in the BGI unit.
To get started, try using using the manuals and on-line docs
to read about the Windows GDI.
Q. "How can I add a mouse to my Graphics programs?"
A. Outside of Windows and Turbo Vision, Borland offers no built
in support for the mouse in your programs. However, adding
mouse support is extremely simply. Those who know ASSEMBLER
can add mouse support with the INT33 interface, others will
find MOUSE libraries available here in the CIS libraries.
Q. "Are any of the ToolBox programs that shipped with versions
3.0 and 4.0 still available. For instance, can I get an
upgraded copy of the Database ToolBox or the Editor
ToolBox."
A. No. These programs are no longer in any form from any
company. If you want to get a copy of them, you would need
to purchase them from a current owner.
Q. "Can the ToolBox programs be used from version 7.0?"
A. It depends. As a rule, the answer is yes, all you need to do
is recompile and they will run fine. This is totally
fortuitous, however, and Borland has, and will, do nothing
to update these programs. See TI1728 for help upgrading the
Editor ToolBox.
Q. "How can I convert my Turbo Pascal 3.0 program to version
7?"
A. There is a file called up UPGRADE.ZIP which is available on
the forums. This can help in the process of upgrading the
files. Most of the code from version 3.0 will run fine under
7.0, but not all of it.
Q. "When I use the Turbo Vision editors unit from Version 6.0 I
never see the numbers 3, 4, 6 and 7 when I try to type them
in."
A. This was a bug in the first version of TP6.0. The fix is
available in EDITOR.PAT, found in LIB1.
Q. "What ever happened to FreeMin and FreePtr?"
A. These Turbo Pascal 5.x identifiers are no longer used by the
heap manager. Simply delete references to FreeMin from your
code. If you're using routines that use FreePtr to compress
the heap or perform other implementation-dependent
operations on the heap, you'll need to update these
routines. (If you just need to lower the top of memory in
order to do an Exec, you can call the SetMemTop procedure
from the Turbo Vision Memory unit.) See the Programmer's
Guide for more information about how the heap manager
works.