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I run Python on an arm-brcm-linux-uclibcgnueabi router. Python was cross-compiled using hndtools-arm-linux-2.6.36-uclibc-4.5.3 toolchain. While trying to use deluge, I realised that there's something wrong with handling C++ exceptions in C++ extension modules: they're not being caught at all. I tested whether C++ exception handling works on my system in general, and concluded it does work fine. I then wrote a simple C++ extension module with a try-catch block in the init function, that has a "throw 1" in the try section and a "catch (...)" section (see module.cpp), and I got "terminate called after throwing an instance of 'int'" when trying to load the module. Tested this with Python 2.7.9 and 3.4.2, however I had similar issues with other versions, such as 2.7.3 and 2.6.9.
I'm not sure whether this is a Python issue, or a specific build issue, but I'm stuck here and any help is greatly appreciated!

For a problem like this you should post to the python-list mailing list. In addition to the bug tracker not being a place to get help, you are actually more likely to find people who can help you on python-list. We don't actually deal with C++ extensions while developing Python itself so other python users are more likely to have experience in this area.
If you do manage to identify a python bug (which seems unlikely, there are certainly other people successfully using C++ with Python) you can come back and reopen this issue.

Thank you for your reply, David! I will come back and reopen if I do identify a python bug.

I agree with David that this isn't the right venue.
That said, the likely problem is that Python's main() is written in C, not C++, so some needed runtime support for exceptions is not getting initialized.

Thank you for giving me a hint, Eric! Even though you weren't 100% right, your got me thinking in the right direction, and I found out in the end that I have to explicitly link python with libgcc_s on build time. Now everything works fine. This looks like a uClibc issue, and it should be noted somewhere for others who might encounter similar problems, I suppose.