BRL 1964, RCA 3301 REALCOM, starting page 0230
RCA 3301 REALCOM RCA 3301 REALCOM MANUFACTURER Radio Corporation of America Photo by Radio Corporation of America APPLICATIONS The RCA 3301 Realcom is an all-purpose electronic data processing system. The Realcom combines realtime, data communications and scientific computation capabilities with powerful random access and serial data processing. A single RCA 3301 Realcom can provide the entire range of data processing capability required for an organization's total business operations. Together, the RCA Realcom and RCA 301 form a compatible machine family. The computer is an all-purpose stored program digital machine utilizing transistor and diode circuitry. The machine consists of high- speed storage, micro-magnetic storage, program control, console and a power supply. The 40,000 to 160,000 character high-speed storage is a magnetic core, decimally addressed, random access device with a memory cycle time of 1.75 microseconds. The micro-magnetic storage is utilized for registers and temporary storage, with a cycle time of 250 nanoseconds. The program control unit contains circuitry for the interpretation and execution of the instructions, controls the interrupt system and performs automation accuracy checks. The console contains an operator's section to monitor normal operations and a maintenance section houses the indicators and switches needed for maintenance. The power supply unit supplies power to the Processor, Control Modules, and certain InputOutput devices. Five operating modes are available in the RCA 3301 computer in addition to buffered input-output devices. A basic processor includes a normal mode and two simultaneous modes for input-output operations. A third I/0 simultaneous mode and a communication mode are optional. Printers, card punches and interrogating typewriters are completely buffered. PROGRAMMING AND NUMERICAL SYSTEM Internal number system Binary coded decimal Decimal digits/word 10 Character oriented, word capabilities Decimal digits/instruction 10 Instructions/word 1 Instructions decoded 61 Arithmetic system Boolean arithmetic Optional high-speed arithmetic unit provides fixed and floating point arithmetics. Instruction type Two address Number range Limited by size of memory selected. Instruction word format +-----------+-------------+-----------+-----------+ | 1 | 1 | 4 | 4 | +-----------+-------------+-----------+-----------+ | Operation | N Character | A Address | B Address | +-----------+-------------+-----------+-----------+ N Character specifies an I/0 device, symbol or count; or, in combination with the OP Code, an operation. Automatic built-in subroutines Several operation codes have the effect of a subroutine, i.e. Translate by Table provides conversion from one bit structure to another; Transfer by Count to Edit edits data for printing. Automatic coding Automatic coding includes FORTRAN, COBOL-61 Extended with Report Writer and an Assembly System. A variety of general-purpose service programs are provided. The Operating System includes a File Control Processor which handles input- output processing and the Executive Control System which controls the physical environment.BRL 1964, RCA 3301 REALCOM, starting page 0231
Other programs provided include PERT, an "Oscillating" sort and merge system, utility programs such as memory dump, tape copy, tape compare, test data distribution, peripheral conversion programs and all required PLT maintenance routines. RCA 301 programs are also accommodated. Registers and B-Boxes There are ten basic registers plus 50 four-character locations in Micro Magnetic Memory (MMM) for register storage. Included in MMM are three index registers and accompanying increment registers. ARITHMETIC UNIT Incl. Stor. Access Excl. Stor. Access Microsec Microsec Add 9.75 1.75 Mutt 34.63 26.63 Div 58.00 50.00 Construction (Arithmetic unit only) The quantity of transistors, diodes and magnetic cores used in the arithmetic unit depend on the particular unit used. Arithmetic mode Serial (Standard) Parallel high-speed arithmetic unit, and for indexing and incrementing index registers. Above times assume 8-character fixed point fields with high speed arithmetic unit. Sample internal speeds (incl. instruction access time) are: Transfer 10 char. word: 5.75 microseconds; Compare 10 char. fields: 6.25 to 42.25 microseconds (left to right compare with termination upon inequality). Timing Asynchronous Operation Concurrent STORAGE No. of No. of Access Medium Words Digits Microsec Magnetic Core 4,000 - 40,000 - 1.75 16,000 160,000 Micro-Magnetic 50 200 0.25 Memory Data Disk File 22,000,000 - 100,000 Avg. 530,000,000 INPUT Medium Speed Punched Cards Model 324 900 cards/min Model 329 1,470 cards/min 50 or 81 column cards are photo-electrically read in binary or translate mode. Paper Tape 100, 500, or 1,000 chars/see Can accomodate 5, 6, 7 or 8 channel tape. Magnetic Tape All input devices are operated in a simultaneous mode allowing compute to occur during the read. OUTPUT Medium Speed Printer, Model 333 1,000 lines/min (120 chars/line) Printer, Model 335 1,000 lines/min (160 chars/line) Card Punch 300 cards/min 80 col/card in binary or translate mode. Paper Tape Punch 100 or 300 chars/min Features include the punching of 5, 7, or 8 channel tape. Console Typewriter 924 chars/min Accommodates each RCA 3301 character Magnetic Tape Printer and card punch are completely buffered. Transfer to the printer and card punch control occurs in a simultaneous mode at the rate of 4 microseconds or 36 microseconds/character respectively. All output occurs in a simultaneous mode with compute concurrently proceeding in the Normal Mode. In addition to normal input-output devices, four real-time or communications devices are available in the RCA 3301 Realcom System. The Interrogating Typewriter is a completely buffered input-output device for remote inquiry. Inquiry messages may be entered from a distance of up to 2,000 feet from the Computer. Output is typed at up to 924 characters/minute. Eight Interrogating Typewriters are permitted in an RCA 3301 System. The Communications Control permits long distance communication between an RCA 3301 and other computers or remote terminals via telephone lines.
