Create a link client-> client64 in directory /usr/include/oracle/version_instantclientoracle
idem in /usr/lib/oracle/version_instantclientoracle

Please try using this CVS snapshot:
 http://snaps.php.net/php5.2-latest.tar.gz
 
For Windows:
 http://windows.php.net/snapshots/

I'm still seeing the same problem with the latest CVS snapshot (php5.2-200904271430). What it comes down to is the code is only looking for 'client' directories. The Oracle RPMs put everything in 'client64' directories.
/usr/include/oracle/11.1.0.1/client64
/usr/lib/oracle/11.1.0.1/client64
As the previous poster mentioned, if you link the client directory in both of those directories to client64, then the compile works fine. That seems a bit of a kludge though.

No feedback was provided for this bug for over a week, so it is
being suspended automatically. If you are able to provide the
information that was originally requested, please do so and change
the status of the bug back to "Open".

Patch attached for config.m4.
Notes for end users, in order to use this you have to rebuild configure 
(buildconf --force after applying the patch).
After applying and rebuilding, the following should work:
./configure --with-pdo-oci=instantclient,/usr,10.2.0.4
or
./configure --with-pdo-oci=shared,instantclient,/usr,10.2.0.4
Note that this is different from the non-PDO OCI configure option:
--with-oci8=instantclient,/usr/lib/oracle/10.2.0.4/client64/lib
or
--with-oci8=shared,instantclient,/usr/lib/oracle/10.2.0.4/client64/lib
(the version is a parameter in the PDO OCI option).

Bug still exists in 5.3.3. Patch uploaded.

Automatic comment from SVN on behalf of felipe
Revision: http://svn.php.net/viewvc/?view=revision&revision=309818
Log: - Fixed bug #44989 (64bit Oracle RPMs still not supported by pdo-oci)
 patch by: jbnance at tresgeek dot net

This bug has been fixed in SVN.
Snapshots of the sources are packaged every three hours; this change
will be in the next snapshot. You can grab the snapshot at
http://snaps.php.net/.
 
Thank you for the report, and for helping us make PHP better.
Thanks for the patch!

With Oracle Instant Client 11.2 RPMs use:
./configure --with-pdo-oci=instantclient,/usr,11.2
or
./configure --with-pdo-oci=shared,instantclient,/usr,11.2
i.e. only use two components of the version number.

The committed patch introduced a regression for those who have a path like:
 /usr/lib64/oracle/10.2.0.3/client/include
on x86_64 boxes.
The path tried are:
/usr/include/oracle/10.2.0.3/client64/oci.h
/usr/lib/oracle/10.2.0.3/client64/include/oci.h
/usr/sdk/include/oci.h
/usr/client64/include/oci.h
Because /usr/lib/ is a symlink to /usr/lib64/ on those boxes, it previously 
worked by using "client" rather than "client64".
Now it fails with:
configure: error: I'm too dumb to figure out where the include dir is in your 
Instant Client install

What distribution has /usr/lib sym linked to /usr/lib64?
The patch works fine on RHEL 5 32-bit (and 64-bit) with Oracle 10 and 11.2 RPMs 
(from Oracle).

At least Gentoo has /usr/lib symlinked to /usr/lib64

Errr... That goes against the FHS. Red Hat / CentOS, Fedora, SuSE / OpenSUSE, and 
Ubuntu / Debian (as well as all the derivates I know of) all have separate lib and 
lib64 directories.

How is that against FHS? IIRC it is even mentioned specifically in one of FHS' footnotes.
Gentoo can be multilib, thus it has both /usr/lib32 and /usr/lib64, and /usr/lib as a symlink to /usr/lib64. Redhat and whatnot are probably not mutlilib, so they do not have this link (nor do all profiles on Gentoo).

Ah, yes, my mistake. I forgot that although it defines lib<qual> rules, it 
doesn't specify whether you use lib32 or lib64.
So what I should have said is that practically every other distribution uses lib 
for 32-bit libraries and lib64 for 64-bit libraries. On 64-bit systems using 
those distros, /lib & /usr/lib still contains the 32-bit versions of the libraries 
you have installed (you can install the 64-bit without the 32-bit and vice versa).
So, whatever modifications are done to the patch will need to take that into 
account.

Here's a better explanation of the lib64 stuff:
http://www.pathname.com/fhs/pub/fhs-2.3.html#LIB64

Since this bug is closed and the discussion is getting platform specific, I 
suggest you open a new bug, attach the description, include which Instant Client 
bundle is being installed, and attach a verified patch.