Magetic Tape Model Nr: 581 582 681 348524 Units can be connected Units 24 24 24 24No. or chars/linear inch Chars/inch 333 667 800 200,556,800Channels or tracks on the tape Tracks/tap 16 16 16 8Blank tape separating each record Inches 0.34 0.54 1.1 0.75Tape speed Inches/sec 100 100 150 150Transfer rate Chars/sec 33,333 66,667 120,000 30,000, 83,400, 120,000Start time Millisec 3.5 3.5 5.3 3.0Stop time Millisec - - 2.0 2.0 2.0Average time for experienced operator to change reel Seconds 30- 45 30- 45 30 - 45 30 - 45Physical properties of tapeWidth Inches 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.50Length of reel Feet 2,400 2,400 2,400 2,400Composition Mylar Mylar Mylar Mylar Tape stop time is required for read-after write check; other tape slow down time is available for computation. The RCA 3301 Realcom is basically a character machine with word capabilities. Instructions are accessed by word, and internal data manipulation may be either word or character as programmed. Four models of the Data Disk File are available on the 3301. Model 1 with 22,118,400 characters; Model 2 with 44,236,800 characters; Model 3 with 66,355,200 characters; and Model 4, with 88,473,600 characters. Up to six Model 4 disk files will have a capacity of over 530,000,000 characters. Disk Characteristics: 9 data zones of 128 tracks each per disk surface. Each track sores 1,600 sevenbit characters and is divided into ten 160-charact r sectors. In one movement all the access arms of a file are positioned so that all of the read- write heads are over the same track in each zone. Because of this feature, the file is not limited to the data on a single disk. When the heads are positioned over one of the 128 tracks in each zone, there are from 108 (model 1) to 432 (Model 4) full tracks available with no additional mechanical movement. Once initiated track selection proceeds independently of other computer processing.BRL 1964, RCA 3301 REALCOM, starting page 0232
Extensive checks are conducted at key points within the system to insure accurate reliable operations. Parity is checked whenever information is transferred within the system. Other error conditions detected include the use of an invalid operation code, addressing beyond the confines of high-speed memory, arithmetic overflow, and divisor error. Input-output operations are effectively controlled with respect to the devices being busy or inoperable, or incorrect parity being read or written. When the Realcom hardware detects a malfunction, an indicator is set and control is automatically transferred to the Executive system via a priority interrupt. Software then analyzes the condition, effects an automatic tape re-read or re-write when indicated, and communicates to the operator if required. POWER, SPACE, WEIGHT, AND SITE. PREPARATION Site preparation requirements. A 208 volt, 60 cycle/second, single- phase, four-wire power system is required. PRODUCTION RECORD Number produced to date 1 Number in current operation 1 Time required for delivery 11 months COST, PRICE AND RENTAL RATES BASIC MODEL TYPICAL MONTHLY NR. ON-LINE COMMUNICATIONS SYSTEM RENTAL 3303 BASIC PROCESSOR $ 9,800 3361-3 Memory Increment 2,500 3378-21 CMC 680 6025-21 Interface Unit 100 6002-11 Telegraph Buffer 300 6071 Communications Rack 60 6072 Buffer Frames (10) 300 6080 Power Supply 100 581 Tapes (6) 33KC 3,300 3383-6 Dual Tape Channel 400 324, Card Reader & Control 660 333, 3333 On-Line Printer & Control 1,575 ------- $ 19,775 ON-LINE SERIAL DATA PROCESSING SYSTEM 3303 BASIC PROCESSOR $ 9,800 582 Tapes (8) 66KC 7,00O 3383-12 Dial Tape Channel 450 324, 3329 Card Reader & Control 660 333, 3333 On-Line Printer & Control 1,575 ------- $ 19,485 OFF-LINE SERIAL DATA PROCESSING SYSTEM 3303 BASIC PROCESSOR 9,800ドル 582 Tapes (6) 66KC 5,250 3383-6 Dual Tape Channel 400 303 Satellite (301) 1,750 330 Card Reader/Punch and Control 1,130 333, 316-1 On-Line Printer & Control 850 582 Tapes (2) 66Kc 1,750 394-1 & 2 Tape Adapters 1,376 ------- $ 22,306 RENTAL RATES BASIC MODEL TYPICAL MONTHLY NR. SCIENTIFIC SYSTEM RENTAL 3304 BASIC PROCESSOR $ 11,675 404, 3361-3 Memory Increment 2,500 581 Tapes (5) 33KC 3,150 324, 3329 Card Reader & Control 660 3436, 3336 Card Punch & Control 1,600 333, 3333 On-Line Printer & Control 1,575 -------- $ 21,160 PERSONNEL REQUIREMENTS Personnel requirements vary in accordance with thecomplexity of the problem and the configuration of the equipment. RCA offers, without charge to the user, courses in the application and use of the RCA 3301 Realcom System. RCA provides training of personnel or user representatives in systems analysis courses, programming courses, special purpose courses, and operators courses. A continuous education program is also provided. CHECKING FEATURES The machine design of the 3301 Realcom system utilizes techniques tested and proven in the RCA 301 and RCA 601 Computers. Logic design of the RCA 3301 Realcom was enhanced by use of RCA 501 computer programs to check and validate design requirements. ADDITIONAL FEATURES AND REMARKS A single system can handle communications, realtime, random access, scientific and serial data processing requirements. Building block concept on a functional basis is standard in both hardware and software systems. Software design permits changes in computer usage without the requirement of user reprogramming. Production and real-time programs can operate simultaneously. Automatic priority interrupt feature facilitates simultaneous program operation and error detection and recovery. Variable item and record length with word capabilities. Indirect addressing and indexing are standard. Multiply and divide, and editing features are standard. Transfer between the disk file and the high-speed memory occurs in a simultaneous mode at 32,000 characters/second. The Communications Mode Control permits on-line data input-output transmission between the RCA 3301 computer and various remote devices utilizing the standard communications line facilities. The CMC permits the servicing of 20, 40, 60, 80, 100, 120,140 or 160 buffer-terminated communication lines. An additional mode of simultaneity permits the transfer of data either way between the Processor and the lines to be time-shared with other input-output and compute operations. The Data Exchange Control permits long distance communicate with either another RCA 3301 or an RCA 301. Data transmission may be in either direction, one direction, one direction at a time. Two DXC's may be included in an RCA 3301 System. Data transfer rate is up to 266,666 characters/second.BRL 1964, RCA 3301 REALCOM, starting page 0233
Diagram by Radio Corporation of AmericaBRL 1964, RECOMP III, starting page 0234
RECOMP III MANUFACTURER Autonetics Div of North American Aviation Photo by Autonetics Division APPLICATIONS General purpose computing. PROGRAMMING AND NUMERICAL SYSTEM Internal number system Binary Binary digits/word 40 including sign Binary digits/instruction 20 Instructions/word 2 Instructions decoded 54 Includes 4 optional floating point instructions. Arithmetic system Fixed and floating point Floating point is optional and fixed point is standard. Instruction type One address Number range - (239-1) to + (239-1) Instruction word format +------+------+---------+---------+-----------+-------+-----+---------+---------+-----------+ | 1 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 1 | 1 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 1 | +------+------+---------+---------+-----------+-------+-----+---------+---------+-----------+ | Sign | OP | Channel | Sector | 1/2 | Index | OP | Channel | Sector | 1/2 | | | Code | Address | Address | Word | |Code | Address | Address | Word | | | | | | Indicator | | | | | Indicator | +------+------+---------+---------+-----------+-------+-----+---------+---------+-----------+ | 1st Instruction | 2d Instruction | +---------------------------------------------+---------------------------------------------+ Automatic built-in subroutines Boostrap Loading Subroutine Diagnostic Program Automatic coding FORTRAN Compiler RIP 3000 Interpreter G-15 Intercom Translator Registers and B-Boxes A Register - Accumulator B Register - Number Register G Register - Location and Index Register R Register - Lower Accumulator Z Register - Instruction Register Two 8 word fast access registersBRL 1964, RECOMP III, starting page 0235ARITHMETIC UNIT Incl. Stor. Access Excl. Stor. Access Microseconds Microseconds Fixed Point Fixed Pt. Floating Pt. Add 9,440 (Avg) 540 1,100 Mult 19,700 (Avg) 10,800 12,400 Div 20,000 (Avg) 11,100 12,200 Construction (Arithmetic unit only) Transistors and Condenser-Diodes Arithmetic mode Serial Timing Asynchronous Operation Sequential STORAGE No. of Average Access Medium Words Microsec Magnetic Disk 4,096 8,900 Magnetic Disk 16 2,160 INPUT Medium Speed Remarks Typewriter Manual Flexowriter Paper Tape 10 chars/sec Flexowriter Paper Tape 600 chars/sec Facit Punch (Stops on character) Punched Card 20 columns/sec (Skips columns at 80 columns/second). Handles 5, 6, 7, or 8 channel paper tapes. Handles 4 input devices without modification. OUTPUT Medium Speed Remarks Typewriter 10 chars/sec Flexowriter Paper Tape 10 chars/sec Flexowriter Paper Tape 150 chars/sec Facit Punch Punched Card 20 columns/sec Point Plotter X axis 200 increments/sec (Max) Y axis 200 increments/sec (max) Z axis 10 operations/sec (Max) Handles 4 output devices without modification CHECKING FEATURES Fixed: Single operation mode. Permanently recorded diagnostic program. Optional: Recomp Systems Tester - Displays states of all flip-flops, provides for marginal voltage test and logic checking. POWER, SPACE, WEIGHT, AND SITE PREPARATION Power, computer 0.40 KVA 0.9 pf 3.5A at 115 V. AC Volume, computer 31.0 cu ft Area, computer 12.5 sq ft Room size required Normal desk area Weight, computer 395 lbs PRODUCTION RECORD Number produced to date 40 Number in current operation 30 PERSONNEL REQUIREMENTS The system may be operated by office or engineering personnel with a minimum of training. ADDITIONAL FEATURES AND REMARKS Small size, low cost, versatile. Simplicity of programing and aeration. Large library of available programs. SPARC III Program for Automatic Circuit Design Analysis.BRL 1964, RPC 4000, starting page 0236
RPC 4000 (Formerly Royal McBee Corp. RPC 4000) MANUFACTURER Librascope Div., General Precision Inc. Photo by Librascope Div., General Precision Inc. APPLICATIONS General purpose, simple to operate, low cost computer and data processor with large internal memory. PROGRAMMING AND NUMERICAL SYSTEM Internal number system Binary Binary digits/word 32 Binary digits/instruction 5 Instructions/word One Instructions decoded 36 + Variation Arithmetic system Fixed point Floating point Programmed Instruction type Two-address Number range + 1 to - 1 Instruction word format +-------+--------------+-----------+------------+ | 0 4 | 5 17 | 18 30 | 31 | +-------+--------------+-----------+------------+ | Order | Data Address | Next Add. | Index Flag | +-------+--------------+-----------+------------+ Automatic coding FORTRAN Act IV PINT Registers and B-Boxes 1 Index 2 Accumulators, 1 of which extends to 8 words in length. Word recirculating ARITHMETIC UNIT Incl. Stor. Access Excl. Stor. Access Microsec Microsec Add 1,040 260 Mult 17,420 16,380 Div 17,420 16,380 A multiply by 10 is accomplished in 260 micro sec. Construction (Arithmetic unit only) Vacuum-tubes 0 Transistors 197 Condenser-diodes 540 Magnetic cores 0 Arithmetic mode Serial Timing Synchronous Operation SequentialBRL 1964, RPC 4000, starting page 0237
STORAGE No. of No. of Bin. Aver. not Optimum Medium Words Digits/Word Access Microsec Drum 8,008 32 8,320 INPUT Medium Speed Paper Tape 500 chars/sec Manual 10 chars/sec OUTPUT Medium Speed Paper Tape 300 chars/sec Typewriter 12 chars/sec CIRCUIT ELEMENTS OF ENTIRE SYSTEM Type Quantity Tubes 0 Diodes 4,500 Transistors 500 Magnetic Cores 0 CHECKING FEATURES Parity on input. POWER, SPACE, WEIGHT, AND SITE PREPARATION Power, computer 1 Kw 1 KVA 1 pf Air conditioner None Volume, computer 60 cu ft Area, computer 15 sq ft Floor loading 33 lbs/sq ft Weight, computer 500 lb No special site preparation required. PRODUCTION RECORD Number produced to date 115 Number in current operation 104 Number on order 4 Time required for delivery 1 to 2 months PERSONNEL REQUIREMENTS One operator is required for an 8-hour shift. Training is made available by the manufacturer to the user. RELIABILITY, OPERATING EXPERIENCE Mainframe 95% uptime (average) Peripheral 90%o uptime (average)
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